Chap 15 - Respiratory System QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

Chap 15 - Respiratory System Both inspiration and expiration require active engagement of the diaphragm and the rib muscles. True or False? Correct Answer: False Oxygen in the lungs diffuses from the capillary walls to enter the alveolar walls. True or False? Correct Answer: False In an average adult, only about 1/3 of the air actually reaches the alveoli. True or False? Correct Answer: False The symptoms of laryngitis include a severe sore throat, high fever, and white patches on the throat. True or False? Correct Answer: False You should treat the common cold with antibiotics to shorten the duration of symptoms. True or False? Correct Answer: False Most respiratory infections are caused by viruses and can successfully be treated with antibiotics. True or False? Correct Answer: False Almost all of the disorders of the respiratory system are due to infectious diseases. Those that are not infectious are mostly likely inherited diseases. True or False? Correct Answer: False Cystic Fibrosis has a genetic cause. True or False? Correct Answer: True If a person has chronic bronchitis, will they cough up mucous? True or False? Correct Answer: True An infection with Mycobacterium can cause tubercles in the lungs. True or False? Correct Answer: True The majority of cases of lung cancer are associated with smoking. True or False? Correct Answer: True Blood in the pulmonary capillaries has a higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide than atmospheric air. True or False? Correct Answer: True Imagine you are trying to fit down an isle at the local store that is filled with boxes. In order to squeeze between two stacks of boxes you need to "suck it in". Which of the following descriptions best explains why "sucking it in" is NOT the best way to fit through a tight space? ( ) While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves down causing the lung volume to increase. This causes the rib cage to move up and out, making your chest larger. ( ) While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves upward causing the lung volume to increase. This causes the rib cage to move up and out, making your chest larger. ( ) While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves down causing the lung volume to decrease. This causes the rib cage to move up and out, making your chest larger. ( ) While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves down causing the lung volume to increase. This causes the rib cage to move down and out, making your chest larger. ( ) While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves upward causing the lung volume to increase. This causes the rib cage to move down and out, making your chest larger. Correct Answer: While sucking it in, your diaphragm contracts and moves DOWN causing the lung volume to INCREASE. This causes the rib cage to move UP and OUT, making your chest larger. A pressurized airplane cabin and an oxygen tent over a patient in a hospital both address the need of a person for oxygen. How do these compare? Correct Answer: The oxygen tent increases concentration of O2 while the airplane maintains total air pressure without changing concentrations. If a lung is punctured in a car accident, that lobe fails to inflate even though there is no obstruction of the air passageway to that lobe. Why? Correct Answer: When the chest volume expands, air can now rush in through the puncture without filling the alveoli. Sarah comes home from school with a horrible pressure behind her eyes. Her nose is running and she has a headache. She recently had a cold. What is Sarah most likely suffering from? Correct Answer: sinusitis Which of the following is an upper respiratory tract disease? ( ) pharyngitis ( ) acute bronchitis ( ) asthma ( ) pneumonia ( ) cystic fibrosis Correct Answer: pharyngitis Which disease has an allergic cause? ( ) otitis media ( ) laryngitis ( ) asthma ( ) pneumonia ( ) emphysema Correct Answer: asthma Which of the following diseases make up chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? ( ) emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma ( ) emphysema, tuberculosis, and cystic fibrosis ( ) chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis, and pulmonary fibrosis ( ) tuberculosis, cystic fibrosis, and asthma ( ) pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and cystic fibrosis Correct Answer: emphysema, chronic bronchitis, and asthma A lung disease caused by bacteria which become encapsulated is called Correct Answer: tuberculosis. Many lung ailments are "not curable but treatable." Which is more curable? ( ) advanced lung cancer with metastases ( ) standard tuberculosis ( ) asthma ( ) emphysema ( ) COPD Correct Answer: standard tuberculosis Which of the following diseases is caused by exposure to particles inhaled primarily in the workplace (silica, coal dust, etc.)? ( ) emphysema ( ) pneumonia ( ) rheumatic fever ( ) tuberculosis ( ) pulmonary fibrosis Correct Answer: pulmonary fibrosis In which disease of the lungs do the lungs fill with thick fluid? ( ) pharyngitis ( ) sinusitis ( ) emphysema ( ) tuberculosis ( ) pneumonia Correct Answer: pneumonia Which of the following treatments can cure lung cancer? ( ) pneumonectomy ( ) steroids ( ) antibiotics ( ) mucous-thinning drugs ( ) tracheotomy Correct Answer: pneumonectomy Carbonic anhydrase