BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
Chapter 1 (Introduction)
Define microorganisms.
• Organisms (microbes) that a microscope is required to see.
Bacteria, viruses, protozoa algae, fungi, multicellular parasites
Know the ways microorganisms are beneficial.
• Capture energy from son, store in molecules as food for other
organisms
• Decompose dead organisms
• Make nitrogen available and produce oxygen
• As food
o Link in food chain
o Food for humans
• Aid in digestion
• Make beer, wine bread
• Degrade pollutants (Bioremediation)
• Provide antibiotics
• Genetic engineering research
o Produce growth factors
Know the 3 domains of all living organisms.
• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Eukarya
Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
,BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
• Prokaryotes
o No nucleus or membrane covered organelles
o Very small
• Eukaryotes
o Nucleus
o Some small, but most are large
Have a general understanding of the 5 types of microbes: bacteria,
algae, fungi, protozoa, and viruses.
• Bacteria
o Single celled
o Lack nucleus
o Lack membrane enclosed organelles
o Multiply by binary fission
o Obtain nutrients by absorption or photosynthesis
• Algae
o Single celled and multicellular
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
o Photosynthesis
o Only Prototheca causes disease
• Fungi
o Single and multi celled
o Molds and yeasts
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
,BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
o Nutrient by absorption
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
, BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
• Protozoa
o Single-celled
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
o Some visible with naked eye
o Nutrients by ingestation/engulf
• Viruses
o Acellular
o Nucleic acid with protein coat
o Invade cells and cause disease
o Viriods
▪ Simpler than viruses
▪ Short RNA with no coat
o Prions
▪ Infectious protein particle
o Intracellular obligate parasites
▪ Must live inside host cell to survive
Know the names of the scientists who contributed to the field of
microbiology and their contributions (do not have to know any dates).
• Robert Hooke
o 1st to describe cellular structure (tree bark)
o Single lens microscope (1660)
• Antony van Leeuwenhoek
o First “microscope” (1973)
o First view organisms at 100x-300x
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
Chapter 1 (Introduction)
Define microorganisms.
• Organisms (microbes) that a microscope is required to see.
Bacteria, viruses, protozoa algae, fungi, multicellular parasites
Know the ways microorganisms are beneficial.
• Capture energy from son, store in molecules as food for other
organisms
• Decompose dead organisms
• Make nitrogen available and produce oxygen
• As food
o Link in food chain
o Food for humans
• Aid in digestion
• Make beer, wine bread
• Degrade pollutants (Bioremediation)
• Provide antibiotics
• Genetic engineering research
o Produce growth factors
Know the 3 domains of all living organisms.
• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Eukarya
Compare prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
,BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
• Prokaryotes
o No nucleus or membrane covered organelles
o Very small
• Eukaryotes
o Nucleus
o Some small, but most are large
Have a general understanding of the 5 types of microbes: bacteria,
algae, fungi, protozoa, and viruses.
• Bacteria
o Single celled
o Lack nucleus
o Lack membrane enclosed organelles
o Multiply by binary fission
o Obtain nutrients by absorption or photosynthesis
• Algae
o Single celled and multicellular
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
o Photosynthesis
o Only Prototheca causes disease
• Fungi
o Single and multi celled
o Molds and yeasts
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
,BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
o Nutrient by absorption
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
, BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
• Protozoa
o Single-celled
o Has nucleus
o Has organelles
o Some visible with naked eye
o Nutrients by ingestation/engulf
• Viruses
o Acellular
o Nucleic acid with protein coat
o Invade cells and cause disease
o Viriods
▪ Simpler than viruses
▪ Short RNA with no coat
o Prions
▪ Infectious protein particle
o Intracellular obligate parasites
▪ Must live inside host cell to survive
Know the names of the scientists who contributed to the field of
microbiology and their contributions (do not have to know any dates).
• Robert Hooke
o 1st to describe cellular structure (tree bark)
o Single lens microscope (1660)
• Antony van Leeuwenhoek
o First “microscope” (1973)
o First view organisms at 100x-300x
BIO 242 MICRO LECTURE EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS BEST RATED A+ NEW UPDATE 2022
