Urinary System
Which structure creates a 20 degree angle between the upper and lower poles of the kidneys? Correct
Answer: Psoas
How much rotation is required from supine to place the kidneys parallel to the IR? Correct Answer: 30
degrees
What two landmarks can be palpated to locate the kidneys? Correct Answer: xiphoid and iliac
What term describes an abnormal drop of the kidneys when the patient is placed erect? Correct Answer:
nephroptosis
Three functions of the urinary system? Correct Answer: 1. remove nitrogenous waste 2. Regulate water
level 3. Regulate acid-base balance
A buildup of nitrogenous waste in the blood is called? Correct Answer: Uremia
Longitudinal fissure found along the central medial border of the kidney is called the... Correct Answer:
Hilum
Outer portion of the kidney is called? Correct Answer: Cortex
Term that describes the total functioning portion of the kidney is? Correct Answer: Renal parenchyma
microscopic functional and structural unit of the kidney is the? Correct Answer: Nephron
Which structure of the medulla is made up of a collection of tubules that drain into the minor calyx?
Correct Answer: pyramids
The glomerular capsule and proximal and distal convoluted tubules are located in the cortex of the
kidney Correct Answer: true
The afferent arterioles carry blood to the glomeruli Correct Answer: true
What two processes move urine through the ureters to the bladder? Correct Answer: peristalsis and
gravity
The bladder is more anterior than the proximal ureters, kidneys and suprarenal glands Correct Answer:
true
The junction between the distal uerters and bladder Correct Answer: uretervesical junction
Name of the small gland found just inferior to the male bladder? Correct Answer: prostate
, Name of the inner, posterior region of the bladder formed by the two ureters entering and the urethra
exiting? Correct Answer: Trigone
capacity of ave. adult bladder? Correct Answer: 350-500ml
Which of the following is the most posterior? Ovaries, urethra vagina and kidneys? Correct Answer:
Kidneys
IV contrast media can be administered two ways. Correct Answer: Bolus injection or Drip infusion
An informed consent form must be signed before venipuncture is performed on a pediatric patient. T or
F Correct Answer: True. By the patient or legal guardian
For most IVs, veins in the -------- are recommended for venipuncture. Correct Answer: Antecubital fossa
The most common size needle for a bolus injection on adults is? Correct Answer: 18-22 gauge
The two most common types of needles used for a bolus injection of contrast media are? Correct
Answer: Butterfly and over-the-needle catheter
Which direction should the bevel of the needle face during puncture? Correct Answer: upward
If extravasation occurs during puncture the tech should... Correct Answer: needle should be withdrawn
and pressure applied.
If unsuccessful during the initial puncture Correct Answer: A new needle should be used for 2nd
attempt
Who is responsible for documenting all aspects of the venipuncture procedure in a patients chart?
Correct Answer: The tech
common anion found in ionic contrast media? Correct Answer: Diatrizoate or iothalamate
Any disruption in the physiological functions of the body that may lead to a contrast media reaction is
the basis for the Correct Answer: Chemotoxic theory
Normal creatine level for an adult Correct Answer: .6 to 1.5 mg/dl
Normal BUN levels for an adult Correct Answer: 8 to 25 mg/100ml
Metformin hydrochloride is a drug taken for Correct Answer: management of diabetes
Metformin should be withheld for-------hrs following a contrast procedure and resumed only if kidney
function is again determined to be in normal limits Correct Answer: 48 hours
What type of reaction is a true allergic response to iodinated contrast media? Correct Answer:
anaphylactic reaction
Which structure creates a 20 degree angle between the upper and lower poles of the kidneys? Correct
Answer: Psoas
How much rotation is required from supine to place the kidneys parallel to the IR? Correct Answer: 30
degrees
What two landmarks can be palpated to locate the kidneys? Correct Answer: xiphoid and iliac
What term describes an abnormal drop of the kidneys when the patient is placed erect? Correct Answer:
nephroptosis
Three functions of the urinary system? Correct Answer: 1. remove nitrogenous waste 2. Regulate water
level 3. Regulate acid-base balance
A buildup of nitrogenous waste in the blood is called? Correct Answer: Uremia
Longitudinal fissure found along the central medial border of the kidney is called the... Correct Answer:
Hilum
Outer portion of the kidney is called? Correct Answer: Cortex
Term that describes the total functioning portion of the kidney is? Correct Answer: Renal parenchyma
microscopic functional and structural unit of the kidney is the? Correct Answer: Nephron
Which structure of the medulla is made up of a collection of tubules that drain into the minor calyx?
Correct Answer: pyramids
The glomerular capsule and proximal and distal convoluted tubules are located in the cortex of the
kidney Correct Answer: true
The afferent arterioles carry blood to the glomeruli Correct Answer: true
What two processes move urine through the ureters to the bladder? Correct Answer: peristalsis and
gravity
The bladder is more anterior than the proximal ureters, kidneys and suprarenal glands Correct Answer:
true
The junction between the distal uerters and bladder Correct Answer: uretervesical junction
Name of the small gland found just inferior to the male bladder? Correct Answer: prostate
, Name of the inner, posterior region of the bladder formed by the two ureters entering and the urethra
exiting? Correct Answer: Trigone
capacity of ave. adult bladder? Correct Answer: 350-500ml
Which of the following is the most posterior? Ovaries, urethra vagina and kidneys? Correct Answer:
Kidneys
IV contrast media can be administered two ways. Correct Answer: Bolus injection or Drip infusion
An informed consent form must be signed before venipuncture is performed on a pediatric patient. T or
F Correct Answer: True. By the patient or legal guardian
For most IVs, veins in the -------- are recommended for venipuncture. Correct Answer: Antecubital fossa
The most common size needle for a bolus injection on adults is? Correct Answer: 18-22 gauge
The two most common types of needles used for a bolus injection of contrast media are? Correct
Answer: Butterfly and over-the-needle catheter
Which direction should the bevel of the needle face during puncture? Correct Answer: upward
If extravasation occurs during puncture the tech should... Correct Answer: needle should be withdrawn
and pressure applied.
If unsuccessful during the initial puncture Correct Answer: A new needle should be used for 2nd
attempt
Who is responsible for documenting all aspects of the venipuncture procedure in a patients chart?
Correct Answer: The tech
common anion found in ionic contrast media? Correct Answer: Diatrizoate or iothalamate
Any disruption in the physiological functions of the body that may lead to a contrast media reaction is
the basis for the Correct Answer: Chemotoxic theory
Normal creatine level for an adult Correct Answer: .6 to 1.5 mg/dl
Normal BUN levels for an adult Correct Answer: 8 to 25 mg/100ml
Metformin hydrochloride is a drug taken for Correct Answer: management of diabetes
Metformin should be withheld for-------hrs following a contrast procedure and resumed only if kidney
function is again determined to be in normal limits Correct Answer: 48 hours
What type of reaction is a true allergic response to iodinated contrast media? Correct Answer:
anaphylactic reaction
