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Chapter 1
Multiple Choice
• Who was the author of the first methods book in the discipline of sociology?
a. Emile
Durkheim
b. Harriet
Martineau
c. Jane Addams
d. Max Weber
ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 18
TOP: Factual OBJ: August Comte and Harriet Martineau
• In the book How to Observe Morals and Manners, the institution
of marriage is criticized as: a. based on an assumption of the
inferiority of women.
b. based on an assumption of the inferiority of men.
c. reinforcing compulsory heterosexuality.
d. perpetuating social class stratification.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 18
TOP: Factual OBJ: August Comte and Harriet Martineau | Feminist Theory
• Which of the following sociologists developed the
theory of positivism? a. Auguste Comte
b. Emile Durkheim
c. Karl Marx
d. Max Weber
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,SOC MISC Sociology Test Bank Exam Questions And Answers
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ANS: A DIF: Moderate
REF: Page 15 TOP:
Factual OBJ: Positivism
• Positivism is best defined as:
a. the idea that we can scientifically and logically study social institutions and
the individuals within them.
b. the effect of religion on social institutions and the individuals within them.
c. the study of the symbolic interactions between social institutions and the
individuals within them.
d. the relationship between scientific and religious social institutions.
ANS: A DIF: Difficult
REF: Page 16 TOP:
Factual OBJ:
Positivism
• According to Comte, positivism arose out of a need to make sense of
the social order in a time of declining religious authority.
a.
scient
ific b. moral
c. rational
d. economic
ANS: B DIF: Moderate
REF: Page 16 TOP:
Factual OBJ: Positivism
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,SOC MISC Sociology Test Bank Exam Questions And Answers
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• The person that is often considered to be the founding
father of positivism is: a. Émile Durkheim.
b. Karl Marx.
c. Georg Simmel.
d. George Herbert Mead.
ANS: A DIF: Moderate
REF: Page 23 TOP:
Factual OBJ: Positivism
• All of the following are known as the three epistemological stages of
human society, as explained by Comte, EXCEPT:
a. the theological stage.
b. the metaphysical stage.
c. the scientific stage.
d. the post-scientific stage.
ANS: D DIF: Easy REF: Pages 16–17
TOP: Factual OBJ: Epistemological Stages
• Which of the three historical epistemological stages of human society did
Comte explain was highlighted by Enlightenment thinking such as Rousseau’s,
Mill’s, and Hobbes’s beliefs in biological causes for human behavior?
a. the theological
stage b. the
metaphysical stage
c. the scientific stage
d. the post-scientific stage
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ANS: B DIF: Moderate REF: Page 17
TOP: Factual OBJ: Epistemological Stages
• Which of the three historical epistemological stages of human society did
Comte claim was characterized by the development of social physics to explain
human behavior?
a. the theological stage
b. the
metaphysical stage c.
the scientific
stage
d. the post-scientific stage
ANS: C DIF: Moderate REF: Page 17
TOP: Factual OBJ: Epistemological Stages
• Which of the three historical epistemological stages did Comte argue
would explain human society by consulting the Bible or other religious texts?
a. the theological stage
b. the metaphysical stage
c. the scientific stage
d. the post-scientific stage
ANS: A DIF: Moderate REF: Page 16
TOP: Factual OBJ: Epistemological Stages
• Which of the following are known as “the founding fathers of the sociological
discipline”?
a. Comte, Martineau, and Marx
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