1. The figure below represents a water molecule.
H
O
H
Water molecules are polar. As a result, they attract each other.
Draw a second water molecule on the figure above.
Your drawing should show:
• the bond(s) between the two molecules
• the name of the bond
• the charges on each atom.
[Total 3 marks]
2. Ponds provide a very stable environment for aquatic organisms.
Three properties of water that contribute to this stability are as follows:
• the density of water decreases as the temperature falls below 4 °C
so ice floats on the top of the pond
• it acts as a solvent for ions such as nitrates (NO3–)
• a large quantity of energy is required to raise the temperature of water by 1
°C.
Macmillan 1
Academy
, Explain how these three properties help organisms survive in the pond.
In your answer you should make clear the links between the behaviour of the water
molecules and the survival of the organisms.
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[Total 8 marks]
Macmillan 2
Academy
,3. Water is important in many biological reactions.
Complete the table below by writing an appropriate term next to each description.
descriptio ter
n m
the type of reaction that
occurs when water is
added to break a bond in a
molecule
the phosphate group of a
phospholipid that readily
attracts water molecules
[Total 2 marks]
4. The enzyme DHPS is involved in the production of folic acid in bacteria.
• The substrate for DHPS is a molecule known as PABA.
• The enzyme DHPS is inhibited by the drug sulfonamide.
The figure below shows the structure of PABA and that of sulfonamide.
H H
N
O
H O
O C
S
N N
H H H H
PA B A su lfo n a m id e
Macmillan 3
Academy
, (i) Diagrams X, Y and Z represent these enzyme molecules and their active
sites.
X Y Z
State the letter, X, Y or Z, that most accurately represents the
enzyme DHPS.
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[1]
(ii) Using the information in the figure above, explain why
sulfonamide acts as a competitive inhibitor of DHPS.
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[3]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan 4
Academy
H
O
H
Water molecules are polar. As a result, they attract each other.
Draw a second water molecule on the figure above.
Your drawing should show:
• the bond(s) between the two molecules
• the name of the bond
• the charges on each atom.
[Total 3 marks]
2. Ponds provide a very stable environment for aquatic organisms.
Three properties of water that contribute to this stability are as follows:
• the density of water decreases as the temperature falls below 4 °C
so ice floats on the top of the pond
• it acts as a solvent for ions such as nitrates (NO3–)
• a large quantity of energy is required to raise the temperature of water by 1
°C.
Macmillan 1
Academy
, Explain how these three properties help organisms survive in the pond.
In your answer you should make clear the links between the behaviour of the water
molecules and the survival of the organisms.
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..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
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[Total 8 marks]
Macmillan 2
Academy
,3. Water is important in many biological reactions.
Complete the table below by writing an appropriate term next to each description.
descriptio ter
n m
the type of reaction that
occurs when water is
added to break a bond in a
molecule
the phosphate group of a
phospholipid that readily
attracts water molecules
[Total 2 marks]
4. The enzyme DHPS is involved in the production of folic acid in bacteria.
• The substrate for DHPS is a molecule known as PABA.
• The enzyme DHPS is inhibited by the drug sulfonamide.
The figure below shows the structure of PABA and that of sulfonamide.
H H
N
O
H O
O C
S
N N
H H H H
PA B A su lfo n a m id e
Macmillan 3
Academy
, (i) Diagrams X, Y and Z represent these enzyme molecules and their active
sites.
X Y Z
State the letter, X, Y or Z, that most accurately represents the
enzyme DHPS.
...........................................................................................................
..............
[1]
(ii) Using the information in the figure above, explain why
sulfonamide acts as a competitive inhibitor of DHPS.
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[3]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan 4
Academy
