NCC EFM complete exam review 2022
late decelerations are mediated primarily by - ans is chemoreceptors
baseline - ans is fhr in a 10 min segment
tachycardia - ans is fhr >160
bradycardia - ans is fhr <110
variability - ans is variations in baseline absent-0
min <=5
mod 6-25
marked >25
no distinction is made between short term & long term variability because - ans is they
are visualized as a unit
acceleration - ans is abrupt increase <30 sec from baseline
acceleration in 32+ weeks gestation - ans is peak of at least 15 bpm and duration of 15
sec but < than 2 minutes
acceleration in < 32 weeks gestation - ans is peak of at least 10 bpm and duration 10
sec but < than 2 minutes
prolonged acceleration - ans is lasts >= 2 min but < than 10 min
base line change - ans is acceleration lasting >= 10 min
early - ans is gradual onset >= 30 seconds w contraction >= to nadar.
head compression...vagal response
late - ans is gradual onset >= 30 seconds to nadar
occur after contraction
variable - ans is abrupt onset <30 seconds to nadar
category 1 - ans is fht includes all of the following:
rate: 110-160
moderate variability
accelerations present or absent
0 late or variabile decelerations
early decelerations present or absent
category 2 - ans is all fht not category 1 or category 3
, category 3 - ans is fht includes at least one of the following:
absent variability with recurrent lates
absent variability with recurrent variables
absent variability with brady for 10 min
sinusoidal pattern for at least 20 min
sinusoidal pattern - ans is saw tooth >= 20 min
fever/infection - ans is tachycardia
decreased variability
medications - ans is depends on med but includes changes:
baseline
frequency and amplitude of accels
variability
sinusoidal pattern
hyperthyroidism - ans is tachycardia
decreased variability
fetal anemia - ans is sinusoidal pattern
tachycardia
fetal heart block - ans is bradycardia
decreased variability
fetal tachyarrhythemia - ans is variable degrees of tachycardia
decreased variability
congenital anomaly - ans is decreased variability
decelerations
preexisting neurologic abnormality - ans is decreased variability
absent accelerations
sleep cycle - ans is decreased varibility
reduced frequency
amplitude of accelerations
autonomic nervous system (carries signals to and from smooth muscles and glands:
sympathetic and parasympathetic) - ans is regulates fhr in response to fluctuations in
po2, pco2, and bp detected by chemoreceptors and baroreceptors (located in aortic
arch and carotid arteries)
sympathetic nervous system - ans is increase fhr (fight or flight, step on the gas)
late decelerations are mediated primarily by - ans is chemoreceptors
baseline - ans is fhr in a 10 min segment
tachycardia - ans is fhr >160
bradycardia - ans is fhr <110
variability - ans is variations in baseline absent-0
min <=5
mod 6-25
marked >25
no distinction is made between short term & long term variability because - ans is they
are visualized as a unit
acceleration - ans is abrupt increase <30 sec from baseline
acceleration in 32+ weeks gestation - ans is peak of at least 15 bpm and duration of 15
sec but < than 2 minutes
acceleration in < 32 weeks gestation - ans is peak of at least 10 bpm and duration 10
sec but < than 2 minutes
prolonged acceleration - ans is lasts >= 2 min but < than 10 min
base line change - ans is acceleration lasting >= 10 min
early - ans is gradual onset >= 30 seconds w contraction >= to nadar.
head compression...vagal response
late - ans is gradual onset >= 30 seconds to nadar
occur after contraction
variable - ans is abrupt onset <30 seconds to nadar
category 1 - ans is fht includes all of the following:
rate: 110-160
moderate variability
accelerations present or absent
0 late or variabile decelerations
early decelerations present or absent
category 2 - ans is all fht not category 1 or category 3
, category 3 - ans is fht includes at least one of the following:
absent variability with recurrent lates
absent variability with recurrent variables
absent variability with brady for 10 min
sinusoidal pattern for at least 20 min
sinusoidal pattern - ans is saw tooth >= 20 min
fever/infection - ans is tachycardia
decreased variability
medications - ans is depends on med but includes changes:
baseline
frequency and amplitude of accels
variability
sinusoidal pattern
hyperthyroidism - ans is tachycardia
decreased variability
fetal anemia - ans is sinusoidal pattern
tachycardia
fetal heart block - ans is bradycardia
decreased variability
fetal tachyarrhythemia - ans is variable degrees of tachycardia
decreased variability
congenital anomaly - ans is decreased variability
decelerations
preexisting neurologic abnormality - ans is decreased variability
absent accelerations
sleep cycle - ans is decreased varibility
reduced frequency
amplitude of accelerations
autonomic nervous system (carries signals to and from smooth muscles and glands:
sympathetic and parasympathetic) - ans is regulates fhr in response to fluctuations in
po2, pco2, and bp detected by chemoreceptors and baroreceptors (located in aortic
arch and carotid arteries)
sympathetic nervous system - ans is increase fhr (fight or flight, step on the gas)
