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Enfermedad de Chagas

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Infografía que resume la infección causada por el vector Tripanosoma cruzi, Tripanosomiasis americana, también llamada Enfermedad de Chagas o Enfermedad de los 5 megas

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Nadya Valeria Hernández Molina Grupo 203 Dra. Edith Molina

Enfermedad de Chagas
CARACTERÍSTICAS CICLO BIOLÓGICO EPIDEMIOLOGÍA
Tripanozoma cruzi
Familia: México:
tripanosomatídeos 90% Morelos
Parásito flagelado 16% Sur de México
Mundo:
Morfología Centroamérica
Epimastigote Suramérica
Amastigote
Tripomastigote

PATOGENIA E INMUNIDAD
COMPLICACIONES
Penetra células que circundan Miocardiopatía chagásica
el sitio de infección Figura 1. Ciclo biológico de Trypanosoma cruzi. Fuente: Becerril crónica
Pasa al torrente sangíneo Flores, Marco Antonio. Parasitología médica. 4a edición, McGraw.
México, D.F. 2011.

Alcanza células del huésped
(bazo, hígado y músculo MANIFESTACIONES CLÍNICAS
cardiaco) DX. LABORATORIO
Mecanismos lesivos: Fase aguda: Frotis sanguíneo
Daño directo Chagoma Cultivo
Teoría autoinmunitaria Signo de Romaña HA idirecta
Teoría neurógena Hepatomegalia y esplenomegalia,
fiebre, linfadenitis, dolor, astenia y Elisa
adinamia. Inmunofluorescencia
DX. DIFERENCIAL Fase indeterminada:
Fase aguda Fase crónica Fase silenciosa TRATAMIENTO
- Fiebre tifoidea - Insuficiencia cardiaca Puede extenderse hasta 20 años Nifurimox
- Esquistosomiasis - Cardiopatía reumática Fase crónica: Benznidazol
- Toxoplasmosis - Cardiopatía Después de 15-20 años Inhibición del desarrollo
- Mononucleosis congestiva idiopática Cardiomegalia crecimiento intracelular del parásito
infecciosa - Cardiomiopatía ventricular, estenosis mitral
- Paludismo dilatada Megaesófago y megacolon PREVENCIÓN
- Brucelosis
- Glomerulonefritis Insecticidas residuales
- Alergias Campañas de fumigación
- Mordeduras de
insectos
Sistemas de Dx. en bancos
de sangre
Vacunas solo se han probado
en modelos animales
Referencias:
Becerril Flores, Marco Antonio. Parasitología médica. 4a edición, McGraw. México, D.F. 2011
Figura 1. Ciclo biológico de Trypanosoma cruzi. Fuente: Becerril Flores, Marco Antonio. Parasitología médica. 4a edición, McGraw. México, D.F. 2011.
American Trypanosomiasis. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Sitio web: https://www.cdc.gov/dpdx/trypanosomiasisamerican/index.html

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