TEST BANK FOR MCQs LATEST UPDATE 2022.

MINISTRY OF HEALTH OF UKRAINE

DANYLO HALYTSKY
LVIV NATIONAL MEDICAL UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL
CHEMISTRY




MCQs
in biochemistry
(SECOND EDITION)


for the students of medical faculty




Lviv 2019

,Prepared by:
Prof. Sklyarov O.Y., M.D., Ph.D, Dr.sci
Prof. Fomenko I.S., Ph.D, Dr.sci
Nasadyuk C.M., M.D., PhD
Lozynska I.I., PhD
Denysenko N.V., master of pharmacy

Editor: Prof. Sklyarov O.Y., M.D., Ph.D, Dr.sci

Reviewer: Prof. Pinyazhko O.R., M.D., Ph.D,
Dr.sci



The guide was prepared for the students of the medical
faculty, who study according to the specialty “General
Medicine” in English language. The book may also be helpful
for the students of Dentistry and Pharmacy faculties.

The guide was approved and recommended for publication
by the Scientific Council of the Danylo Halytsky Lviv National
Medical University.

, FOREWORD

Biological chemistry is a fundamental medical discipline. The
understanding of the processes of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
and water turnover as well as the role of vitamins, trace elements
and regulatory mechanisms in the organism is the background for
the interpretation of the laboratory indices in health and disease
in clinical practice.
The obtaining of the proper knowledge, based on the use of
the different methodological approaches, in particular test control,
is one of the main tutorial elements for the students of the higher
educational medical institutions worldwide.
Aimed at the improvement of the students’ knowledge and
assisting them in preparation to the practical classes, final exam
and Integrated State Qualification Exam, that contains Krok-1, the
department prepared a guide, which includes main multiple
choice questions according to the Biochemistry course programe.
The guide was elaborated according to educational and
qualification characteristics and educational-professional
programmes of the training of specialists in compliance with the
Standard of the Higher Education of Ukraine (the second masters’
level).
The multiple choice questions are distributed into 2 main
chapters according to the programme of 2 semesters, matching
the title and content of the relevant topic. Hence, the first semester
chapter includes multiple choice questions to 16 topics, devoted
to general assignments of biochemistry, enzymology,
bioenergetics, turnover of carbohydrates, lipids and amino acids.
The 2nd chapter contains 18 topics on the study of DNA and RNA
composition, processes of DNA replication, RNA transcription,
molecular mechanisms of the effect of hormones, digestion and
vitaminology as well as issues of functional biochemistry, e.g.
biochemistry of blood, liver, water and minerals turnover,
biochemical composition of muscular and connective tissues.
The authors hope that the use of this guide will improve the
level of students’ knowledge and score in exams.

, Contents
I semester

1. Objectives and assignments of biochemistry. Aims and methods of biochemical
investigations, their clinical and diagnostic significance
………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Structure and physico-chemical properties of enzymes. The employment of special
methods for investigation of enzymes in biological material. Study of mechanisms
and kinetics of enzymatic reaction
………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Regulation of enzymatic reactions and mechanisms of enzymopathias appearance.
Medical enzymology
………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. The role of cofactors, vitamins and their coenzyme forms in enzyme catalysis.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. Metabolic pathways and bioenergetics. Tricarboxylic acid cycle and its regulation
………………………………………………………………………………………………
6. Biological oxidation and oxidative phopshorylation. Mechanisms of ATP synthesis.
Inhibition and uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation
………………………………………………………………………………………………
7. Studies on glycolysis – oxidation of carbohydrates under anaerobic conditions.
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. Glucose oxidation under aerobic conditions and alternative metabolic pathways of
monosaccharides metabolism
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. Breakdown and biosynthesis of glycogen. Regulation of glycogen metabolism,
biosynthesis of glucose – gluconeogenesis
………………………………………………………………………………………………
10. Studies on mechanisms of metabolic and humoral regulation of carbohydrate
metabolism. Diabetes mellitus
………………………………………………………………………………………………
11. Catabolism and biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. Intracellular
lipolysis and molecular mechanisms of its regulation
………………………………………………………………………………………………
12. β-Oxidation and biosynthesis of fatty acids. Metabolism of fatty acids and
ketone bodies
………………………………………………………………………………………………
13. Biosynthesis and biotransformation of cholesterol. Disorders of lipid
metabolism: steatorrhea, atherosclerosis, obesity. Transport forms of lipids –
lipoproteins of blood plasma
……………………………………………………………………………………………...
14. Studies on amino acid metabolism (deamination, transamination,
decarboxylation)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
15. Detoxification of ammonia and urea biosynthesis

………………………………………………………………………………………………
16. Metabolism of individual amino acids. Biosynthesis of porphyrins. Porphyrias

.………………………………………………………………………………………………