Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
Exam 1 Study Guide
Chapter 1:
1) Social psychology is defined as the scientific study of how people
A. motivate, persuade, and hurt one another.
B. think about, influence, and relate to one another.
C. manipulate, use, and betray one another.
D. conform, help, and form attitudes about one another.
2) The attributions a person makes for his or her spouse’s acid remark depends upon the
happiness of the marriage. What concept does this portray?
A. Social behavior is a function of what we believe.
B. Social behavior is a function of the objective situation.
C. Social behavior is a function of how a situation is construed.
D. Social behavior is a function of both the objective situation and how it is
construed.
3) Imagine you are approached by a large dog. You assume the dog is unfriendly, so
you start screaming at it to go away. The dog assumes you want to hurt it, so it
defends itself by biting your ankle. This is an example of a
A. self-fulfilling belief.
B. self-defacing belief.
C. self-defense belief.
D. self-worth belief.
4) Which of the following topics is NOT an example of what social psychologists study?
A. love
B. conformity
C. intelligence
D. attitudes
5) According to the text, social psychology is a(n) _ science, and one that only
began to emerge as a vibrant field after .
A. young; the 1960s
B. young; World War II
C. old; the 1930s
D. old; the turn of the century
6) The best statement about objective reality is
1
,Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. that it exists.
B. that it does not exist.
C. that we can all agree on an objective reality.
D. that reality is filtered by our values and beliefs.
7) According to Myers’ discussion of intuition, which statement is TRUE?
A. Our intuitions about ourselves are usually true.
B. Intuitions are carefully considered beliefs.
C. Intuition is both powerful and perilous.
D. Intuition is not important.
8) Which of the following is an example of how our attitudes and behaviors are shaped
by external social forces?
A. Our personality disposition affects our choices.
B. Our inherited human nature predisposes us to react in certain ways.
C. Our political attitudes influence our voting behavior.
D. Our standards regarding promptness, beauty, and equality vary with our culture.
9) Which of the following is FALSE?
A. Social psychologists use experimentation more than sociologists.
B. Social psychologists focus less on individual differences than personality
psychologists.
C. Sociologists focus more on groups than social psychologists.
D. Personality psychologists use experimentation more than social psychologists.
10) When explaining topics such as dating and mating, evolutionary psychologists
consider how natural selection might
A. predispose our attitudes.
B. change our attitudes.
C. account for similarities in our attitudes.
D. reinforce our attitudes.
11) Those who consider under-the-skin (i.e., biological) and between the skins
(i.e., social) influences on topics such as love and hate are referred to as
A. social biologists.
B. social neuroscientists.
C. social sociologists.
D. social anthropologists.
12) Myers points out that our social behavior is shaped by
2
,Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. our intelligence and learning.
B. our personal preferences.
C. how we were nurtured by our parents.
D. other people, our attitudes and personality, and our biology.
13) What is NOT true about how values affect social psychology?
A. Values influence the topics that are researched.
B. The values that people hold influence those entering the field of study.
C. Social psychology research shows us what to value.
D. Social psychologists are very interested in studying values.
14) Social representations are
A. value commitments within a culture.
B. intuitive ideas that prove to be true.
C. socially shared beliefs, including our assumptions and cultural ideologies.
D. stereotypes that are rooted in racism rather than in reality.
15) According to the text, values enter the work of social psychology when researchers
A. collect data for their studies.
B. present the results of their studies.
C. summarize their studies.
D. choose the topics of their studies.
16) Hastorf and Cantril (1954) found that Princeton students identified twice as many
Dartmouth violations as Dartmouth students did when each watched the game.
This emphasizes
A. humans’ tendency to prejudge reality based on expectations.
B. humans’ inability to be objective when watching sports.
C. football players’ brutality.
D. that humans are objective when watching sports.
17) The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of
people and transmitted from one generation to the next is referred to as
A. nationality.
B. race.
C. social representations.
D. culture.
18) Socially shared beliefs are widely held ideas and values, which include our
assumptions and cultural ideologies. This is a definition of
3
, Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. nationality.
B. race.
C. social representations.
D. culture.
19) Myers discusses how Maslow’s description of “self-actualized” people was based on
a sample he personally selected. Had he selected other people to describe, his ensuing
list of self-actualization characterizations may have been different. This is an example
of how values can influence
A. data.
B. results.
C. concepts.
D. methodology.
20) You ask your academic advisor what to major in, as you can’t seem to decide. She
suggests psychology; however, it is important to remember that this answer likely
reflects her
A. training.
B. education.
C. belief that you would make a good psychologist.
D. values.
21) Whether we label a woman as “ambitious” or “aggressive” is a reflection of our
A. gender.
B. values.
C. culture.
D. age.
22) Your decision to call someone a “terrorist” rather than a “freedom fighter” depends
on your view of the cause. This is an example of how values can influence not only
social psychology, but also
A. emotions.
B. actions.
C. intuitions.
D. everyday language.
23) Another name for the “I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon” is the
A. retrospective bias.
B. information bias.
C. prediction bias.
D. hindsight bias.
4
Exam 1 Study Guide
Chapter 1:
1) Social psychology is defined as the scientific study of how people
A. motivate, persuade, and hurt one another.
B. think about, influence, and relate to one another.
C. manipulate, use, and betray one another.
D. conform, help, and form attitudes about one another.
2) The attributions a person makes for his or her spouse’s acid remark depends upon the
happiness of the marriage. What concept does this portray?
A. Social behavior is a function of what we believe.
B. Social behavior is a function of the objective situation.
C. Social behavior is a function of how a situation is construed.
D. Social behavior is a function of both the objective situation and how it is
construed.
3) Imagine you are approached by a large dog. You assume the dog is unfriendly, so
you start screaming at it to go away. The dog assumes you want to hurt it, so it
defends itself by biting your ankle. This is an example of a
A. self-fulfilling belief.
B. self-defacing belief.
C. self-defense belief.
D. self-worth belief.
4) Which of the following topics is NOT an example of what social psychologists study?
A. love
B. conformity
C. intelligence
D. attitudes
5) According to the text, social psychology is a(n) _ science, and one that only
began to emerge as a vibrant field after .
A. young; the 1960s
B. young; World War II
C. old; the 1930s
D. old; the turn of the century
6) The best statement about objective reality is
1
,Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. that it exists.
B. that it does not exist.
C. that we can all agree on an objective reality.
D. that reality is filtered by our values and beliefs.
7) According to Myers’ discussion of intuition, which statement is TRUE?
A. Our intuitions about ourselves are usually true.
B. Intuitions are carefully considered beliefs.
C. Intuition is both powerful and perilous.
D. Intuition is not important.
8) Which of the following is an example of how our attitudes and behaviors are shaped
by external social forces?
A. Our personality disposition affects our choices.
B. Our inherited human nature predisposes us to react in certain ways.
C. Our political attitudes influence our voting behavior.
D. Our standards regarding promptness, beauty, and equality vary with our culture.
9) Which of the following is FALSE?
A. Social psychologists use experimentation more than sociologists.
B. Social psychologists focus less on individual differences than personality
psychologists.
C. Sociologists focus more on groups than social psychologists.
D. Personality psychologists use experimentation more than social psychologists.
10) When explaining topics such as dating and mating, evolutionary psychologists
consider how natural selection might
A. predispose our attitudes.
B. change our attitudes.
C. account for similarities in our attitudes.
D. reinforce our attitudes.
11) Those who consider under-the-skin (i.e., biological) and between the skins
(i.e., social) influences on topics such as love and hate are referred to as
A. social biologists.
B. social neuroscientists.
C. social sociologists.
D. social anthropologists.
12) Myers points out that our social behavior is shaped by
2
,Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. our intelligence and learning.
B. our personal preferences.
C. how we were nurtured by our parents.
D. other people, our attitudes and personality, and our biology.
13) What is NOT true about how values affect social psychology?
A. Values influence the topics that are researched.
B. The values that people hold influence those entering the field of study.
C. Social psychology research shows us what to value.
D. Social psychologists are very interested in studying values.
14) Social representations are
A. value commitments within a culture.
B. intuitive ideas that prove to be true.
C. socially shared beliefs, including our assumptions and cultural ideologies.
D. stereotypes that are rooted in racism rather than in reality.
15) According to the text, values enter the work of social psychology when researchers
A. collect data for their studies.
B. present the results of their studies.
C. summarize their studies.
D. choose the topics of their studies.
16) Hastorf and Cantril (1954) found that Princeton students identified twice as many
Dartmouth violations as Dartmouth students did when each watched the game.
This emphasizes
A. humans’ tendency to prejudge reality based on expectations.
B. humans’ inability to be objective when watching sports.
C. football players’ brutality.
D. that humans are objective when watching sports.
17) The enduring behaviors, ideas, attitudes, and traditions shared by a large group of
people and transmitted from one generation to the next is referred to as
A. nationality.
B. race.
C. social representations.
D. culture.
18) Socially shared beliefs are widely held ideas and values, which include our
assumptions and cultural ideologies. This is a definition of
3
, Exam 1 Study Guide (Ch. 1-4)
A. nationality.
B. race.
C. social representations.
D. culture.
19) Myers discusses how Maslow’s description of “self-actualized” people was based on
a sample he personally selected. Had he selected other people to describe, his ensuing
list of self-actualization characterizations may have been different. This is an example
of how values can influence
A. data.
B. results.
C. concepts.
D. methodology.
20) You ask your academic advisor what to major in, as you can’t seem to decide. She
suggests psychology; however, it is important to remember that this answer likely
reflects her
A. training.
B. education.
C. belief that you would make a good psychologist.
D. values.
21) Whether we label a woman as “ambitious” or “aggressive” is a reflection of our
A. gender.
B. values.
C. culture.
D. age.
22) Your decision to call someone a “terrorist” rather than a “freedom fighter” depends
on your view of the cause. This is an example of how values can influence not only
social psychology, but also
A. emotions.
B. actions.
C. intuitions.
D. everyday language.
23) Another name for the “I-knew-it-all-along phenomenon” is the
A. retrospective bias.
B. information bias.
C. prediction bias.
D. hindsight bias.
4
