Biology 101, Exam 2
Three cell parts found in all cells? correct answer- DNA, plasma membrane, and
cytoplasm or ribosomes
What is the cell theory? correct answer- The cell is the basic unit of life, all living things
are made up of one or more cells, and all cells come from the reproduction of other cells
Cells that do not have a nucleus are: correct answer- prokaryotes
DNA in bacterial/prokaryotic cells forms a: correct answer- circle
DNA in eukaryotic cells are: correct answer- linear
Why are cells small? correct answer- Cells do not get very large because the surface
area to volume ratio must be high to allow for the ready exchange of materials in and
out of the cell
What three cell parts are found ONLY in plant cells? correct answer- cell wall,
chloroplasts, and the large/central vacuole
What is Endosymbiosis? correct answer- The theory that some prokaryotic cells
engulfed other prokaryotic cells thus forming membrane-bound structures (like
mitochondria or chloroplasts) and ultimately giving rise to eukaryotic cells
What is the organelle site of the reaction called CELLULAR RESPIRATION in
eukaryotic cells? correct answer- Mitochondria
What do you call the site of PROTEIN and LIPID SYNTHESIS in eukaryotic cells is an
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM? correct answer- the Endoplasmic Reticulum
What can you find in the nucleus? correct answer- the nucleolus and DNA
How can you distinguish between the ROUGH E.R. and the SMOOTH E.R.? correct
answer- the presence of RIBOSOMES in the rough E.R.
What are the three structures that enable cells to move? correct answer- cilia, flagella,
and psuedopods
What is found within the CHLOROPLASTS and is the site of PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
correct answer- thylakoids
, What are the folds within the MITOCHONDRIA called? correct answer- cristae
What are cytoplasmic bridges found between PLANT cells? (holes in the CELL WALL)
correct answer- plasmodesmata
What are the cytoplasmic bridges found between ANIMAL cells? (openings in the CELL
MEMBRANES) correct answer- gap junctions
Which organelle contains DIGESTIVE ENZYMES? correct answer- the lysosome
The lysosome is produced by the pinching off of portions of the membranes of the:
correct answer- Golgi bodies/apparatus
What is the site of PROTEIN SYNTHESIS? correct answer- Ribosomes
What is the largest CYTOSKELETON component? correct answer- the microtubules
What are the structures involved in CELL MOVEMENT that are made up of "9+2"
microtubules? correct answer- Cilia and Flagella
What are the pair of structures that are made up of 9 triplets of microtubules? correct
answer- the centrioles
Centrioles are involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division and found
only in: correct answer- Animal cells
Describe the make-up of a CELL MEMBRANE correct answer- The cell membrane is
made of a bilayer of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, with PROTEINS floating in them
Describe a PHOSPHOLIPID correct answer- The hydrophilic PHOSPHATE HEADS
face outward while the hydrophobic FATTY ACID TAILS face inward
What is the simplest type of passive transport across the membrane? What does it do?
correct answer- diffusion
it allows the passage of non polar molecules across phospholipids
What are two non polar molecules that pass across phospholipids? correct answer-
Carbon DiOxide (CO2) and Oxygen (O2)
If a protein is involved in passive transport across the membrane then the process is
called: correct answer- facilitated diffusion
If molecules taken into the cell go from a Low concentration of that substance outside
the cell to a High concentration ([L] to [H]) inside the cell through a carrier protein, then
what is the process called? And what does it need for energy? correct answer- It is
called ACTIVE transport and needs ATP for energy
Three cell parts found in all cells? correct answer- DNA, plasma membrane, and
cytoplasm or ribosomes
What is the cell theory? correct answer- The cell is the basic unit of life, all living things
are made up of one or more cells, and all cells come from the reproduction of other cells
Cells that do not have a nucleus are: correct answer- prokaryotes
DNA in bacterial/prokaryotic cells forms a: correct answer- circle
DNA in eukaryotic cells are: correct answer- linear
Why are cells small? correct answer- Cells do not get very large because the surface
area to volume ratio must be high to allow for the ready exchange of materials in and
out of the cell
What three cell parts are found ONLY in plant cells? correct answer- cell wall,
chloroplasts, and the large/central vacuole
What is Endosymbiosis? correct answer- The theory that some prokaryotic cells
engulfed other prokaryotic cells thus forming membrane-bound structures (like
mitochondria or chloroplasts) and ultimately giving rise to eukaryotic cells
What is the organelle site of the reaction called CELLULAR RESPIRATION in
eukaryotic cells? correct answer- Mitochondria
What do you call the site of PROTEIN and LIPID SYNTHESIS in eukaryotic cells is an
ENDOMEMBRANE SYSTEM? correct answer- the Endoplasmic Reticulum
What can you find in the nucleus? correct answer- the nucleolus and DNA
How can you distinguish between the ROUGH E.R. and the SMOOTH E.R.? correct
answer- the presence of RIBOSOMES in the rough E.R.
What are the three structures that enable cells to move? correct answer- cilia, flagella,
and psuedopods
What is found within the CHLOROPLASTS and is the site of PHOTOSYNTHESIS?
correct answer- thylakoids
, What are the folds within the MITOCHONDRIA called? correct answer- cristae
What are cytoplasmic bridges found between PLANT cells? (holes in the CELL WALL)
correct answer- plasmodesmata
What are the cytoplasmic bridges found between ANIMAL cells? (openings in the CELL
MEMBRANES) correct answer- gap junctions
Which organelle contains DIGESTIVE ENZYMES? correct answer- the lysosome
The lysosome is produced by the pinching off of portions of the membranes of the:
correct answer- Golgi bodies/apparatus
What is the site of PROTEIN SYNTHESIS? correct answer- Ribosomes
What is the largest CYTOSKELETON component? correct answer- the microtubules
What are the structures involved in CELL MOVEMENT that are made up of "9+2"
microtubules? correct answer- Cilia and Flagella
What are the pair of structures that are made up of 9 triplets of microtubules? correct
answer- the centrioles
Centrioles are involved in the movement of chromosomes during cell division and found
only in: correct answer- Animal cells
Describe the make-up of a CELL MEMBRANE correct answer- The cell membrane is
made of a bilayer of PHOSPHOLIPIDS, with PROTEINS floating in them
Describe a PHOSPHOLIPID correct answer- The hydrophilic PHOSPHATE HEADS
face outward while the hydrophobic FATTY ACID TAILS face inward
What is the simplest type of passive transport across the membrane? What does it do?
correct answer- diffusion
it allows the passage of non polar molecules across phospholipids
What are two non polar molecules that pass across phospholipids? correct answer-
Carbon DiOxide (CO2) and Oxygen (O2)
If a protein is involved in passive transport across the membrane then the process is
called: correct answer- facilitated diffusion
If molecules taken into the cell go from a Low concentration of that substance outside
the cell to a High concentration ([L] to [H]) inside the cell through a carrier protein, then
what is the process called? And what does it need for energy? correct answer- It is
called ACTIVE transport and needs ATP for energy
