USMLE World Practice Test 1
ARDS - Answer Damage to the endothelial cells lining the pulmonary capillaries
adjacent to the alveoli due to inflammatory cytokines and neutrophils (DAD) -->
Proliferation of type II pneumocytes --> Final fibrotic phase
Defined as acute lung dysfxn, pulmonary edema, normal left atrial pressure, and a
PaO2/FiO2 of <200
Caused by Trauma, pulmonary contusions, infection/sepsis, and fat embolism
Analgesic abuse nephropathy - Answer Characterized by marked thickening of the vasa
recta capillaries and intermittent tubular necrosis. Eventually, papillary necrosis, focal
and segmental glomeruloscelrosis and interstitial infiltration and fibrosis can occur
Paget's disease malignancy - Answer Osteosarcoma, arising in the femur, tibia and
humerus
Osteosarcoma Xray - Answer Destruction of normal trabecular bone pattern, mixed
radio dense and radiolucent areas, periosteal new bone formation, lifting of the cortex
and Codman's triangle. Adjacent soft tissue usually demonstrates ossification in a
"sunburst" pattern
"mixed lysis and sclerosis with focal periosteal elevation and reactive new bone
formation"
Avascular necrosis Xray - Answer Pathognomonic crescent sign indicating subchondral
collapse
Globus hystericus - Answer Aka globus sensation or "lump in the throat"
Emotions commonly as the trigger
A/w GERD, upper esophageal sphincter abnormalities, achalasia, psychiatric disorders
and stress
Retrosternal goiter - Answer One/both of the thyroid lobes grow into the thoracic cavity
inlet
Pseudobulbar paresis - Answer Caused by conditions such as multiple sclerosis
Characterized by dysarthria, dysphagia, dysphonia and impaired movement of the
tongue and facial muscles
Normal urate crystals have a protective coating of... - Answer ApoE or ApoB
Joint infection with bacteria and neutrophils - Answer Acute suppurative arthritis
, Joint infection with mycobacteria and caveating granulomas - Answer Tuberculous
arthritis
Joint infection with spirochetes - Answer Lyme disease
Pathogenesis of endometriosis - Answer 1. Retrograde menstruation
2. Lymphatic and vascular spread
3. Coelomic metaplasia
Leiomyoma histology - Answer Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles with
intervening connective tissue
DNA laddering - Answer The appearance of DNA fragments in multiples of 180 base
pairs on gel electrophoresis.
A sensitive indicator of apoptosis
Due to endonuclease action during karyorrhexis
Contact inhibition - Answer The phenomenon whereby cell division halts in G1 in
response to contact on all sides by other cells
Atropine - Answer Competitive inhibitor of acetylcholine-like agents, acting at the
muscarinic receptors of smooth muscle cells
Vasomotor rhinitis - Answer Chronic nasal congestion that worsens with abrupt changes
in temperature or humidity or with exposure to odors or alcohol.
Headaches, anosmia and sinusitis
Location of action on the penis of PDE5 inhibitors - Answer Relaxation of the smooth
muscle cells that surround the cavernous venous sinuses of the corpora cavernosa
Produce a bicarbonate-rich fluid in response to stimulation - Answer Exocrine pancreas
Epithelial cells of the biliary tract
Mechanism of alkalization of the pancreatic fluid - Answer Action of the
chloride/bicarbonate ion exchange proteins in the apical surfaces of pancreatic ductal
cells
Passage of ions within the salivary ducts - Answer Na and Cl are reabsorbed
K and HCO3 are secreted
When salivary glands are maximally stimulated, however, the concentrations of all these
ions return to values near plasma concentration.
Schizophrenia symptoms - Answer >=2 of the following:
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/behavior or negative symptoms
>6 mos long
ARDS - Answer Damage to the endothelial cells lining the pulmonary capillaries
adjacent to the alveoli due to inflammatory cytokines and neutrophils (DAD) -->
Proliferation of type II pneumocytes --> Final fibrotic phase
Defined as acute lung dysfxn, pulmonary edema, normal left atrial pressure, and a
PaO2/FiO2 of <200
Caused by Trauma, pulmonary contusions, infection/sepsis, and fat embolism
Analgesic abuse nephropathy - Answer Characterized by marked thickening of the vasa
recta capillaries and intermittent tubular necrosis. Eventually, papillary necrosis, focal
and segmental glomeruloscelrosis and interstitial infiltration and fibrosis can occur
Paget's disease malignancy - Answer Osteosarcoma, arising in the femur, tibia and
humerus
Osteosarcoma Xray - Answer Destruction of normal trabecular bone pattern, mixed
radio dense and radiolucent areas, periosteal new bone formation, lifting of the cortex
and Codman's triangle. Adjacent soft tissue usually demonstrates ossification in a
"sunburst" pattern
"mixed lysis and sclerosis with focal periosteal elevation and reactive new bone
formation"
Avascular necrosis Xray - Answer Pathognomonic crescent sign indicating subchondral
collapse
Globus hystericus - Answer Aka globus sensation or "lump in the throat"
Emotions commonly as the trigger
A/w GERD, upper esophageal sphincter abnormalities, achalasia, psychiatric disorders
and stress
Retrosternal goiter - Answer One/both of the thyroid lobes grow into the thoracic cavity
inlet
Pseudobulbar paresis - Answer Caused by conditions such as multiple sclerosis
Characterized by dysarthria, dysphagia, dysphonia and impaired movement of the
tongue and facial muscles
Normal urate crystals have a protective coating of... - Answer ApoE or ApoB
Joint infection with bacteria and neutrophils - Answer Acute suppurative arthritis
, Joint infection with mycobacteria and caveating granulomas - Answer Tuberculous
arthritis
Joint infection with spirochetes - Answer Lyme disease
Pathogenesis of endometriosis - Answer 1. Retrograde menstruation
2. Lymphatic and vascular spread
3. Coelomic metaplasia
Leiomyoma histology - Answer Whorled pattern of smooth muscle bundles with
intervening connective tissue
DNA laddering - Answer The appearance of DNA fragments in multiples of 180 base
pairs on gel electrophoresis.
A sensitive indicator of apoptosis
Due to endonuclease action during karyorrhexis
Contact inhibition - Answer The phenomenon whereby cell division halts in G1 in
response to contact on all sides by other cells
Atropine - Answer Competitive inhibitor of acetylcholine-like agents, acting at the
muscarinic receptors of smooth muscle cells
Vasomotor rhinitis - Answer Chronic nasal congestion that worsens with abrupt changes
in temperature or humidity or with exposure to odors or alcohol.
Headaches, anosmia and sinusitis
Location of action on the penis of PDE5 inhibitors - Answer Relaxation of the smooth
muscle cells that surround the cavernous venous sinuses of the corpora cavernosa
Produce a bicarbonate-rich fluid in response to stimulation - Answer Exocrine pancreas
Epithelial cells of the biliary tract
Mechanism of alkalization of the pancreatic fluid - Answer Action of the
chloride/bicarbonate ion exchange proteins in the apical surfaces of pancreatic ductal
cells
Passage of ions within the salivary ducts - Answer Na and Cl are reabsorbed
K and HCO3 are secreted
When salivary glands are maximally stimulated, however, the concentrations of all these
ions return to values near plasma concentration.
Schizophrenia symptoms - Answer >=2 of the following:
Delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech/behavior or negative symptoms
>6 mos long
