PHIl Ethics_ Sophia final Milestone, Complete Questions & Answers (already passsed)

PHIl Ethics_ Sophia final Milestone The ethical position that evaluates the morality of an action solely on the results of that action is . CONCEPT Different Considerations for Evaluating Action s 2 Which of the following people would be most satisfied with virtue- based ethics? CONCEPT Support for Virtue-Based Ethics 3 According to egoism, what might an egoist think about when compelled to serve on a jury? CONCEPT Applying Egoism 4 Choose the true statement about virtue-based ethics. CONCEPT Virtue-Based Ethics 5 In Kantian deontology, the categorical imperative must be derived from . • possible consequences • reason • moral law • duty CONCEPT Kantian Deontology 6 According to Kantian deontology, which of the following would make an act permissible? CONCEPT Commitments of Kantian Deontology 7 Which of the following is a weak inductive argument? • Things that are blue are sad. The sky is blue, so it must be sad. • People who like wine think they're a big deal. Aaron thinks he's a big deal, so he must like wine. CONCEPT Evaluating the Structure of an Argument 8 Because she is a teacher who works with children, Yuki is required by law to report suspected abuse. One day a student says that his dad frequently hits him after having a drink. Despite the boy's insistence that it's a secret, Yuki informs the school office, which calls the authorities. Yuki's decision constitutes a(n) action. CONCEPT The Evaluation of Actions 9 Francis believes that every person should have ambition. Which of the following actions is inconsistent with his belief? CONCEPT Establishing a Consistent Value System 10 Which of the following represents rule utilitarianism? CONCEPT Act and Rule Utilitarianism 11 Karl receives a call from the local police, who are concerned that his son may be growing and distributing an illegal (but not dangerous) drug. Karl knows this suspicion to be true. If he admits it to the police, his son will be arrested, and their family’s name will be tarnished. If he lies, the police will assume the tip they got was false and go away. Most people are split on this issue. How might it be evaluated by a utilitarian? Karl’s lying is morally wrong because his obligation to the state is more important than his son staying out of trouble, even though it would bring about no benefit for the state. • Karl’s lying is morally wrong because it is sinful to lie, even when the consequences are less than desirable. CONCEPT Applying Utilitarianism 12 Which of the following statements in support of divine command theory is true? CONCEPT Support for Divine Command Theory 13 Which of the following statements about divine command theory is true? CONCEPT Divine Command Theory Susan is studying the morality of taking terminally ill patients off life support. After thorough research and consideration of many different views, she argues that doctors have a moral obligation to use whatever means are available to preserve a patient's life. Which step of philosophical inquiry has Susan done? • Specify your question • Identify positions on the question • Advance a thesis and justification • Evaluate positions CONCEPT The Philosophical Approach to Inquiry 15 Which of the following critiques represents a challenge to virtue- based ethics? CONCEPT Problems with Virtue-Based Ethics 16 Which of the following statements supports egoism? • The rule of law motivates actions for individuals. • A society is more just if it enforces laws for the benefit of everyone. • Ethical standards are easily upheld when they benefit others. • A flourishing society requires flourishing individuals. CONCEPT Support for Egoism 17 An argument is invalid, but the conclusion is true. Which of the following terms best describes the argument? CONCEPT Evaluating an Argument 18 Which of the following statements reflects subjectivism? • Dennis says that morality is universal. CONCEPT Categorizing Ethical Theories You skipped this question and it was marked incorrect. Which of the following is an inductive argument? CONCEPT Deductive and Inductive Inference 20 "People who are generous help those in need however they can." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? Egoism • Virtue-based ethics CONCEPT Case Study: Wealth Distribution 21 How might a Kantian deontologist evaluate cheating on an assignment? CONCEPT Applying Kantian Deontology 22 Which of the following observations poses a challenge to the cultural differences argument? • No culture has ever willingly assimilated to another culture's beliefs and norms. CONCEPT Problems with Conventionalism 23 The statement, "I will read a book when I get bored so as to improve my mind," is a . CONCEPT The Formulation of Universal Law 24 Which of the following is a benefit of philosophy? CONCEPT Benefits of Philosophy and Ethics 25 Which of the following scenarios would be impermissible for an egoist? • Keith gives up the comfort of home to realize his dream of playing in the NBA. • Kevin works late, even though he doesn't get paid and has nothing to gain from it. • Katie picks up litter on the street because she wants to live in a clean neighborhood. • Krysta has some time to kill, so she sits in the mall and watches people go by. CONCEPT Commitments of Egoism Show Less