Biotechnology Exam 1
What is biotechnology - Answer Using living organisms, or the products of living
organisms, for human benefit to make a product or solve a problem.
Examples of first hand biotechnology - Answer • Eaten GMO/GE produce
• Treated with monoclonal antibody
• Had a flu shot
• Required insulin Injection
• Taken a home pregnancy test
• Used an antibiotic
• Had a glass of wine
• Eaten cheese
Selective breeding - Answer Manipulating genes of domesticate plants and
animals; improve crops and livestock
Historic examples of biotechnology - Answer Selective breeding
Plant domestication (modern corn)
Animal domestication
Fermentation (Egyptian civilizations making alcoholic beverages)
Use of antibiotics (Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928)
Modern examples of biotechnology - Answer Gene cloning: Ability to identify and
reproduce gene of interest
Recombinant DNA technology: Technique enabling DNA to be combines from different
sources (started modern biotech industry)
Genetic engineering: Altering an organisms DNA (1973- Stanley Cohan and Herbert
Boyer)
Human genome project: International effort yo identify all human genes and their loci
(1990-2003)
What are some examples of biotechnology application - Answer • Vaccines
• Diagnostics
• Disease-resistant plants
• Food crops that produce greater yields
• "Golden rice engineered to be more nutritious
• Genetically engineered bacteria to degrade pollutants
, • Personalized medicine
• Biotechnology medicines
What are the 7 types of biotechnology - Answer • Microbial
• Agricultural
• Animal
• Forensic
• Bioremediation
• Aquatic
• Medical
What is microbial biotechnology - Answer Use of microorganisms to make valuable
products and
applications.
What are ways microbial biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists manipulating
yeast/bacteria to create:
better enzymes
simplify manufacturing/production processes
make vaccines and proteins for human medicine
make efficient decontamination for waste removal.
What is agricultural biotechnology - Answer Genetically engineer plants to make
valuable products
What are ways agricultural biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists genetically
engineer plants to be: more environmentally friendly and yield more Resistance to
diseases and insect
Foods with higher protein or vitamin content
Drugs developed and grown as plants product
Drought-resistant and tolerant to cold temperatures
How is agricultural biotechnology important to the growing world population - Answer
Better plants reduce production costs to help feed the growing population.
UN predicts by 2050 we will need to be able to feed 9.1 billion people (requires raising
food production by 70%)
What is animal biotechnology - Answer Genetically engineer animals to make valuable
products
What are ways animal biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists genetically engineer
animals to be:
Used as "bioreactors" for producing medically valuable proteins (Antibodies and
therapeutic proteins)
What is biotechnology - Answer Using living organisms, or the products of living
organisms, for human benefit to make a product or solve a problem.
Examples of first hand biotechnology - Answer • Eaten GMO/GE produce
• Treated with monoclonal antibody
• Had a flu shot
• Required insulin Injection
• Taken a home pregnancy test
• Used an antibiotic
• Had a glass of wine
• Eaten cheese
Selective breeding - Answer Manipulating genes of domesticate plants and
animals; improve crops and livestock
Historic examples of biotechnology - Answer Selective breeding
Plant domestication (modern corn)
Animal domestication
Fermentation (Egyptian civilizations making alcoholic beverages)
Use of antibiotics (Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928)
Modern examples of biotechnology - Answer Gene cloning: Ability to identify and
reproduce gene of interest
Recombinant DNA technology: Technique enabling DNA to be combines from different
sources (started modern biotech industry)
Genetic engineering: Altering an organisms DNA (1973- Stanley Cohan and Herbert
Boyer)
Human genome project: International effort yo identify all human genes and their loci
(1990-2003)
What are some examples of biotechnology application - Answer • Vaccines
• Diagnostics
• Disease-resistant plants
• Food crops that produce greater yields
• "Golden rice engineered to be more nutritious
• Genetically engineered bacteria to degrade pollutants
, • Personalized medicine
• Biotechnology medicines
What are the 7 types of biotechnology - Answer • Microbial
• Agricultural
• Animal
• Forensic
• Bioremediation
• Aquatic
• Medical
What is microbial biotechnology - Answer Use of microorganisms to make valuable
products and
applications.
What are ways microbial biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists manipulating
yeast/bacteria to create:
better enzymes
simplify manufacturing/production processes
make vaccines and proteins for human medicine
make efficient decontamination for waste removal.
What is agricultural biotechnology - Answer Genetically engineer plants to make
valuable products
What are ways agricultural biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists genetically
engineer plants to be: more environmentally friendly and yield more Resistance to
diseases and insect
Foods with higher protein or vitamin content
Drugs developed and grown as plants product
Drought-resistant and tolerant to cold temperatures
How is agricultural biotechnology important to the growing world population - Answer
Better plants reduce production costs to help feed the growing population.
UN predicts by 2050 we will need to be able to feed 9.1 billion people (requires raising
food production by 70%)
What is animal biotechnology - Answer Genetically engineer animals to make valuable
products
What are ways animal biotechnology is used - Answer Scientists genetically engineer
animals to be:
Used as "bioreactors" for producing medically valuable proteins (Antibodies and
therapeutic proteins)
