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Advanced Practice Nursing Essentials for Role Development 4th
Edition by Lucille A Joel
Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Advanced Practice Nursing: Doing What Has to Be
Done-Radicals, Renegades, and Rebels
Chapter 2: Emerging Roles of the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 3: Role Development: A Theoretical Perspective
Chapter 4: Educational Preparation of Advanced Practice Nurses:
Looking to the Future
Chapter 5: Global Perspectives on Advanced Nursing Practice
Chapter 6: Advanced Practice Nurses and Prescriptive Authority
Chapter 7: Credentialing and Clinical Privileges for the
Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
Chapter 8: The Kaleidoscope of Collaborative Practice
Chapter 9: Participation of the Advanced Practice Nurse in
Health Plans and Quality Initiatives
Chapter 10: Public Policy and the Advanced Practice Registered
Nurse
Chapter 11: Resource Management
Chapter 12: Mediated Roles: Working With and Through Other People by Thomas D: Smith,
Chapter 13: Evidence-Based Practice
Chapter 14: Advocacy and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 15: Case Management and Advanced Practice Nursing
Chapter 16: The Advanced Practice Nurse and Research
Chapter 17: The Advanced Practice Nurse: Holism and Complementary and Integrative Health
Approaches
Chapter 18: Basic Skills for Teaching and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 19: Culture as a Variable in Practice
Chapter 20: Conflict Resolution in Advanced Practice Nursing
Chapter 21: Leadership for APNs: If Not Now, When?
Chapter 22: Information Technology and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 23: Writing for Publication
Chapter 24: Measuring Advanced Practice Nurse Performance: Outcome Indicators, Models of
Evaluation and the Issue of Value
Chapter 25: Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: Accomplishments, Trends, and Future
Development
Chapter 26: Starting a Practice and Practice Management
Chapter 27: The Advanced Practice Nurse as Employee or Independent Contractor: Legal and
Contractual Considerations
Chapter 28: The Law, The Courts, and the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
Chapter 29: Malpractice and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 30: Ethics and the Advanced Practice Nurse
,Chapter 1: Advanced Practice Nursing: Doing What Has to Be Done –
Radical,Renegades, and Rebels
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
1. Which change represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer?
1. Perception of health promotion as an obligation
2. Development of a clinical nurse specialist position statement
3. Foundation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
4. Emergence of a medical establishment
Page: 4
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1. This is incorrect. Lay healers traditionally viewed their role as being a function
of their community obligations; however, theemerging medical
establishment viewed healing as a commodity. theemergence of a male
medical establishment represents theprimary impetus for theend of theera
of thefemale lay healer.
2. This is incorrect. theAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) position statementon
educational requirements for theclinical nurse specialist (CNS) was
developed in 1965; theANA’s position statement on therole of theCNS was
issued in 1976. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
the primary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer.
3. This is incorrect. theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was
founded in 1928. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
the primary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer.
4. This is correct. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
theprimary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer. Whereas
lay healers viewed their role as being a function of their community
obligations, theemerging medical establishment viewed healing as a
commodity. theera of thefemale lay healer began and ended in the19th
century. theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was founded in
1928. theAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) position statement on
educational requirements for theclinical nurse specialist (CNS) was developed
in 1965; theANA’s position statement on therole of theCNS was issued in
1976.
2. thebeginning of modern nursing is traditionally considered to have begun with which
event?
1. Establishment of thefirst school of nursing
2. Incorporation of midwifery by thelay healer
3. Establishment of theFrontier Nursing Service (FNS)
4. Creation of theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
Answer: 1
,Pages: 4–5
Feedback
1. This is correct. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in
1873, when thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened. therole of
thelay healer as a midwife is documented to have occurred in the19th century,
before theestablishment of schools of nursing. theFrontier NursingService
(FNS), which provided nurse-midwifery services, was established in 1925. In
1928, theKentucky State Association of Midwives, which was an outgrowth of
theFNS, became theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives
(AANM).
2. This is incorrect. therole of thelay healer as a midwife is documented to have
occurred in the19th century, before theestablishment of schools of nursing.
Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in 1873,
when thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. This is incorrect. theFrontier Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nurse-
midwifery services, was established in 1925. Traditionally, modern nursing is
considered to have begun in 1873, when thefirst three U.S. training schools
for nurses opened.
4. This is incorrect. In 1928, theKentucky State Association of Midwives, whichwas
an outgrowth of theFNS, became theAmerican Association of Nurse- Midwives
(AANM). Modern nursing is considered to have begun in 1873, at
which time thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. In 1910, which factors most significantly influenced themidwifery profession? Select
all that apply.
1. Strict licensing requirements
2. Negative public perception
3. Dedicated funding for training
4. Poor maternal-child outcomes
5. Mandatory professional supervision
Answer: 2, 4
Pages: 6–7
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional. Though legislation ultimately was passed to tighten
requirements related to licensing and supervision of midwives, in theearly
20th century, midwives were largely unregulated and generally perceived as
unprofessional.
, 2. This is correct. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly influenced
by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended by
midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
thenational population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
amongboth mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of thebirthing process, and a
movement awayfrom home births prompted major changes. Legislation was
passed to tightenrequirements related to licensing and supervision of
midwives. One aim of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
involved allotting funds to
train public health nurses in midwifery; however, thebill lapsed in 1929.
3. This is incorrect. Goals of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
included allocating funds to train public health nurses in midwifery, but
thebill lapsed in 1929. In 1910, poor maternal-child outcomes and a public
perception as unprofessional significantly influenced themidwifery
profession.
4. This is correct. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly influenced
by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended by
midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
thenational population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
amongboth mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of thebirthing process, and a
movement awayfrom home births prompted major changes. Legislation was
passed to tightenrequirements related to licensing and supervision of
midwives. One aim of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
involved allotting funds to
train public health nurses in midwifery; however, thebill lapsed in 1929.
5. This is incorrect. In 1910, themidwifery profession was largely unregulated.
Factors that influenced theprofession included poor maternal-child outcomes
and a public perception as unprofessional.
4. Which advanced practice nursing role is unique in that thepractitioners view theirrole
as comprising a combination of two distinct disciplines?
1. Nurse practitioner
2. Certified registered nurse anesthetist
3. Clinical nurse specialist
4. Certified nurse-midwife
Advanced Practice Nursing Essentials for Role Development 4th
Edition by Lucille A Joel
Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Advanced Practice Nursing: Doing What Has to Be
Done-Radicals, Renegades, and Rebels
Chapter 2: Emerging Roles of the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 3: Role Development: A Theoretical Perspective
Chapter 4: Educational Preparation of Advanced Practice Nurses:
Looking to the Future
Chapter 5: Global Perspectives on Advanced Nursing Practice
Chapter 6: Advanced Practice Nurses and Prescriptive Authority
Chapter 7: Credentialing and Clinical Privileges for the
Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
Chapter 8: The Kaleidoscope of Collaborative Practice
Chapter 9: Participation of the Advanced Practice Nurse in
Health Plans and Quality Initiatives
Chapter 10: Public Policy and the Advanced Practice Registered
Nurse
Chapter 11: Resource Management
Chapter 12: Mediated Roles: Working With and Through Other People by Thomas D: Smith,
Chapter 13: Evidence-Based Practice
Chapter 14: Advocacy and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 15: Case Management and Advanced Practice Nursing
Chapter 16: The Advanced Practice Nurse and Research
Chapter 17: The Advanced Practice Nurse: Holism and Complementary and Integrative Health
Approaches
Chapter 18: Basic Skills for Teaching and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 19: Culture as a Variable in Practice
Chapter 20: Conflict Resolution in Advanced Practice Nursing
Chapter 21: Leadership for APNs: If Not Now, When?
Chapter 22: Information Technology and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 23: Writing for Publication
Chapter 24: Measuring Advanced Practice Nurse Performance: Outcome Indicators, Models of
Evaluation and the Issue of Value
Chapter 25: Advanced Practice Registered Nurses: Accomplishments, Trends, and Future
Development
Chapter 26: Starting a Practice and Practice Management
Chapter 27: The Advanced Practice Nurse as Employee or Independent Contractor: Legal and
Contractual Considerations
Chapter 28: The Law, The Courts, and the Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
Chapter 29: Malpractice and the Advanced Practice Nurse
Chapter 30: Ethics and the Advanced Practice Nurse
,Chapter 1: Advanced Practice Nursing: Doing What Has to Be Done –
Radical,Renegades, and Rebels
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
1. Which change represents the primary impetus for the end of the era of the female lay
healer?
1. Perception of health promotion as an obligation
2. Development of a clinical nurse specialist position statement
3. Foundation of the American Association of Nurse-Midwives
4. Emergence of a medical establishment
Page: 4
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. Lay healers traditionally viewed their role as being a function
of their community obligations; however, theemerging medical
establishment viewed healing as a commodity. theemergence of a male
medical establishment represents theprimary impetus for theend of theera
of thefemale lay healer.
2. This is incorrect. theAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) position statementon
educational requirements for theclinical nurse specialist (CNS) was
developed in 1965; theANA’s position statement on therole of theCNS was
issued in 1976. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
the primary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer.
3. This is incorrect. theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was
founded in 1928. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
the primary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer.
4. This is correct. theemergence of a male medical establishment represents
theprimary impetus for theend of theera of thefemale lay healer. Whereas
lay healers viewed their role as being a function of their community
obligations, theemerging medical establishment viewed healing as a
commodity. theera of thefemale lay healer began and ended in the19th
century. theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM) was founded in
1928. theAmerican Nurses Association (ANA) position statement on
educational requirements for theclinical nurse specialist (CNS) was developed
in 1965; theANA’s position statement on therole of theCNS was issued in
1976.
2. thebeginning of modern nursing is traditionally considered to have begun with which
event?
1. Establishment of thefirst school of nursing
2. Incorporation of midwifery by thelay healer
3. Establishment of theFrontier Nursing Service (FNS)
4. Creation of theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives (AANM)
Answer: 1
,Pages: 4–5
Feedback
1. This is correct. Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in
1873, when thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened. therole of
thelay healer as a midwife is documented to have occurred in the19th century,
before theestablishment of schools of nursing. theFrontier NursingService
(FNS), which provided nurse-midwifery services, was established in 1925. In
1928, theKentucky State Association of Midwives, which was an outgrowth of
theFNS, became theAmerican Association of Nurse-Midwives
(AANM).
2. This is incorrect. therole of thelay healer as a midwife is documented to have
occurred in the19th century, before theestablishment of schools of nursing.
Traditionally, modern nursing is considered to have begun in 1873,
when thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. This is incorrect. theFrontier Nursing Service (FNS), which provided nurse-
midwifery services, was established in 1925. Traditionally, modern nursing is
considered to have begun in 1873, when thefirst three U.S. training schools
for nurses opened.
4. This is incorrect. In 1928, theKentucky State Association of Midwives, whichwas
an outgrowth of theFNS, became theAmerican Association of Nurse- Midwives
(AANM). Modern nursing is considered to have begun in 1873, at
which time thefirst three U.S. training schools for nurses opened.
3. In 1910, which factors most significantly influenced themidwifery profession? Select
all that apply.
1. Strict licensing requirements
2. Negative public perception
3. Dedicated funding for training
4. Poor maternal-child outcomes
5. Mandatory professional supervision
Answer: 2, 4
Pages: 6–7
Feedback
1. This is incorrect. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly
influenced by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as
unprofessional. Though legislation ultimately was passed to tighten
requirements related to licensing and supervision of midwives, in theearly
20th century, midwives were largely unregulated and generally perceived as
unprofessional.
, 2. This is correct. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly influenced
by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended by
midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
thenational population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
amongboth mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of thebirthing process, and a
movement awayfrom home births prompted major changes. Legislation was
passed to tightenrequirements related to licensing and supervision of
midwives. One aim of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
involved allotting funds to
train public health nurses in midwifery; however, thebill lapsed in 1929.
3. This is incorrect. Goals of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
included allocating funds to train public health nurses in midwifery, but
thebill lapsed in 1929. In 1910, poor maternal-child outcomes and a public
perception as unprofessional significantly influenced themidwifery
profession.
4. This is correct. In 1910, themidwifery profession was significantly influenced
by poor maternal-child outcomes and a public perception as unprofessional.
At that time, approximately 50% of all U.S. births were reportedly attended by
midwives. However, especially with regard to perinatal health indicators,
thenational population’s general health was poor. Unfavorable outcomes
amongboth mothers and infants were attributed to midwives who, at that
time, were largely unregulated and generally perceived as unprofessional.
Poor maternal-child outcomes, negative perceptions of midwives,
obstetricians’ targeted efforts to take control of thebirthing process, and a
movement awayfrom home births prompted major changes. Legislation was
passed to tightenrequirements related to licensing and supervision of
midwives. One aim of theSheppard-Towner Maternity and Infancy Act
involved allotting funds to
train public health nurses in midwifery; however, thebill lapsed in 1929.
5. This is incorrect. In 1910, themidwifery profession was largely unregulated.
Factors that influenced theprofession included poor maternal-child outcomes
and a public perception as unprofessional.
4. Which advanced practice nursing role is unique in that thepractitioners view theirrole
as comprising a combination of two distinct disciplines?
1. Nurse practitioner
2. Certified registered nurse anesthetist
3. Clinical nurse specialist
4. Certified nurse-midwife
