Physics: Principles with Applications, Sixth Edition
5) The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on
A) its volume.
B) its pressure.
C) its temperature.
D) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
6) An ideal gas at STP is first compressed until its volume is half the initial volume, and then it is
allowed to expand until its pressure is half the initial pressure. All of this is done while
holding the temperature constant. If the initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal
energy of the gas will be
A) U.
B) U/3.
C) U/2.
D) 2U.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
7) An ideal gas with internal energy U at 200eC is heated to 400eC. Its internal energy then will be
A) still U.
B) 2 U.
C) 1.4 U.
D) 1.2 U.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
8) The reason ocean temperatures do not vary drastically is that
A) water has a relatively high rate of heat conduction.
B) water is a good radiator.
C) water has a relatively high specific heat.
D) water is a poor heat conductor.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.3
267
,Chapter 14: Heat
9) It is a well-known fact that water has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. Now, consider
equal masses of water and iron that are initially in thermal equilibrium. The same amount of
heat, 30 calories, is added to each. Which statement is true?
A) They remain in thermal equilibrium.
B) They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the iron is warmer.
C) They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the water is warmer.
D) It is impossible to say without knowing the exact mass involved and the exact specific
heat capacities.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.3
10) A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper;
the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is
more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater magnitude gain or loss
of heat during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?
A) the aluminum
B) the copper
C) Neither; both experience the same size gain or loss of heat.
D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.4
11) Phase changes occur
A) as the temperature decreases.
B) as the temperature increases.
C) as the temperature remains the same.
D) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
12) The heat required to change a substance from the solid to the liquid state is referred to as the
A) heat of fusion.
B) heat of vaporization.
C) heat of melting.
D) heat of freezing.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
268
, Physics: Principles with Applications, Sixth Edition
13) The heat required to change a substance from the liquid to the vapor state is referred to as the
A) heat of fusion.
B) heat of vaporization.
C) heat of evaporation.
D) heat of condensation.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
14) If heat is added to a pure substance at a steady rate,
A) its temperature will begin to rise.
B) it will eventually melt.
C) it will eventually boil.
D) More than one of the above is true.
E) None of the above is true.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
15) When a solid melts
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
16) When a liquid freezes
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
17) When a liquid evaporates
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
269
, Chapter 14: Heat
18) When a vapor condenses
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
19) In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger
until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to
A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) stay constant.
D) freeze.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
20) Turning up the flame under a pan of boiling water causes
A) the water to boil away faster.
B) the temperature of the boiling water to increase.
C) both the water to boil away faster and the temperature of the boiling water to increase.
D) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
21) Equal masses of water at 20e C and 80e C are mixed. What is the final temperature of the
mixture?
A) 40e C
B) 50eC
C) 60e C
D) 70eC
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
22) A chunk of ice (T = -20e C) is added to a thermally insulated container of cold water (T = 0e C).
What happens in the container?
A) The ice melts until thermal equilibrium is established.
B) The water cools down until thermal equilibrium is established.
C) Some of the water freezes and the chunk of ice gets larger.
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
270
5) The internal energy of an ideal gas depends on
A) its volume.
B) its pressure.
C) its temperature.
D) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
6) An ideal gas at STP is first compressed until its volume is half the initial volume, and then it is
allowed to expand until its pressure is half the initial pressure. All of this is done while
holding the temperature constant. If the initial internal energy of the gas is U, the final internal
energy of the gas will be
A) U.
B) U/3.
C) U/2.
D) 2U.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
7) An ideal gas with internal energy U at 200eC is heated to 400eC. Its internal energy then will be
A) still U.
B) 2 U.
C) 1.4 U.
D) 1.2 U.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.2
8) The reason ocean temperatures do not vary drastically is that
A) water has a relatively high rate of heat conduction.
B) water is a good radiator.
C) water has a relatively high specific heat.
D) water is a poor heat conductor.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.3
267
,Chapter 14: Heat
9) It is a well-known fact that water has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. Now, consider
equal masses of water and iron that are initially in thermal equilibrium. The same amount of
heat, 30 calories, is added to each. Which statement is true?
A) They remain in thermal equilibrium.
B) They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the iron is warmer.
C) They are no longer in thermal equilibrium; the water is warmer.
D) It is impossible to say without knowing the exact mass involved and the exact specific
heat capacities.
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.3
10) A thermally isolated system is made up of a hot piece of aluminum and a cold piece of copper;
the aluminum and the copper are in thermal contact. The specific heat capacity of aluminum is
more than double that of copper. Which object experiences the greater magnitude gain or loss
of heat during the time the system takes to reach thermal equilibrium?
A) the aluminum
B) the copper
C) Neither; both experience the same size gain or loss of heat.
D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the masses.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.4
11) Phase changes occur
A) as the temperature decreases.
B) as the temperature increases.
C) as the temperature remains the same.
D) all of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
12) The heat required to change a substance from the solid to the liquid state is referred to as the
A) heat of fusion.
B) heat of vaporization.
C) heat of melting.
D) heat of freezing.
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
268
, Physics: Principles with Applications, Sixth Edition
13) The heat required to change a substance from the liquid to the vapor state is referred to as the
A) heat of fusion.
B) heat of vaporization.
C) heat of evaporation.
D) heat of condensation.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
14) If heat is added to a pure substance at a steady rate,
A) its temperature will begin to rise.
B) it will eventually melt.
C) it will eventually boil.
D) More than one of the above is true.
E) None of the above is true.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
15) When a solid melts
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
16) When a liquid freezes
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
17) When a liquid evaporates
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
269
, Chapter 14: Heat
18) When a vapor condenses
A) the temperature of the substance increases.
B) the temperature of the substance decreases.
C) heat energy leaves the substance.
D) heat energy enters the substance.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
19) In a cloud formation, water vapor condenses into water droplets which get bigger and bigger
until it rains. This will cause the temperature of the air in the clouds to
A) increase.
B) decrease.
C) stay constant.
D) freeze.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
20) Turning up the flame under a pan of boiling water causes
A) the water to boil away faster.
B) the temperature of the boiling water to increase.
C) both the water to boil away faster and the temperature of the boiling water to increase.
D) none of the above
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
21) Equal masses of water at 20e C and 80e C are mixed. What is the final temperature of the
mixture?
A) 40e C
B) 50eC
C) 60e C
D) 70eC
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
22) A chunk of ice (T = -20e C) is added to a thermally insulated container of cold water (T = 0e C).
What happens in the container?
A) The ice melts until thermal equilibrium is established.
B) The water cools down until thermal equilibrium is established.
C) Some of the water freezes and the chunk of ice gets larger.
D) none of the above
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: Sec. 14.5
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