Mental Health ATI Final Exam 2022, All
Correct answers 100% Verriffied
What are symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Nausea, vomiting, tremors, restlessness, insomnia, depressed mood or irritability, tonic-
clonic seizures, illusions.
What is alcohol withdrawal delirum and when can it occur?
Alcohol withdrawal delirium is a medical emergency and may occur 2-3 days after
cessation and last the same (2-3 days). S/s include severe disorientation,
hallucinations, severe HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias, delirium.
What are symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
Agitation, insomnia, flulike manifestations, rhinorrhea, yawning, sweating, diarrhea.
Suicidal ideation may occur.
What are symptoms of tobacco (nicotine) withdrawal?
Irritability, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, difficulty concentrating
What kind of medications would be expected to be prescribed for a patient who is
detoxing from alcohol?
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Oxazepam
(Serax)
What are the intended effects of the benzodiazepines for detoxification from alcohol?
Maintenance of patient's v/s, decrease risk of seizures, decrease intensity of withdrawal
s/s.
What are some of the adjunct medications for detoxification of alcohol?
Carbamazepine (Tegretol), Clonidine (Catapres), Propanolol (Inderal)
What are each of the adjunct medications indicated for?
Decrease seizures (Carbamazepine)
Decrease autonomic response (decrease BP, HR)- Clonidine and Propanolol
Decrease craving- Propanolol
What are overall nursing interventions and teaching points for patients who are
experiencing detoxification?
Pad the side rails and include suction equipment at bedside (seizure precautions).
Monitor vital signs and continue monitoring on ongoing basis.
What kind of medications are indicated for abstinence maintenance of alcohol?
Disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (Vivitrol), Acamprosate (Campral)
What is the intended effect of disulfiram (Antabuse)?
,After the patient ingests alcohol, acetaldehyde syndrome will occur and includes
perfuse vomiting, nausea, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension. Can
progress to respiratory depression, seizures, and death.
What teaching points need to be brought up with a patient who is beginning disulfiram
(Antabuse)?
Wear a med alert bracelet, avoid ALL products containing alcohol (cough syrups,
aftershave lotion). Encourage participation in a 12 step program. Potential for
acetaldehyde syndrome can occur for up to 2 weeks after disulfuram is discontinued.
Naltrexone (Vivitrol) What is the indicated effect?
Pure opioid antagonist that supresses craving and pleasure of alcohol.
What can naltrexone (Vivitrol) also be utilized for?
Opioid withdrawal.
Teaching points for naltrexone (Vivitrol)?
Take with meals to supress GI distress. Monthly IM injections should be suggested for
patients who have difficulty to adhering to the medication regimen.
Acamprosate (Campral) indication...
Taken 3x daily to reduce alcohol craving.
Teaching points for acamprosate (Campral)
Diarrhea may occur while taking the medication. Increase fluids. Do not take while
pregnant.
What medications can be used to support withdrawal/abstinence from opioids?
Methadone (Dolophine) substition, Clonidine (Catapres), Buprenorphine (Subutex)
Intended effect of methadone (Dolophine)
Oral opioid agonist that replaces the opioid to which client addicted. Encourage
participation in 12 step program. Inform that must be administered at an approved
treatment center.
Intended effect of clonidine (Catapres)
Assists with withdrawal s/s related to autonomic hyperactivity (n/v/d) Has anticholinergic
effects and CNS depression.
Does clonidine (Catapres) reduce the craving for opioids?
NO
Buprenorphine (Subutex) intended effect?
Agonist-antagonist opioid use for detox and maintenance. Decreases feeling of craving.
Teaching points for subutex?
Administer sublingually at an approved treatment center.
Medications utilized to support withdrawal/abstinence from Nicotine?
, Bupropion (Zyban), Nicotine replacement therapy (gum, patch, spray), varenicline
(Chantix)
Bupropion (Zyban) intended effect?
Decreases nicotine craving and manifestations of withdrawal. Anticholinergic effects
(standard teaching to counteract). Avoid caffeine to and other CNS stimulants to control
insomnia.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy intended effects
Nicotine gum (Nicorette)
Nicotine patch (nicotrol)
Nicotine nasal spray (nicotrol NS)
Cessation nearly doubled with use of these.
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine gum (Nicorette)
Chew gum slowly and intermittently over 30 minutes.
Avoid eating or drinking 15 min before and while chewing gum.
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine patch (Nicotrol)
Standard teaching and application for patches.
Your patient is scheduled for MRI, and reports utilizing the nicotine patch (Nicotrol) at
home. What is the nurse's priority action?
Explain to the patient that this can cause burns, and ask the patient or as the nurse
remove the patch.
Is a local skin reaction reason to call the provider with the nicotine patch?
Yes!
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine nasal spray (Nicotrol NS)
Provides pleasurable effects of smoking due to rapid rise of nicotine in blood level.
One spray q nostril is one cigarette.
Advise to follow instructions and prescription for frequency.
Varenicline (Chantix) intended effects
Promotes release of dopamine to stimulate pleasurable effects of Chantix.
What is a contraindication for Chantix?
Patients with suicidal thoughts, serious mental illnesses, or have suicidal ideation.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder with recurrent episodes of depression and mania.
When does bipolar disorder usually emerge?
Late adolescence/early adulthood.
Acute mania treatment?
Correct answers 100% Verriffied
What are symptoms of alcohol withdrawal?
Nausea, vomiting, tremors, restlessness, insomnia, depressed mood or irritability, tonic-
clonic seizures, illusions.
What is alcohol withdrawal delirum and when can it occur?
Alcohol withdrawal delirium is a medical emergency and may occur 2-3 days after
cessation and last the same (2-3 days). S/s include severe disorientation,
hallucinations, severe HTN, cardiac dysrhythmias, delirium.
What are symptoms of opioid withdrawal?
Agitation, insomnia, flulike manifestations, rhinorrhea, yawning, sweating, diarrhea.
Suicidal ideation may occur.
What are symptoms of tobacco (nicotine) withdrawal?
Irritability, nervousness, restlessness, insomnia, difficulty concentrating
What kind of medications would be expected to be prescribed for a patient who is
detoxing from alcohol?
Chlordiazepoxide (Librium), Diazepam (Valium), Lorazepam (Ativan), Oxazepam
(Serax)
What are the intended effects of the benzodiazepines for detoxification from alcohol?
Maintenance of patient's v/s, decrease risk of seizures, decrease intensity of withdrawal
s/s.
What are some of the adjunct medications for detoxification of alcohol?
Carbamazepine (Tegretol), Clonidine (Catapres), Propanolol (Inderal)
What are each of the adjunct medications indicated for?
Decrease seizures (Carbamazepine)
Decrease autonomic response (decrease BP, HR)- Clonidine and Propanolol
Decrease craving- Propanolol
What are overall nursing interventions and teaching points for patients who are
experiencing detoxification?
Pad the side rails and include suction equipment at bedside (seizure precautions).
Monitor vital signs and continue monitoring on ongoing basis.
What kind of medications are indicated for abstinence maintenance of alcohol?
Disulfiram (Antabuse), Naltrexone (Vivitrol), Acamprosate (Campral)
What is the intended effect of disulfiram (Antabuse)?
,After the patient ingests alcohol, acetaldehyde syndrome will occur and includes
perfuse vomiting, nausea, weakness, sweating, palpitations, and hypotension. Can
progress to respiratory depression, seizures, and death.
What teaching points need to be brought up with a patient who is beginning disulfiram
(Antabuse)?
Wear a med alert bracelet, avoid ALL products containing alcohol (cough syrups,
aftershave lotion). Encourage participation in a 12 step program. Potential for
acetaldehyde syndrome can occur for up to 2 weeks after disulfuram is discontinued.
Naltrexone (Vivitrol) What is the indicated effect?
Pure opioid antagonist that supresses craving and pleasure of alcohol.
What can naltrexone (Vivitrol) also be utilized for?
Opioid withdrawal.
Teaching points for naltrexone (Vivitrol)?
Take with meals to supress GI distress. Monthly IM injections should be suggested for
patients who have difficulty to adhering to the medication regimen.
Acamprosate (Campral) indication...
Taken 3x daily to reduce alcohol craving.
Teaching points for acamprosate (Campral)
Diarrhea may occur while taking the medication. Increase fluids. Do not take while
pregnant.
What medications can be used to support withdrawal/abstinence from opioids?
Methadone (Dolophine) substition, Clonidine (Catapres), Buprenorphine (Subutex)
Intended effect of methadone (Dolophine)
Oral opioid agonist that replaces the opioid to which client addicted. Encourage
participation in 12 step program. Inform that must be administered at an approved
treatment center.
Intended effect of clonidine (Catapres)
Assists with withdrawal s/s related to autonomic hyperactivity (n/v/d) Has anticholinergic
effects and CNS depression.
Does clonidine (Catapres) reduce the craving for opioids?
NO
Buprenorphine (Subutex) intended effect?
Agonist-antagonist opioid use for detox and maintenance. Decreases feeling of craving.
Teaching points for subutex?
Administer sublingually at an approved treatment center.
Medications utilized to support withdrawal/abstinence from Nicotine?
, Bupropion (Zyban), Nicotine replacement therapy (gum, patch, spray), varenicline
(Chantix)
Bupropion (Zyban) intended effect?
Decreases nicotine craving and manifestations of withdrawal. Anticholinergic effects
(standard teaching to counteract). Avoid caffeine to and other CNS stimulants to control
insomnia.
Nicotine Replacement Therapy intended effects
Nicotine gum (Nicorette)
Nicotine patch (nicotrol)
Nicotine nasal spray (nicotrol NS)
Cessation nearly doubled with use of these.
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine gum (Nicorette)
Chew gum slowly and intermittently over 30 minutes.
Avoid eating or drinking 15 min before and while chewing gum.
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine patch (Nicotrol)
Standard teaching and application for patches.
Your patient is scheduled for MRI, and reports utilizing the nicotine patch (Nicotrol) at
home. What is the nurse's priority action?
Explain to the patient that this can cause burns, and ask the patient or as the nurse
remove the patch.
Is a local skin reaction reason to call the provider with the nicotine patch?
Yes!
Teaching points for patients using the nicotine nasal spray (Nicotrol NS)
Provides pleasurable effects of smoking due to rapid rise of nicotine in blood level.
One spray q nostril is one cigarette.
Advise to follow instructions and prescription for frequency.
Varenicline (Chantix) intended effects
Promotes release of dopamine to stimulate pleasurable effects of Chantix.
What is a contraindication for Chantix?
Patients with suicidal thoughts, serious mental illnesses, or have suicidal ideation.
What is bipolar disorder?
Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder with recurrent episodes of depression and mania.
When does bipolar disorder usually emerge?
Late adolescence/early adulthood.
Acute mania treatment?
