NURS 6512 Midterm Exam Questions and Answers

Question 1 1 out of 1 points Unusual white areas on the skin may be due to: Selected Answer: C. vitiligo. Question 2 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Leonard brings her newborn infant into the pediatrician's office for a first well-baby visit. As the health care provider, you teach her that newborns are more vulnerable to hypothermia due to: Selected Answer: D. a poorly developed subcutaneous fat layer. Question 3 1 out of 1 points Your patient is complaining of acute, intense sharp epigastric pain that radiates to the back and left scapula with nausea and vomiting. Based on this history, your prioritized physical examination should be to: Selected Answer: inspect for ecchymosis of the flank. Question 4 1 out of 1 points Mr. Abdul is a 40-year-old Middle Eastern man who presents to the office for a first visit with the complaint of new abdominal pain. You are concerned about violating a cultural prohibition when you prepare to do his rectal examination. The best tactic would be to: Selected Answer: inform the patient of the reason for the examination and ask if it is acceptable to him. Question 5 1 out of 1 points In counseling a client regarding nutrition education, you explain that linoleic acid, a major fatty acid, is thought to be essential for: Selected Answer: normal growth and development. Question 6 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Britton brings her 16-year-old son in with a complaint that he is not developing correctly into adolescence. Which structures disproportionately enlarge in the male during adolescence? Selected Answer: D. Nose and thyroid cartilages Question 7 1 out of 1 points Ms. Otten is a 45-year-old patient who presents with a complaint of weight gain. Which medication is frequently associated with weight gain? Selected Answer: Steroids Question 8 1 out of 1 points Subjective and symptomatic data are: Selected Answer: placed in the history section. Question 9 1 out of 1 points Mr. Johnson presents with a freely movable cystic mass in the midline of the high neck region at the base of the tongue. This is most likely a: Selected Answer: D. thyroglossal duct cyst. Question 10 1 out of 1 points Small, minute bruises are called: Selected Answer: petechiae. Question 11 1 out of 1 points During physical examination of a 30-year-old Chinese man, you notice slight asymmetry of his face. The cranial nerve examination is normal. Your best action is to: Selected Answer: D. record the finding in the patient’s chart. Question 12 1 out of 1 points When assessing abdominal pain in a college-age woman, one must include: Selected Answer: the first day of the last menstrual period. Question 13 1 out of 1 points When examining the skull of a 4-month-old baby, you should normally find: Selected Answer: B. closure of the posterior fontanel. Question 14 0 out of 1 points A serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity and forms a protective cover for many abdominal structures is the: Selected Answer: periosteum. Question 15 1 out of 1 points Mr. L. presents to the clinic with severe groin pain and a history of kidney stones. Mr. L.'s son tells you that, for religious reasons, his father wishes to keep any stone that is passed into the urine filter that he has been using. What is your most appropriate response? Selected Answer: "With your father's permission, we will examine the stone and request that it be returned to him." Question 16 1 out of 1 points Mr. Kevin Marks is a new health care provider. What is the best method to develop cultural competence? Selected Answer: Realize that cultural values are difficult to change and must be respected. Question 17 1 out of 1 points Auscultation should be carried out last, except when examining the: Selected Answer: abdomen. Question 18 1 out of 1 points As part of your health promotion education for a new patient, you explain that the risk factors for skin cancer include: Selected Answer: repeated trauma or irritation to skin. Question 19 1 out of 1 points Nasal symptoms that imply an allergic response include: Selected Answer: bluish gray turbinates. Question 21 1 out of 1 points When are open-ended questions generally most useful? Selected Answer: During the initial part of the interview Question 22 1 out of 1 points Mr. Akins is a 78-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with complaints of hearing loss. Which of the following are changes in hearing that occur in the elderly? Select all that apply. Selected Answers: d. Sounds may be garbled and difficult to localize e. Loss of high frequency f. Unable to hear in a crowded room Question 23 1 out of 1 points During an interview, tears appear in the patient's eyes and his voice becomes shaky. Initially, you should: Selected Answer: offer a tissue and let him know it is all right to cry. Question 24 1 out of 1 points When taking a history, you should: Selected Answer: use a chronologic and sequential framework. Question 25 1 out of 1 points Tympanic thermometers measure body temperature when a probe is placed: Selected Answer: in the auditory canal. Question 26 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is the most accurate reflection of an individual's food intake? Selected Answer: Food diary Question 27 1 out of 1 points In examining the neck of a 34-year-old female patient, you note that the uppermost ridge of the tracheal cartilage is at the: Selected Answer: cricoid. Question 28 1 out of 1 points Spasmodic muscular contractions of the head, face, or neck are called: Selected Answer: B. tics. Question 29 1 out of 1 points Macronutrients are so named because they: Selected Answer: are required in large amounts. Question 30 1 out of 1 points Your patient returns for a blood pressure check 2 weeks after a visit during which you performed a complete history and physical. This visit would be documented by creating a(n): Selected Answer: progress note. Question 36 1 out of 1 points Expected normal percussion tones include: Selected Answer: tympany over an empty stomach. Question 37 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is an expected change in the assessment of the thyroid during pregnancy? Selected Answer: A bruit is auscultated. Question 38 1 out of 1 points Peritonitis produces bowel sounds that are: Selected Answer: hypoactive. Question 39 1 out of 1 points Mr. Black is a 44-year-old patient who presents to the clinic with complaints of neck pain that he thinks is from his job involving computer data entry. As the examiner, you are checking the range of motion in his neck and note the greatest degree of cervical mobility is at: Selected Answer: D. C4 to C5. Question 40 1 out of 1 points Percussing at the right midclavicular line, below the umbilicus, and continuing upward is the correct technique for locating the: Selected Answer: lower liver border. Question 41 1 out of 1 points A 51-year-old woman calls with complaints of weight loss and constipation. She reports enlarged hemorrhoids and rectal bleeding. You advise her to: Selected Answer: come to the laboratory for a stool guaiac test. Question 42 1 out of 1 points Your patient is complaining of acute, intense sharp epigastric pain that radiates to the back and left scapula with nausea and vomiting. Based on this history, your prioritized physical examination should be to: Selected Answer: inspect for ecchymosis of the flank. Question 43 1 out of 1 points A guideline for history taking is for caregivers to: Selected Answer: make notes sparingly so that patients can be observed during the history taking. Question 44 1 out of 1 points Regardless of the origin, discharge is described by noting: Selected Answer: color and consistency. Question 45 1 out of 1 points The review of systems is a component of the: Selected Answer: health history. Question 46 1 out of 1 points Mr. Walters, a 32-year-old patient, tells you that his ears are "stopped up." An objective assessment of this complaint is achieved by using the: Selected Answer: tympanometer. Question 47 1 out of 1 points A fixed image of any group that rejects its potential for originality or individuality is known as a(n): Selected Answer: stereotype. Question 48 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Raymonds is a 24-year-old patient who has presented for a routine concern over her current weight. In your patient teaching with her, you explain the importance of macronutrients. Which of the following is a macronutrient? Selected Answer: Fat Question 50 1 out of 1 points Fluorescing lesions are best distinguished using a(n): Selected Answer: Wood’s lamp. Question 51 1 out of 1 points Placing the base of a vibrating tuning fork on the midline vertex of the patient's head is a test for: Selected Answer: lateralization of sound. Question 52 1 out of 1 points To correctly document absent bowel sounds, one must listen continuously for: Selected Answer: 5 minutes. Question 53 1 out of 1 points A 5-year-old child presents with nasal congestion and a headache. To assess for sinus tenderness you should palpate over the: Selected Answer: maxillary sinuses only. Question 54 1 out of 1 points The examiner's evaluation of a patient's mental status belongs in the: Selected Answer: physical examination. Question 93 1 out of 1 points A flat, nonpalpable lesion is described as a macule if the diameter is: Selected Answer: less than 1 cm. Question 94 1 out of 1 points Nuchal rigidity is most commonly associated with: Selected Answer: B. meningeal irritation. Question 96 1 out of 1 points Tracheal tug suggests the presence of a(n): Selected Answer: aortic aneurysm. Question 97 1 out of 1 points After thorough inspection of the abdomen, the next assessment step is: Selected Answer: auscultation. Question 98 1 out of 1 points A tool used to screen adolescents for alcoholism is the: Selected Answer: CRAFFT. Question 55 1 out of 1 points Pigmented, raised, warty lesions over the face and trunk should be assessed by an experienced practitioner who can distinguish: Selected Answer: D. seborrheic keratoses from actinic keratoses. Question 56 1 out of 1 points Which of the following occurs when firm pressure is used to apply the stethoscope's bell end-piece to the skin? Selected Answer: It functionally converts to a diaphragm end-piece. Question 57 1 out of 1 points What finding is unique to the documentation of a physical examination of an infant? Selected Answer: Fontanel sizes Question 58 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Webb is a 38-year-old patient who has been changing her lifestyle to eat in a healthy way and lose weight. During your health promotion education regarding her nutritional status, you explain the function of dietary protein as: Selected Answer: building and maintaining tissues. Question 60 1 out of 1 points When recording physical findings, which data are recorded first for all systems? Selected Answer: Inspection Question 61 1 out of 1 points A blood pressure cuff bladder should be long enough to: Selected Answer: cover 75% to 80% of the arm circumference. Question 62 1 out of 1 points During an interview, you have the impression that a patient may be considering suicide. Which action is essential? Selected Answer: Ask whether the patient has considered self-harm. Question 63 1 out of 1 points Which of the following organs is part of the alimentary tract? Selected Answer: Stomach Question 64 1 out of 1 points Which type of speculum should be used to examine a patient's tympanic membrane? Selected Answer: The largest speculum that will fit comfortably in the ear Question 66 1 out of 1 points The attitudes of the health care professional: Selected Answer: are culturally derived. Question 67 1 out of 1 points A 22-year-old female nurse is interviewing an 86-year-old male patient. The patient avoids eye contact and answers questions only by saying, "Yeah," "No," or "I guess so." Which of the following is appropriate for the interviewer to say or ask? Selected Answer: Are you uncomfortable talking with me? Question 68 1 out of 1 points Mr. Sanchez is a 45-year-old gentleman who has presented to the office for a physical examination to establish a new primary care health care provider. Which of the following describes a physical, not a cultural, differentiator? Selected Answer: Race Question 69 1 out of 1 points Which question would be considered a leading question? Selected Answer: "You don't get headaches often, do you?" Question 70 1 out of 1 points A 17-year-old girl presents to the clinic for a sports physical. Physical examination findings reveal bradycardia, multiple erosions of tooth enamel, and scars on her knuckles. She appears healthy otherwise. You should ask her if she: Selected Answer: binges and vomits. Question 71 1 out of 1 points Tuning forks with a frequency of 500 to 1000 Hz are most commonly used to measure: Selected Answer: hearing range of normal speech. Question 72 1 out of 1 points When assessing abdominal pain in a college-age woman, one must include: Selected Answer: the first day of the last menstrual period. Question 73 1 out of 1 points You are using an ophthalmoscope to examine a patient's inner eye. You rotate the lens selector clockwise, then counterclockwise to compensate for: Selected Answer: myopia. Question 74 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Tuber is a 36-year-old patient who comes into the health center with complaints that her fingernails are not growing. Which structure is the site of new nail growth? Selected Answer: C. Matrix Question 76 1 out of 1 points Which is the best way to position a patient's neck for palpation of the thyroid? Selected Answer: C. Flexed toward the side being examined Question 77 1 out of 1 points Mr. Mathews is a 47-year-old patient who presents for a routine physical examination. On examination, you have noted a bruit heard over the thyroid. This is suggestive of: Selected Answer: B. hyperthyroidism. Question 78 1 out of 1 points Peritonitis produces bowel sounds that are: Selected Answer: hypoactive. Question 79 1 out of 1 points In issues surrounding ethical decision making, beneficence refers to the: Selected Answer: need to do good for the patient. Question 80 1 out of 1 points Cherry angiomas are a common finding in: Selected Answer: adults older than 30 years. Question 81 1 out of 1 points Brittle nails are typical findings in: Selected Answer: D. older adults. Question 82 1 out of 1 points During percussion, a dull tone is expected to be heard over: Selected Answer: the liver. Question 83 1 out of 1 points Which statement is true regarding the relationship of physical characteristics and culture? Selected Answer: There is a difference between distinguishing cultural characteristics and distinguishing physical characteristics. Question 84 1 out of 1 points Mrs. Berger is a 39-year-old woman who presents with a complaint of epigastric abdominal pain. You have completed the inspection of the abdomen. What is your next step in the assessment process? Selected Answer: Auscultation Question 85 1 out of 1 points When hearing is evaluated, which cranial nerve is being tested? Selected Answer: VIII Question 86 1 out of 1 points Mr. Jones is a 45-year-old patient who presents for a physical examination. On examination, you note costochondral beading, enlarged skull, and bowed legs and diagnose him with rickets. A deficiency of which fat-soluble micronutrient can result in rickets? Selected Answer: Vitamin D Question 87 1 out of 1 points Differential diagnoses belong in the: Selected Answer: assessment. Question 89 1 out of 1 points The most common form of birth trauma of the scalp is: Selected Answer: caput succedaneum. Question 91 1 out of 1 points Which of the following is the most vital nutrient? Selected Answer: Water Question 92 1 out of 1 points Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have presented to the office with their infant son with complaints of ear drainage. When examining an infant's middle ear, the nurse should use one hand to stabilize the otoscope against the head while using the other hand to: Selected Answer: pull the auricle down and back.