BIO 101 Exam 1
What is Biology? Answer- Study of life; encompasses everything
-biomolecular biology and technology have brought around a new era for biology
What are the major characteristics of Life? Answer- 1) reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose
nucleic acid); double helix shape; stores genetic info)
2) Cellular respiration (used to create energy) (metabolism; need it to perform basic
functions of life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats, vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times traits of organizations)
modified
4) Growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) cells (basic building blocks of life; need only one to be considered living)
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in order to survive)
What is a cell? Answer- - basic building blocks of life
- not always apparent; first seen with a microscope
- cells were discovered by Hook in 1655
- first cells discovered were from cork
- theory wasn't generally accepted due to the challenge of trying to convince people of
this drastic change
What is cell theory? Answer- - proposed in 1800's
- Lowest level of structure performs all characteristics of life
- arise from previously existing cells
What is metabolism? Answer- - energy breakdown; needed for food
- glucose is the "best"
- C6H12O6 (formula for glucose)
- breaks (catabolic reaction) down to carbon dioxide and water [ CO2 + H2O]
Difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions? Answer- - anabolic- building up of
molecules, etc.
- ie: anabolic steroids (build up muscle)
- catabolic- breaking down of molecules
Bean Beetle Lab Answer- - learn how to determine if alive or dead
- if alive, beetles should be giving off carbon dioxide
- if dead, bean beetles may be giving off CO2 but only
because the decomposition process
- CO2 measured in ppm
- calculate amount per bean beetle
, x (ppm)/ number of bb = ppm/bb
every 15 mins = [x / # of bb] / 15
every 1 hour = [x/ #of bb] x 4
every sec = [x / # of bb] / 60
- used loggerpro prgm; used CO2 probe
Are viruses alive? Answer- - depends on what you argue
- relies on a host cell to reproduce
What is science? Answer- - latin "to know"
- asking questions about nature
- believe questions can be answered
Steps of the Scientific Method Answer- 1) Make an Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
Control in a experiment Answer- - must always have a control
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
What is a scientific theory? Answer- - not just an explanation for something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed, etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
pH Answer- - measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc. are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of defense against predators
Who is Francesco Redi? Answer- - conducted first "controlled" experiment
- tested whether life could arise spontaneously
- living things vs. biogenesis (came from life)
- took 4 different animals and used a control group (covered it from flies)
- findings were not accepted at first; idea of spontaneous life did not go away until
Pasteur
Microscopes Answer- - windows to the world of cells
What is Biology? Answer- Study of life; encompasses everything
-biomolecular biology and technology have brought around a new era for biology
What are the major characteristics of Life? Answer- 1) reproduction (DNA (deoxyribose
nucleic acid); double helix shape; stores genetic info)
2) Cellular respiration (used to create energy) (metabolism; need it to perform basic
functions of life; food (carbs, proteins, lipids/fats, vitamins/minerals)
3) adaptation/evolve (over large periods of times traits of organizations)
modified
4) Growth and development (DNA lays out the "plan")
5) organization (very specific; organization of organs/structure)
6) cells (basic building blocks of life; need only one to be considered living)
7) respond (response to stimuli (light, touch, heat, etc.); need in order to survive)
What is a cell? Answer- - basic building blocks of life
- not always apparent; first seen with a microscope
- cells were discovered by Hook in 1655
- first cells discovered were from cork
- theory wasn't generally accepted due to the challenge of trying to convince people of
this drastic change
What is cell theory? Answer- - proposed in 1800's
- Lowest level of structure performs all characteristics of life
- arise from previously existing cells
What is metabolism? Answer- - energy breakdown; needed for food
- glucose is the "best"
- C6H12O6 (formula for glucose)
- breaks (catabolic reaction) down to carbon dioxide and water [ CO2 + H2O]
Difference between anabolic and catabolic reactions? Answer- - anabolic- building up of
molecules, etc.
- ie: anabolic steroids (build up muscle)
- catabolic- breaking down of molecules
Bean Beetle Lab Answer- - learn how to determine if alive or dead
- if alive, beetles should be giving off carbon dioxide
- if dead, bean beetles may be giving off CO2 but only
because the decomposition process
- CO2 measured in ppm
- calculate amount per bean beetle
, x (ppm)/ number of bb = ppm/bb
every 15 mins = [x / # of bb] / 15
every 1 hour = [x/ #of bb] x 4
every sec = [x / # of bb] / 60
- used loggerpro prgm; used CO2 probe
Are viruses alive? Answer- - depends on what you argue
- relies on a host cell to reproduce
What is science? Answer- - latin "to know"
- asking questions about nature
- believe questions can be answered
Steps of the Scientific Method Answer- 1) Make an Observation
2) Ask a question
3) Form a Hypothesis ("if, then" statement)
- accept (agree with conclusions)
- reject (disagree, continue testing)
4) Exeperimental Design/ testing
5) Form a conclusion
Control in a experiment Answer- - must always have a control
- does not have variables
- does not change; will not be affected
What is a scientific theory? Answer- - not just an explanation for something
- has been developed/tested/scrutinized/challenged/ reviewed, etc.
- generally accepted by whole scientific community
- ie: theory of gravity, atomic theory of matter
pH Answer- - measures acids and bases
- scale from 0-14
-acids ( H+ ions): range from 0-6/7
-neutral : 7
- basic (OH- ions) 7/8-14
- most of what we eat or drink is acidic; household cleaners, etc. are most likely basic
- plants tend to use basic compunds as a means of defense against predators
Who is Francesco Redi? Answer- - conducted first "controlled" experiment
- tested whether life could arise spontaneously
- living things vs. biogenesis (came from life)
- took 4 different animals and used a control group (covered it from flies)
- findings were not accepted at first; idea of spontaneous life did not go away until
Pasteur
Microscopes Answer- - windows to the world of cells
