Using PICO(T) Framework and Evidence to Develop Patient-
Centered Care
Using PICO(T) Framework and Evidence to Develop Patient-Centered Care
Capella University
Making Evidence-Based Decisions
PICO(T) Questions and an Evidence-Based Approach
November, 2019
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, USING PICO(T) FRAMEWORK 2
Using PICO(T) Framework and Evidence to Develop Patient-Centered Care
Evidence-based practice is an important component of enhancing nursing knowledge,
which is essential for providing quality care to patients. Not only does it improve patient
outcomes, but it also leads to higher patient and family satisfaction. The use of the PICO(T)
research framework can enhance patient-centered care plans. PICO(T) refers to
Population/Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome, and Time. This paper will review a care
issue surrounding medically complex patients with advanced illnesses, apply the PICO(T)
process, identify sources of evidence that may offer answers to the research question, explain
source findings from articles, and explain the relevance of those findings.
Using the PICO(T) Approach when Caring for Medically Complex Patients
The issue identified for resolution is the need to improve the quality of life in medically
complex patients who are frail, are at risk for becoming clinically unstable, and have advanced
illnesses such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or congestive heart failure
(CHF). The question being explored is: How can implementing conversations about advanced
care planning in medically complex patients enhance their quality of life?
The intervention approach identified is patient-centered care, which focuses on listening
to, informing, and involving patients every aspect of their care (Sinclair et al., 2017). The patient
population being studied is medically complex patients with advanced illnesses such as COPD or
CHF. As the objective is to explore care practices that address improved quality of living, only
factors related to life-limiting diseases are considered. The study excluded patients who lacked
capacity to consent to treatment, had already completed a formal advance directive (AD), were