Biotechnology Test
biotechnology - Answer manipulation of living organisms or their components to
produce useful products.
cloning vector - Answer a carrier used to transfer a gene from one organism to another
in genetic engineering (a virus, or recombinant plasmid)
DNA fingerprint - Answer a pattern of bands on an electrophoresis gel, made up of
restriction fragments of someone's DNA; can be used to identify a person at the
molecular level
DNA ligase - Answer an enzyme that ties the ends of inserted DNA in genetic
engineering (or Okazaki fragments in DNA replication)
gel electrophoresis - Answer separation of DNA fragments on the basis of their length
and electrical charge
gene cloning - Answer production of multiple copies of a gene.
gene therapy - Answer insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic
disorders
genetic engineering - Answer direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes.
genetically modified (GM) organism - Answer an organism whose genes have been
intentionally manipulated; also known as a transgenic organism
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Answer technique that allows to make many copies
of a particular gene
recombinant DNA - Answer DNA produced by combining DNA from different species
restriction enzyme - Answer enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of
nucleotides (palindrome area)
restriction site - Answer a specific sequence on a DNA strand that is recognized as a
"cut site" by a restriction enzyme.
Ti plasmid - Answer a plasmid of a tumor-inducing bacterium that integrates a segment
of its DNA into the host chromosome of a plant; frequently used as a carrier for genetic
engineering in plants.
sticky end - Answer a single stranded end of a restriction fragment; can form hydrogen
bonds with complementary single stranded pieces of DNA.
biotechnology - Answer manipulation of living organisms or their components to
produce useful products.
cloning vector - Answer a carrier used to transfer a gene from one organism to another
in genetic engineering (a virus, or recombinant plasmid)
DNA fingerprint - Answer a pattern of bands on an electrophoresis gel, made up of
restriction fragments of someone's DNA; can be used to identify a person at the
molecular level
DNA ligase - Answer an enzyme that ties the ends of inserted DNA in genetic
engineering (or Okazaki fragments in DNA replication)
gel electrophoresis - Answer separation of DNA fragments on the basis of their length
and electrical charge
gene cloning - Answer production of multiple copies of a gene.
gene therapy - Answer insertion of normal genes into human cells to correct genetic
disorders
genetic engineering - Answer direct manipulation of genes for practical purposes.
genetically modified (GM) organism - Answer an organism whose genes have been
intentionally manipulated; also known as a transgenic organism
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) - Answer technique that allows to make many copies
of a particular gene
recombinant DNA - Answer DNA produced by combining DNA from different species
restriction enzyme - Answer enzyme that cuts DNA at a specific sequence of
nucleotides (palindrome area)
restriction site - Answer a specific sequence on a DNA strand that is recognized as a
"cut site" by a restriction enzyme.
Ti plasmid - Answer a plasmid of a tumor-inducing bacterium that integrates a segment
of its DNA into the host chromosome of a plant; frequently used as a carrier for genetic
engineering in plants.
sticky end - Answer a single stranded end of a restriction fragment; can form hydrogen
bonds with complementary single stranded pieces of DNA.
