Forensic Psychology EXAM 2022 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

Forensic Psychology EXAM 2022 Forensic Psychologist Correct Answer: -supposed to be objective -the expert opinion of psychologists or psychiatrists on the issue of competency are highly valued -provide services when they are court ordered -when they are retained by the or prosecution -in areas of specialized knowledge or experience -Forensic Psychology is the "professional practice by any psychologist working within a sub discipline of psychology (e.g., clinical, developmental, social, cognitive) when applying the scientific, technical, or specialized knowledge of psychology to the law to assist in addressing legal, contractual, and administrative matters." Court cases that created the basis for forensic psychology Correct Answer: -practiced since early 1900s but APA recognized it as a specialty in 2001 -brown v. board of education (1954) where the supreme court relied on psychological research concerning the effects of segregation on school children -jenkins v. united states (1962) where the court of appeals for the district of columbia indicated that a psychologist could serve as an expert regarding diagnosing mental health issues something that was previously limited to physicians Competency to Stand Trial CST (chapter 1) Correct Answer: -Cited as an issue since 1736 in England Due process rights Correct Answer: -right to a fair and speedy trial 5 competency standards Correct Answer: Competency to Waive Rights (attorney, confess, etc.) Competency to be Executed Competency to Testify Competency to be Sentenced Competency to Stand Trial Competency vs Sanity Correct Answer: -competency refers only to a defendant's present ability to function Forensic psychologists have an obligation to help the side (prosecution or defense) who hired them Correct Answer: false The Insanity Defense is raised in 1% of cases and is successful in 25% of the 1% Correct Answer: true An expert witness may offer his or her opinion on a substantive (essential or key) issue related to the facts of the case Correct Answer: true he Ultimate Issue refers to the final opinion presented by the forensic psychologist based on his or her evaluation of the evidence Correct Answer: false Andrea Yates was the first forensic psychiatrist in England 1738 who began illustrating the complicated issue of incarcerating and executing mentally ill or intellectually challenged individuals Correct Answer: false Forensic psychology provide services... Correct Answer: • Only when they are court ordered • Only when they are retained by the defense or prosecution • Only in areas of specialized knowledge or experience • ALL OF THE ABOVE Four areas of consultation for forensic psychologist include the following: Correct Answer: • Jury selection, expert witness, intellectual disability and the death penalty, and criminal mitigation LRA stands for... Correct Answer: • Least restrictive alternative Dr. Martha Smith is seeing an 11-year old child in therapy when the child's parents decide to divorce. The child's father asks Dr. Smith to conduct a child custody evaluation... Correct Answer: • This is a bad idea and an ethical violation because it creates a dual relationship between Dr. Smith and the child A peremptory challenge is when... Correct Answer: • Attorney dismiss a prospective juror without giving a reason Who has the final say in determining an expert witness' admissibility? Correct Answer: • The judge Which decision or law states that a judge must determine if expert testimony is relevant, reliable, and likely to assist the Trier of Fact? Correct Answer: • Daubert vs. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals (1993) CSI effect is the following... Correct Answer: • What contributed to the outcome of the Casey Anthony trial • When the jury thinks scientific evidence has to be present and clear • Moves the burden of proof to beyond all doubt An ethical conflict between the legal system and psychology is that the legal system takes... Correct Answer: • An adversarial approach Which of the following is permitted to present opinions as part of testimony? Correct Answer: • Expert witness A distinction between ethical principles for psychologist and ethical principles for lawyers... Correct Answer: • Lawyers serve as an advocate and psychologists should be objective Process of victim /offender mediation programs... Correct Answer: • Victim or offender referred, assigned an unbiased mediator, joint meeting follow up McNaughton Correct Answer: -NGRI -regarded as the historical origin of the insanity defense -he shot and killed the british prime minister's secretary -the jury found him to be insane at the time he committed the offense and acquitted him of the charges -very controversial -the first official test to determine a defendants insanity was developed out of these proceedings Daubert Correct Answer: expert testimony Dusky Correct Answer: competency Federal Rule of Evidence 703 Correct Answer: Heresay -indicates that that evidence presented by mental health professionals in the legal setting must be reasonably relied upon by professionals in the field Federal Rule of Evidence 701 Correct Answer: Fact witness Tarasoff Correct Answer: warning victim of threat -requires therapists to take preventative measures if any reasonable therapist would believe that their client is likely to harm an identifiable victim in the near future What are the five competency standards mentioned during lecture? Correct Answer: • 1. Competency to waive rights • 2. Competency to be executed • 3. Competency to testify • 4. Competency to stand trial • 5. Competency to be sentenced What are the five steps to an NGRI evaluation? Correct Answer: • 1. Mental disease/defect • 2. Offensive conduct • 3. Collateral data from time of the offense • 4. Collateral data from subsequent proceedings • 5. Create timelines, maps, pictures of the offense conduct "The criminal justice system is not fair, only just" Correct Answer: o Not everyone will receive the same outcome for their case, but everyone has the right to receive a just trial • Malingering Correct Answer: o Exaggerating or fabricating symptoms of mental illness for the purpose of some secondary gain o Used in criminal cases to avoid prosecution or lengthy sentences • Ultimate Issue Correct Answer: o The ultimate legal question that must be decided by the court o Ex: whether or not the defendant's mental state at the time of the offense would reach the level of impairment necessary to qualify for a successful NGRI verdict • Trier of Fact Correct Answer: o Person/people who ultimately decides on the ultimate issue o Depending on the case, it is either the judge or the jury • Informed consent Correct Answer: o Does the defendant understand the pros/cons of what happened? o Can he/she paraphrase it back to you? • Challenge for cause Correct Answer: o A potential juror can be challenged for cause based on the following five criteria: • They don't meet minimal juror requirements • They are incapable of being impartial • They have a mental or physical disability that leaves them incapable of serving • They adhere to beliefs preventing them to find the defendant guilty • They've had a previous interaction with the defendant or are related to either an attorney or the defendant • Competence Correct Answer: o Must present an ability to consult with ones attorney with a reasonable degree of rational understanding o Must have a rational and factual understanding of the proceedings against him/her • Relationships Correct Answer: o Psychologists must not accept cases where previous relationships could make them bias, such as dual relationships • Adversarial system Correct Answer: o A legal system used where two advocates represent their parties' positions before a jury or judge, who attempt to determine the truth of the case • GBMI Correct Answer: o Guilty but Mentally Ill o Offers an alternative to NGRI verdicts o With a GBMI verdict, an individual is found guilty but their treatment must be taken into account -go to hospital inside prison