NCC Electronic Fetal Monitoring Certification Bio with complete solutions 2022
1. Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow?
a. Hypertension
b. Epidural
c. Hemorrhage
d. Diabetes
e. All of the above - e. All of the above
2. How does the fetus compensate for decreased maternal circulating volume?
a. Increases cardiac output by increasing stroke volume.
b. Increases cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
c. Increases cardiac output by increasing fetal movement. - b. Increases
cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
3. Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces:
a. A decrease in the heart rate
b. An increase in the heart rate
c. An increase in stroke volume
d. No change - a. A decrease in the heart rate
4. What initially causes a chemoreceptor response?
a. Epidurals
b. Supine maternal position
c. Increased CO2 levels
d. Decreased O2 levels
e. A & C
f. A & B
g. C & D - g. C & D
5. The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks. Its dominance results in
what effect to the FHR baseline?
a. Increases baseline
b. Decreases baseline - b. Decreases baseline
6. T/F: Oxygen exchange in the placenta takes place in the intervillous space. -
True
7. T/F: The parasympathetic nervous system is a cardioaccelerator. - False
8. T/F: Baroreceptors are stretch receptors which respond to increases or
decreases in blood pressure. - True
,9. T/F: There are two electronic fetal monitoring methods of obtaining the fetal heart
rate: the ultrasound transducer and the fetal spiral electrode. - True
10. T/F: Variability can be determined with the fetoscope. - False
11. T/F: Because the ultrasound transducer and toco transducer are sealed units,
they can be dipped in warm water to make cleaning easier. - False
12. T/F: The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system for fetal
heart rate is increased variability. - True
13. T/F: All fetal monitors contain a logic system designed to reject artifact. - True
14. T/F: The monitor should always be tested before starting a tracing, either
external or internal mode and labeled a test. - True
15. T/F: The paper speed on the fetal monitor should always be set at 1cm/min. -
False
16. T/F: Both internal and external monitoring methods are equally accurate means
of obtaining the fetal heart rate and contraction patterns. - False
17. T/F: The external toco is usually placed over the uterine fundus to pick up
contractions. - True
18. T/F: The external toco gives measurable uterine pressure. - False
19. T/F: The fetal spiral electrode can be placed when vaginal bleeding of unknown
origin is present. - False
20. T/F: The ultrasound transducer is usually placed on the side of the uterus over
the baby's back, as the fetal heart is heard best there. - True
21. T/F: The spiral electrode is used to more accurately determine the frequency,
duration, and intensity of uterine contractions. - False
22. T/F: The heart rate from a well-applied fetal spiral electrode can only be fetal, not
maternal. - False
23. T/F: The intrauterine catheter is used to pick up the fetal heart rate. - False
24. T/F: The internal spiral electrode may pick up the maternal heart rate if the baby
has died. - True
25. T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor
tracings. - True
,26. T/F: Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal and
external monitoring. - True
27. T/F: Variable decelerations are a result of cord compression. - True
28. T/F: The presence of FHR accelerations in the intrapartum and antepartum
periods is a sign of adequate fetal oxygenation. - True
29. T/F: Variable decelerations are a vagal response. - True
30. T/F: Late decelerations have a gradual decrease in FHR (onset to nadir 30
seconds) and are delayed in timing with the nadir of the deceleration occurring
after the peak of the contraction. - True
31. T/F: The fetal heart rate baseline can be determined during periods of marked
variability. - False
32. T/F: Anything that affects maternal blood flow (cardiac output) can affect the
blood flow through the placenta. - True
33. T/F: Variable decelerations are the most frequently seen fetal heart rate
deceleration pattern in labor. - True
34. T/F: Minimal variability is always an indicator of hypoxia and a Cesarean section
is indicated. - False
35. What is your first intervention in management of a patient experiencing variable
decelerations?
a. Immediate delivery
b. Change maternal position
c. No treatment indicated
d. Oxygen
e. Stop oxytocin infusion - b. Change maternal position
36. Etiology of a baseline FHR of 165bpm occurring for the last hour can be:
1. Maternal supine hypotension
2. Maternal fever
3. Maternal dehydration
4. Unknown
a. 1 and 2
b. 1, 2 and 3
c. 2, 3 and 4 - c. 2, 3 and 4
37. What is the most probable cause of recurrent late decelerations?
a. Utero-placental insufficiency
, b. Head compression
c. Cord compression
d. Maternal position change - a. Utero-placental insufficiency
38. The most prevalent risk factor associated with fetal death before the onset of
labor is:
a. Low socioeconomic status
b. Fetal malpresentation
c. Uteroplacental insufficiency
d. Uterine anomalies - c. Uteroplacental insufficiency
39. Which of the following is NOT used for antepartum fetal surveillance?
a. Fetal movement counting
b. Antepartum fetal heart rate testing
c. Biophysical profile testing
d. Maternal HCG levels - d. Maternal HCG levels
40. Which of the following conditions is not an indication for antepartum fetal
surveillance?
a. Gestational hypertension
b. Diabetes in pregnancy
c. Fetus in breech presentation
d. Decreased fetal movement - c. Fetus in breech presentation
41. Which of the following does not affect the degree of fetal activity?
a. Vibroacoustic stimulation
b. Smoking
c. Fetal position
d. Gestational age - a. Vibroacoustic stimulation
42. To be considered reactive, a nonstress test must have:
a. 4 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 20 minute window
b. 2 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 10 minute window
c. 4 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 40 minute window
d. 2 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 20 minute window - d. 2 fetal heart rate
accelerations in a 20 minute window
43. If a nonstress test is nonreactive after 40 minutes, the next step should be:
a. Have the client go home and do fetal movement counts
b. Do a biophysical profile or contraction stress test
c. Repeat the nonstress test within a week
d. Admit the client for delivery - b. Do a biophysical profile or contraction
stress test
44. All of the following are components of a biophysical profile except:
a. Contraction stress test
1. Which of the following factors can have a negative effect on uterine blood flow?
a. Hypertension
b. Epidural
c. Hemorrhage
d. Diabetes
e. All of the above - e. All of the above
2. How does the fetus compensate for decreased maternal circulating volume?
a. Increases cardiac output by increasing stroke volume.
b. Increases cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
c. Increases cardiac output by increasing fetal movement. - b. Increases
cardiac output by increasing it's heart rate.
3. Stimulating the vagus nerve typically produces:
a. A decrease in the heart rate
b. An increase in the heart rate
c. An increase in stroke volume
d. No change - a. A decrease in the heart rate
4. What initially causes a chemoreceptor response?
a. Epidurals
b. Supine maternal position
c. Increased CO2 levels
d. Decreased O2 levels
e. A & C
f. A & B
g. C & D - g. C & D
5. The vagus nerve begins maturation 26 to 28 weeks. Its dominance results in
what effect to the FHR baseline?
a. Increases baseline
b. Decreases baseline - b. Decreases baseline
6. T/F: Oxygen exchange in the placenta takes place in the intervillous space. -
True
7. T/F: The parasympathetic nervous system is a cardioaccelerator. - False
8. T/F: Baroreceptors are stretch receptors which respond to increases or
decreases in blood pressure. - True
,9. T/F: There are two electronic fetal monitoring methods of obtaining the fetal heart
rate: the ultrasound transducer and the fetal spiral electrode. - True
10. T/F: Variability can be determined with the fetoscope. - False
11. T/F: Because the ultrasound transducer and toco transducer are sealed units,
they can be dipped in warm water to make cleaning easier. - False
12. T/F: The most common artifact with the ultrasound transducer system for fetal
heart rate is increased variability. - True
13. T/F: All fetal monitors contain a logic system designed to reject artifact. - True
14. T/F: The monitor should always be tested before starting a tracing, either
external or internal mode and labeled a test. - True
15. T/F: The paper speed on the fetal monitor should always be set at 1cm/min. -
False
16. T/F: Both internal and external monitoring methods are equally accurate means
of obtaining the fetal heart rate and contraction patterns. - False
17. T/F: The external toco is usually placed over the uterine fundus to pick up
contractions. - True
18. T/F: The external toco gives measurable uterine pressure. - False
19. T/F: The fetal spiral electrode can be placed when vaginal bleeding of unknown
origin is present. - False
20. T/F: The ultrasound transducer is usually placed on the side of the uterus over
the baby's back, as the fetal heart is heard best there. - True
21. T/F: The spiral electrode is used to more accurately determine the frequency,
duration, and intensity of uterine contractions. - False
22. T/F: The heart rate from a well-applied fetal spiral electrode can only be fetal, not
maternal. - False
23. T/F: The intrauterine catheter is used to pick up the fetal heart rate. - False
24. T/F: The internal spiral electrode may pick up the maternal heart rate if the baby
has died. - True
25. T/F: Fetal arrhythmias can be seen on both internal and external monitor
tracings. - True
,26. T/F: Variability and periodic changes can be detected with both internal and
external monitoring. - True
27. T/F: Variable decelerations are a result of cord compression. - True
28. T/F: The presence of FHR accelerations in the intrapartum and antepartum
periods is a sign of adequate fetal oxygenation. - True
29. T/F: Variable decelerations are a vagal response. - True
30. T/F: Late decelerations have a gradual decrease in FHR (onset to nadir 30
seconds) and are delayed in timing with the nadir of the deceleration occurring
after the peak of the contraction. - True
31. T/F: The fetal heart rate baseline can be determined during periods of marked
variability. - False
32. T/F: Anything that affects maternal blood flow (cardiac output) can affect the
blood flow through the placenta. - True
33. T/F: Variable decelerations are the most frequently seen fetal heart rate
deceleration pattern in labor. - True
34. T/F: Minimal variability is always an indicator of hypoxia and a Cesarean section
is indicated. - False
35. What is your first intervention in management of a patient experiencing variable
decelerations?
a. Immediate delivery
b. Change maternal position
c. No treatment indicated
d. Oxygen
e. Stop oxytocin infusion - b. Change maternal position
36. Etiology of a baseline FHR of 165bpm occurring for the last hour can be:
1. Maternal supine hypotension
2. Maternal fever
3. Maternal dehydration
4. Unknown
a. 1 and 2
b. 1, 2 and 3
c. 2, 3 and 4 - c. 2, 3 and 4
37. What is the most probable cause of recurrent late decelerations?
a. Utero-placental insufficiency
, b. Head compression
c. Cord compression
d. Maternal position change - a. Utero-placental insufficiency
38. The most prevalent risk factor associated with fetal death before the onset of
labor is:
a. Low socioeconomic status
b. Fetal malpresentation
c. Uteroplacental insufficiency
d. Uterine anomalies - c. Uteroplacental insufficiency
39. Which of the following is NOT used for antepartum fetal surveillance?
a. Fetal movement counting
b. Antepartum fetal heart rate testing
c. Biophysical profile testing
d. Maternal HCG levels - d. Maternal HCG levels
40. Which of the following conditions is not an indication for antepartum fetal
surveillance?
a. Gestational hypertension
b. Diabetes in pregnancy
c. Fetus in breech presentation
d. Decreased fetal movement - c. Fetus in breech presentation
41. Which of the following does not affect the degree of fetal activity?
a. Vibroacoustic stimulation
b. Smoking
c. Fetal position
d. Gestational age - a. Vibroacoustic stimulation
42. To be considered reactive, a nonstress test must have:
a. 4 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 20 minute window
b. 2 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 10 minute window
c. 4 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 40 minute window
d. 2 fetal heart rate accelerations in a 20 minute window - d. 2 fetal heart rate
accelerations in a 20 minute window
43. If a nonstress test is nonreactive after 40 minutes, the next step should be:
a. Have the client go home and do fetal movement counts
b. Do a biophysical profile or contraction stress test
c. Repeat the nonstress test within a week
d. Admit the client for delivery - b. Do a biophysical profile or contraction
stress test
44. All of the following are components of a biophysical profile except:
a. Contraction stress test
