Forensic Psychology 2022 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Forensic Psychology 2022 True or False: Criminal Profiling Steps -Connect Data /Organize Data/ Reconstruct the behavior of victim and offender Formulate initial description of most likely suspect Correct Answer: True What are the three steps involved in criminal profiling? PI, DPM, CA Correct Answer: profiling inputs, decision process models, crime assessment first stage involves collecting all information available about the crime. -steps in criminal profiling Correct Answer: profiling inputs profiler organizes the input. -steps in criminal profiling DPM Correct Answer: decision process models on the basis of the findings in step 2, the profiler attempts to reconstruct the behavior of the offender and the victim. -steps in criminal profiling ca Correct Answer: crime assessment more radical reform would reconceptualize the fundamental nature of police interrogations. Researchers have found that the nonconfrontational U.K.-type interviews produce fewer false confessions and more true confessions than accusatory interrogations. Correct Answer: reforming system to prevent false confessions Interrogation Itself: Correct Answer: During the interrogation itself, police uses _________ incentives and positive __________. Correct Answer: negative, positive -used during interrogation to break someone down- attack/accuse the suspect, instill feelings of fear Correct Answer: negative incentives used during interrogation to try to try to motivate the suspect to show the admission is in their best interest Correct Answer: positive inducements used during interrogation; accusations, evidence fabrications, attacks on the subject's denials) to break down a suspect's defenses, lower his or her resistance, and instill feelings of fear, despair, and powerlessness. ni Correct Answer: negative incentives used during interrogation; motivate the suspect to see that an admission is in his or her best interest. Correct Answer: positiveinducments After the suspect has implicitly or explicitly agreed to talk, the interrogation becomes ___________. -Interrogators frequently challenge denials that suspects make. -Interrogators present __________ ____________. Even if interrogators have no evidence of suspects' wrongdoing, they can make them believe that they do. Correct Answer: accusatorial, fabricated evidence interrogators have no evidence of suspects' wrongdoing, they can make them believe that they do. I have you on video and we can show you in the back" - Make up evidence to see their reaction Correct Answer: fabricated evidence After the suspect agrees to talk, then you begin to __________ the suspect. Correct Answer: accuse : looking for certain behavior and find behaviors that confirm that belief ; See what you wanna see Once someone confesses, you see everything in that light Correct Answer: behavioral confirmation An Empirical Look at Interrogation Tactics True or False: Innocent people waive their Miranda rights, how interrogators' presumption of guilt affects the nature of the questioning. The detective's presumption of guilt can lead to behavioral confirmation. The detective will seek out information that verifies that belief, overlook conflicting data, and behave in a manner that conforms to the belief. . In turn, the suspect behaves in ways that support that belief. Correct Answer: True detective will seek out information that verifies that belief, overlook conflicting data, and behave in a manner that conforms to the belief. ; Correct Answer: behavioral confirmation -Recording all police interrogations can provide a complete, objective, and reviewable record of how the suspect was questioned. -Recording can deter manipulative tactics by investigators and frivolous claims of coercion by defendants. -Several states and the federal government require video-recording, and hundreds of other jurisdictions voluntarily record interrogations. Correct Answer: reforming the system to prevent false confessions TRUE OR FALSE: reforming the system to prevent false confessions -Note that Lassiter and his colleagues (e.g., 2009) found that when the camera is focused on the suspect, observers are more likely to judge the confession as voluntary, compared with the same confession recorded from a different camera perspective. -This is an example of illusory causation, the tendency to attribute causation to one stimulus because it is more conspicuous than others. -When the recording shows both the suspect and the interrogator, observers