NLN PAX RN Science Exam 2022 Questions and Answers

Alimentary canal definition - ANSWER begins at mouth, ends at anus... digestive system A neuron that transmits impulses from receptors to the spinal cord - ANSWER sensory neuron Kinetic energy is at a maximum when the potential energy is... - ANSWER at a minimum, for example at the bottom of an incline The more rapid the vibration of sound is, the ____________ the __________ is - ANSWER higher, pitch What is the temperature during a phase change from liquid to gas? - ANSWER Temperature is constant at 100 degrees Celsius per 1 atm If the temperature rises to 300 degrees Celsius of a gas, the substance would do what? - ANSWER It would remain a gas.... it would change back to liquid or condense if heat was withdrawn Neutralization reactions from _____ and _______. - ANSWER Water and a salt What organ controls the amount of calcium in the blood? - ANSWER Parathyroid - Secreted PTH - Calcium low = release calcium - Calcium high = calcium deposits in bone Celsius to Farenheit equation - ANSWER 9/5 x Celsius + 32 What tells you that a formula is an alcohol? - ANSWER -OH If a car's rate of change of velocity is negative, the car is ________. - ANSWER Slowing down What type of solution is an alkaline solution? - ANSWER Basic What type of facilitation is needed to go down a concentration gradient? - ANSWER Active transport Which of these biological processes includes the other 3? a) cell respiration b) Krebs cycle c) ETC d) anaerobic splitting of glucose - ANSWER Cell respiration - Cell resp begins with splitting glucose. Products enter Krebs cycle and then ETC In the classification of 2 organisms, which of the following is the best evidence of a close relationship? a) # and arrangement of bones b) similar sequence of AA and proteins c) similar methods of sexual reproduction d) similar methods of cell respiration - ANSWER b) similar sequence of AA and proteins Bending of light - ANSWER Refraction What makes up proteins? - ANSWER Amino Acids Einsteins equation E=mc^2.... what does c represent? - ANSWER c = speed of light More energy is used pushing an object up an inclined plane than lifting the box straight up. Why is this? - ANSWER work is done against friction in pushing the box. Energy goes into counteracting friction Tip of crest to tip of crest in a wave is called - ANSWER wavelength Most of the work done by the human kidney occurs in the - ANSWER nephron Where is food stored in a growing embryo of a bean seed? - ANSWER The endosperm... large area inside the embryo In NaCl(aq), the solvent is __________. - ANSWER Water. Because (aq) implies that NaCl will be put into water What turns starch blue-black? - ANSWER Lugol's solution Ohm's law is the study of ___________. - ANSWER Electricity What temperature cannot occur? - ANSWER Anything below 0 Kelvin What organisms are Protists? - ANSWER fungi, ferns, mollusks What is a half life? - ANSWER One half life is the amount of time it takes for one half of the mass of a sample of radioactive substance to decay. Ex) Half life is 20 years for 12g. in 20 years.... 12/2 = 6g... in 40 years..... 6/2=3g Isotopes contain a different number of __________. But they have the same atomic number. - ANSWER Neutrons What makes up the atomic mass? - ANSWER Protons and Neutrons What makes up the atomic number? - ANSWER Protons and Electrons If you chew a bland cracker slowly, what will it fast like? And why? - ANSWER Sweet because the enzyme amylase breaks down starches to sugars A compound that acts like either an acid or a base - ANSWER amphoteric - water is an example What delivers oxygen in the blood? - ANSWER Red blood cells What part of the cell regulates intake and outtake from an animal cell? - ANSWER Plasma membrane If your gallbladder is removed, what substance will you have the most difficulty digesting? - ANSWER Fats... the gallbladder stores bile, made up of bile salts which digest and absorb fats The code of a gene is delivered to the protein producing region of a cell by ____________. - ANSWER m-RNA What is the function of a battery? - ANSWER Changes mechanical energy into electrical energy What does Benedict's solution test for? - ANSWER Glucose (sugars) - from clear blue to red for a positive rxn Atomic number - ANSWER # of protons Mass number - ANSWER # of protons and neutrons An atom has the same number of _______ and __________. - ANSWER Protons and electrons The pitch of a string is affected by - ANSWER thickness, length, and frequency Pitch is independent from - ANSWER amplitude - related to loudness Which part of a compound microscope adjusts the amount of light? - ANSWER diaphragm What term refers to the capacity of a microscope to distinguish between objects that lie close to each other? - ANSWER resolving power Equilibrium constant - ANSWER product of PRODUCTS / product of REACTANTS Which is a nonmetal? Na, Hg, S, Mn - ANSWER Sulfur is a nonmetal Machines cannot _______________ energy - ANSWER increase - this is due to the conservation of energy Power Equation - ANSWER Voltage x current A 36 W lamp is operated by a 9 v battery. How many amperes of current flow through? - ANSWER power = voltage x current 36W = 9V x current in amperes 36/9 = 4 amperes What are the sites of protein synthesis in a cell? - ANSWER ribosomes - which are located on the rough ER Aerobic respiration uses ________. - ANSWER Oxygen - oxygen will be a reactant What is acetylcholine? - ANSWER neurotransmitter - sends info from one neuron to the next