NR 282 FINAL Study guide
A 5-year-old male presents to the E with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing
him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The
nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be
expected
a. symptoms subside quickly
b. increased ICF volume
c. Decreased ECF volume
d. Intracellular dehydration Correct answer- D. Intracellular dehydration
A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER because he is incoherent and semiconscious.
CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is
referred to as
a. localized edema
b. generalized edema
c. pitting edema
d. lymphedema Correct answer- A. Localized edema
A 19-year old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemia. Which of the following
could have caused his condition
a. primary hyperaldosteronism
b. acidosis
c. insulin secretion
d. diuretic use Correct answer- B. Acidosis
A 25-year old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex.
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results
a. decreased blood volume
b. decreased blood K+ levels
c. increased urine Na+ levels
d. increased white blood cells Correct answer- B. Decreased blood K+ levels
A 35-year-old male weighs 70kg. Approximately how much of this weight is ICF
a. 5L
b. 10L
c. 28L
d. 42L Correct answer- D. 42L
, A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle weakness
and cardiac abnormalities. Lab tests indicate that she is hypokalemia. Which of the
following could be the cause of her condition
a. respiratory acidosis
b. constipation
c. hypoglycemia
d. primary hyperaldosteronism Correct answer- D. Primary hyperaldosteronism
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and depressed
reflexes. His wife indicates that he does not follow the prescribed diet and takes his
medication sporadically. Lab results indicate hyperglycemia. Which assessment finding
is most likely to occur
a. clammy skin
b. decreased sodium
c. decreased urine formation
d. metabolic alkalosis Correct answer- B. Decreased sodium
A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive tiredness,
shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal decreased pH, increased
CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help to confirm the diagnosis of
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis Correct answer- C. Respiratory acidosis
A 55-year old female presents to her primary care provider and reports dizziness,
confusion, and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal an elevated pH, decreased
PCO2, and slightly decreased HCO3. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis
a. respiratory alkalosis with renal compensation
b. respiratory acidosis with renal compensation
c. metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation
d. meatabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation Correct answer- A. Respiratory
alkalosis with renal compensation
A 60-year old female is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should
the nurse expect to observe
a. weak pulse
b. excessive thirst
c. oliguria
d. constipation Correct answer- C. Oliguria
A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone
secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor secrets ADH. Which of the
following assessment findings should the nurse expect (mark all that apply)
a. confusion
b. weakness
A 5-year-old male presents to the E with delirium and sunken eyes. After diagnosing
him with severe dehydration, the primary care provider orders fluid replacement. The
nurse administers a hypertonic intravenous solution. Which of the following would be
expected
a. symptoms subside quickly
b. increased ICF volume
c. Decreased ECF volume
d. Intracellular dehydration Correct answer- D. Intracellular dehydration
A 10-year-old male is brought to the ER because he is incoherent and semiconscious.
CT scan reveals that he is suffering from cerebral edema. This type of edema is
referred to as
a. localized edema
b. generalized edema
c. pitting edema
d. lymphedema Correct answer- A. Localized edema
A 19-year old male presents to his primary care provider reporting restlessness, muscle
cramping, and diarrhea. Lab tests reveal that he is hyperkalemia. Which of the following
could have caused his condition
a. primary hyperaldosteronism
b. acidosis
c. insulin secretion
d. diuretic use Correct answer- B. Acidosis
A 25-year old male is diagnosed with a hormone-secreting tumor of the adrenal cortex.
Which finding would the nurse expect to see in the lab results
a. decreased blood volume
b. decreased blood K+ levels
c. increased urine Na+ levels
d. increased white blood cells Correct answer- B. Decreased blood K+ levels
A 35-year-old male weighs 70kg. Approximately how much of this weight is ICF
a. 5L
b. 10L
c. 28L
d. 42L Correct answer- D. 42L
, A 42-year-old female presents to her primary care provider reporting muscle weakness
and cardiac abnormalities. Lab tests indicate that she is hypokalemia. Which of the
following could be the cause of her condition
a. respiratory acidosis
b. constipation
c. hypoglycemia
d. primary hyperaldosteronism Correct answer- D. Primary hyperaldosteronism
A 52-year-old diabetic male presents to the ER with lethargy, confusion, and depressed
reflexes. His wife indicates that he does not follow the prescribed diet and takes his
medication sporadically. Lab results indicate hyperglycemia. Which assessment finding
is most likely to occur
a. clammy skin
b. decreased sodium
c. decreased urine formation
d. metabolic alkalosis Correct answer- B. Decreased sodium
A 54-year-old male with a long history of smoking complains of excessive tiredness,
shortness of breath, and overall ill feelings. Lab results reveal decreased pH, increased
CO2, and normal bicarbonate ion. These findings help to confirm the diagnosis of
a. respiratory alkalosis
b. metabolic acidosis
c. respiratory acidosis
d. metabolic alkalosis Correct answer- C. Respiratory acidosis
A 55-year old female presents to her primary care provider and reports dizziness,
confusion, and tingling in the extremities. Blood tests reveal an elevated pH, decreased
PCO2, and slightly decreased HCO3. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis
a. respiratory alkalosis with renal compensation
b. respiratory acidosis with renal compensation
c. metabolic alkalosis with respiratory compensation
d. meatabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation Correct answer- A. Respiratory
alkalosis with renal compensation
A 60-year old female is diagnosed with hyperkalemia. Which assessment finding should
the nurse expect to observe
a. weak pulse
b. excessive thirst
c. oliguria
d. constipation Correct answer- C. Oliguria
A 60-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking is diagnosed with a hormone
secreting lung tumor. Further testing indicates that the tumor secrets ADH. Which of the
following assessment findings should the nurse expect (mark all that apply)
a. confusion
b. weakness
