SLP Praxis - Practice Questions and Answers(Completed)

A _____________ may or many not be a speech sound; the term refers generally to any sounds that can be produced by the vocal tract Phone The influence of one phoneme upon another in production and perception wherein two different articulators move simultaneously to produce two different speech sounds Coarticulation _________ are produced when the dorsum of the tongue contracts the velum. Describing consonants this way is according to place Linguavelrs; Place The fundamental frequency or first harmonic is know as Lowest frequency of a periodic wave In _____________ speech sounds are modified due to the influence of adjacent sounds Assimilation Consonants can be described according to Place, voice, manner ___________ are produced by lowering the velum keeping the VP port open Nasals ____________ are movements of particles in a medium containing expansions and contractions of molecules Sound Waves ____________ an electronic instrument that graphically records the changing intensity levels of the frequency components in a complex sound wave Sound Spectrograph A young child who says "up" when someone picks up a ball is using the relation of Locative action What age does a child begin to use reduplicated babbling? 4-6 months A child says "jump [on] bed". This is an example of what type of semantic relation? Action + Locative First grammatical morpheme in Brown's 14? Present Progressive -ing When do most children use "all gone" to express emerging negation? Between 1-2 years of age At what age do children have an average MLU of 6.0 - 8.0? 5-6 years Which language development theory states that language develops because people are motivated to interact socially with others around them? Social Interactionism Theory Proponents of the ______________ theory are mostly concerned with cognitive functioning, not cognitive structures or concepts. Information processing According to __________ theory, language acquisition is made possible by cognition and general intellectual processing Cognitive theory Skinner is associated with what theory? Behavioralist or behavioral According to Piaget's theory of cognitive development a 0-2 year old child is is the ___________ period. Sensorimotor Hint: Young children are discovering their environment with there senses The English language has how many speech sounds that are classified as consonants or vowels? 46 When a child produces a posteriorly placed consonant instead of an anteriorly placed consonant they are using what phonological process? Backing General factors related to SSD include: Gender, IQ, birth order, sib status, socioeconomic status, lang development & academic performance, Auditory discrimination skills "Hallmark" of childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) Inconsistent errors Children with mild hearing loss due to fluid/infections my exhibit the following Final consonant deletion, stridency, fronting __________ treatment activities include sound blending, rhyming, and alliteration Phonological awareness An important structure adjacent to the brainstem that contains the hypothalamus and thalamus is the _____________ Diencephalon The corpus striatum is composed of 3 nuclear masses which are the -Globus pallidus -Caudate nucleus -Putamen These separate the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway Aryepiglottic Folds The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and also innervates the levator veli palatini, palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles is Cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve Muscles that contribute to velopharyngeal closure through tensing or elevating the velum are the -Palatoglossus -Tensor veli palatini -Levator veli palatini The structure at the inferior position of the tongue that connects the tongue with the mandible is called the Lingual frenum The muscle most involved in the production of the voiced and voiceless /th/ is Genioglossus (which forms the bulk of the tongue) Which muscles are most involved in adducting the VFs? Lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids Coarticulation refers to The influence of one phoneme upon another in production & perception when 2 different articulators move simultaneously to produce 2 different speech sounds The 2 properties of a medium that affect sound transmission are Mass & elasticity The back-and-forth movement of air molecules because of a vibrating object is known as Oscillation The lowest frequency of a periodic wave is also known as The fundamental frequency or first harmonic When 2 or more sounds of differing frequencies are combined, the result is A complex tone; the vibrations that make up this complex tone can be periodic or aperiodic In a periodic complex sound, tones that occur over fundamental frequency and can be characterized as whole-number multiples of the fundamental freq are called Harmonics "red crayon" is an example of which type if semantic relationship? Attribute + entity A child who shows slow, writhing, involuntary movements has which type of cerebral palsy? Athetoid The SCERTS approach involves An emphasis on the importance of targeting goals in social communication and emotional regulation by implementing transactional supports such as visuals, environmental arrangements, and adjustments to communication-style What area is worked on when targeting word retrieval skills? Semantics The articulation therapy approach that emphasizes the syllable as the basic unit of speech production and heavily uses the concept of phonetic environment is McDonald's sensorimotor approach Stuttering in preschool children is more likely on what type of words Function words Who developed to fluent stuttering treatment Van Riper