CMY3702 - TUT 101 /2021 Assignment 2(Semester 1)

The term "division or arrangement of crime data into specific classes" refers to? Crime Classification Which category of white-collar crime is characterised by crime in which people use their institutional or business position to trick others out of their money? Stings and Swindles (Swing or Sting) 01:00 01:33 Which contemporary crime categories reflect Schafer's life trend typology? Occasional, habitual, abnormal & conventional criminals Which category of white-collar crime is characterised by powerful institutions or their representatives who wilfully violate the laws that restrain these institutions from doing social harm or that require them to do social good? Corporate Crime Identify the crimes heavily dependent on police action for detection They are : Illegal possession of firearms and ammunition, driving under the influence of alcohol and drugs and other drug-related crime. Organised crime, can be defined as, "any crime for gain that uses deception as its principle modus operandi" according to the author ... Wells [which] crimes are a varied assortment of offences, and are known also as vice offences, consensual offences, victimless crimes and even nuisance offences. Public Order There are normally three (3) key stages that underpin any instance of money laundering, namely, placement, ... and ... layering and integration Organised crimes in the form of serious commercial crimes include the following; Serious corruption and computer-related/cyber crimes. Select the strategies that can be implemented to prevent and control illegal trade in endangered species. - Well-trained and adequately paid staff - Establishing a computer database - Effective legislation - Allowing controlled trade in endangered species - Educational and awareness programmes - Interagency co-operation - Empowerment of rural communities on game and nature reserves - Effective law enforcement (compliance management) In South Africa, the drug of choice for the poor during the apartheid years was a mixture of Mandrax and marijuana, known as "...". White Pipe Which of the following options is NOT an example of corrupt behaviour? Supplying organised crime syndicates with rhino horns and raw diamonds (reason being there is no illegal exercising of duty which occurs here, it is regarded as a crime however without the presence of corruption ) Identify the correct theory, which holds that crime can be thwarted by the threat of punishment, and if penalties are severe enough to prevent the convicted criminal from repeating the crime. Deterrence theory Identify the correct theory, which holds that social positions prevalent in certain neighbourhoods can be linked to criminality and urban decay. Social disorganisation theory Which theory assumes that slum dwellers violate the law because they belong to a unique subculture that exists in lower-class areas? Cultural deviance theory Like the concepts of democracy and justice, organised crime remains something that will always elicit endless disputes. We can only form judgements about its ... in the ... in which it occurs. nature; specific contexts The United Nations Convention (2000) against transnational organised crime developed a systematic approach to organised crime and under this convention, governments committed themselves to: -Criminalising offences committed by organised crime groups, such as corruption - Cracking down on money laundering and the proceeds of crime - Tightening cooperation to seek out and prosecute suspects (there are more options please see pg 51-52) Identify the relevant characteristics of the Nigerian 419 scam (Advance Fee Fraud): Operate on a strict "need-to-know" basis and some degree of criminal collaboration and infrastructure. What category of conservation crime refers to a growing field that explores how actual criminal events involve interaction between motivated individuals and the surrounding social, economic, legal and physical environments? Environmental criminology According to the Bill of Rights in the 1996 Constitution everyone has the right to an environment which is not harmful to their ... and to have the environment protected through reasonable ... and other measures. health; legislative What does waste that includes acids, toxic chemicals and explosives refer to? Hazardous waste Swanepoel (1998) identified three (3) categories of traders in the illegal trade in rhino horn. These are: Wholesalers, poachers and runners Identify the correct factor contributing to illegal trade in endangered species when political and economic interests often hinder police cooperation and in the prevention of illegal trading in endangered fauna and flora across borders. Inadequate law enforcement and legislation The illegal trade in endangered species not only affects the species itself, but the interest groups involved as well. Identify the most important victims: National parks, non-governmental organisations and private owners Sutherland found that one of the problems with identifying white-collar crimes, was that they were not handled by the law courts, but were resolved.. Administratively