SOC 100 Week 4 Quiz 3 - Strayer University NEW UPDATE
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. The tragic case of Anna, the isolated girl studied by Kingsley Davis, shows that:
a. humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species.
b. without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action.
c. personality is present in humans at birth.
d. many human instincts disappear after the first few years of life.
(Factual; answer: b; page 112)
2. What concept refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop
their potential and learn culture?
a. socialization
b. personality
c. human nature
d. behaviorism
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 112)
3. What concept refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?
a. socialization
b. behavior
c. human nature
d. personality
(Conceptual; answer: d; page 112)
4. The social sciences, including sociology, make the claim that:
a. humans have instincts that guide our lives.
b. biological forces underlie human culture.
c. as humans, to nurture is our nature.
d. Darwin’s model of biological evolution explains patterns of human culture.
(Factual; answer: c; page 112)
5. Which theory developed by the psychologist John B. Watson claims human behavior is
not instinctive but learned within a social environment?
a. behaviorism
b. biological psychology
c. evolutionary psychology
d. naturalism
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 113)
6. In the nature versus nurture debate, sociologists claim that:
86
, a. nature is far more important than nurture.
b. nurture is far more important than nature.
c. nature and nurture have equal importance.
d. neither nature nor nurture creates the essence of our humanity.
(Applied; answer: b; page 113)
7. The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys
showed that:
a. monkeys isolated for six months were highly fearful when returned to others of
their kind.
b. isolated monkeys able to cuddle artificial mothers developed normally.
c. even several days of social isolation permanently damaged infant monkeys.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Factual; answer: a; pages 113-114)
8. Based on both the Harlows’ research with rhesus monkeys and the case of Anna, the
isolated child, one might reasonably conclude that:
a. the two species react differently to social isolation.
b. both monkeys and humans "bounce back" from long-term isolation.
c. even a few days of social isolation permanently damages both monkeys and
humans.
d. long-term social isolation leads to permanent developmental damage in both
monkeys and humans.
(Applied; answer: d; pages 113-114)
9. If you were to put together the lesson learned from the cases of Anna, Isabelle, and
Genie, you would correctly conclude that:
a. social experience plays a crucial part in forming human personality.
b. both social experience and the presence of the birth mother are crucial to early
development.
c. the effect of long-term social isolation can be overcome in a relatively short time.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Applied; answer: a; pages 114)
10. Our basic drives or needs as humans are reflected in Freud's concept of:
a. superego.
b. ego.
c. id.
d. generalized other.
(Conceptual; answer: c; page 115)
11. In Freud's model of personality, which element of the personality represents a person’s
efforts to balance the demands of society and innate pleasure-seeking drives?
87
, a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. generalized other
(Conceptual; answer: b; page 115)
12. In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the
individual?
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. thanatos
(Conceptual; answer: c; page 115)
13. Applying Freud's thinking to a sociological analysis of personality development, you
would conclude that:
a. human behavior is basically random.
b. humans have basic, self-centered drives that must be controlled by learning the
ways of society.
c. societies encourage people to become self-centered.
d. humans can never become cultural creatures.
(Applied; answer: b; page 115)
14. Jean Piaget's focus was on:
a. how children develop their motor skills.
b. how children are stimulated by their environment.
c. the role of heredity in shaping human behavior.
d. cognition, or how people think and understand.
(Factual; answer: d; pages 115-116)
15. According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the
world only through sensory contact?
a. sensorimotor stage
b. preoperational stage
c. concrete operational stage
d. formal operational stage
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 116)
16. For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and
other cultural symbols?
a. sensorimotor stage
88
, b. preoperational stage
c. concrete operational stage
d. formal operational stage
(Conceptual; answer: b; page 116)
17. The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was:
a. cognition.
b. the importance of gender in socialization.
c. moral reasoning.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Factual; answer: c; page 117)
18. Carol Gilligan extended Kohlberg’s research, showing that:
a. girls and boys typically assess situations as right and wrong using different
standards.
b. girls are more interested in right and wrong than boys are.
c. boys are more interested in right and wrong than girls are.
d. the ability to assess situations as right and wrong typically develops only as young
people enter the teenage years.
(Factual; answer: a; pages 117-118)
19. Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that:
a. girls begin with low self-esteem, but it gradually increases as they progress
through adolescence.
b. at all ages, girls have higher self-esteem than boys.
c. at all ages, boys have higher self-esteem than girls.
d. girls begin with high levels of self-esteem, which gradually decrease as they go
through adolescence.
(Factual; answer: d; page 118)
20. George Herbert Mead considered the self to be:
a. that part of an individual's personality composed of self-awareness and self-
image.
b. the presence of culture within the individual.
c. basic drives that are self-centered.
d. present in infants at the time of their birth.
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 118)
21. Mead placed the origin of the self in:
a. biological drives.
b. genetics.
89
MULTIPLE-CHOICE QUESTIONS
1. The tragic case of Anna, the isolated girl studied by Kingsley Davis, shows that:
a. humans have most of the same instincts found in other animal species.
b. without social experience, a child is incapable of thought or meaningful action.
c. personality is present in humans at birth.
d. many human instincts disappear after the first few years of life.
(Factual; answer: b; page 112)
2. What concept refers to the lifelong social experience by which human beings develop
their potential and learn culture?
a. socialization
b. personality
c. human nature
d. behaviorism
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 112)
3. What concept refers to a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?
a. socialization
b. behavior
c. human nature
d. personality
(Conceptual; answer: d; page 112)
4. The social sciences, including sociology, make the claim that:
a. humans have instincts that guide our lives.
b. biological forces underlie human culture.
c. as humans, to nurture is our nature.
d. Darwin’s model of biological evolution explains patterns of human culture.
(Factual; answer: c; page 112)
5. Which theory developed by the psychologist John B. Watson claims human behavior is
not instinctive but learned within a social environment?
a. behaviorism
b. biological psychology
c. evolutionary psychology
d. naturalism
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 113)
6. In the nature versus nurture debate, sociologists claim that:
86
, a. nature is far more important than nurture.
b. nurture is far more important than nature.
c. nature and nurture have equal importance.
d. neither nature nor nurture creates the essence of our humanity.
(Applied; answer: b; page 113)
7. The Harlow experiments to discover the effects of social isolation on rhesus monkeys
showed that:
a. monkeys isolated for six months were highly fearful when returned to others of
their kind.
b. isolated monkeys able to cuddle artificial mothers developed normally.
c. even several days of social isolation permanently damaged infant monkeys.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Factual; answer: a; pages 113-114)
8. Based on both the Harlows’ research with rhesus monkeys and the case of Anna, the
isolated child, one might reasonably conclude that:
a. the two species react differently to social isolation.
b. both monkeys and humans "bounce back" from long-term isolation.
c. even a few days of social isolation permanently damages both monkeys and
humans.
d. long-term social isolation leads to permanent developmental damage in both
monkeys and humans.
(Applied; answer: d; pages 113-114)
9. If you were to put together the lesson learned from the cases of Anna, Isabelle, and
Genie, you would correctly conclude that:
a. social experience plays a crucial part in forming human personality.
b. both social experience and the presence of the birth mother are crucial to early
development.
c. the effect of long-term social isolation can be overcome in a relatively short time.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Applied; answer: a; pages 114)
10. Our basic drives or needs as humans are reflected in Freud's concept of:
a. superego.
b. ego.
c. id.
d. generalized other.
(Conceptual; answer: c; page 115)
11. In Freud's model of personality, which element of the personality represents a person’s
efforts to balance the demands of society and innate pleasure-seeking drives?
87
, a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. generalized other
(Conceptual; answer: b; page 115)
12. In Freud's model of personality, what represents the presence of culture within the
individual?
a. id
b. ego
c. superego
d. thanatos
(Conceptual; answer: c; page 115)
13. Applying Freud's thinking to a sociological analysis of personality development, you
would conclude that:
a. human behavior is basically random.
b. humans have basic, self-centered drives that must be controlled by learning the
ways of society.
c. societies encourage people to become self-centered.
d. humans can never become cultural creatures.
(Applied; answer: b; page 115)
14. Jean Piaget's focus was on:
a. how children develop their motor skills.
b. how children are stimulated by their environment.
c. the role of heredity in shaping human behavior.
d. cognition, or how people think and understand.
(Factual; answer: d; pages 115-116)
15. According to Piaget, in what stage of human development do individuals experience the
world only through sensory contact?
a. sensorimotor stage
b. preoperational stage
c. concrete operational stage
d. formal operational stage
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 116)
16. For Jean Piaget, at which stage of development do individuals first use language and
other cultural symbols?
a. sensorimotor stage
88
, b. preoperational stage
c. concrete operational stage
d. formal operational stage
(Conceptual; answer: b; page 116)
17. The focus of Lawrence Kohlberg's research was:
a. cognition.
b. the importance of gender in socialization.
c. moral reasoning.
d. All of the above are correct.
(Factual; answer: c; page 117)
18. Carol Gilligan extended Kohlberg’s research, showing that:
a. girls and boys typically assess situations as right and wrong using different
standards.
b. girls are more interested in right and wrong than boys are.
c. boys are more interested in right and wrong than girls are.
d. the ability to assess situations as right and wrong typically develops only as young
people enter the teenage years.
(Factual; answer: a; pages 117-118)
19. Carol Gilligan's work on the issue of self-esteem in girls showed that:
a. girls begin with low self-esteem, but it gradually increases as they progress
through adolescence.
b. at all ages, girls have higher self-esteem than boys.
c. at all ages, boys have higher self-esteem than girls.
d. girls begin with high levels of self-esteem, which gradually decrease as they go
through adolescence.
(Factual; answer: d; page 118)
20. George Herbert Mead considered the self to be:
a. that part of an individual's personality composed of self-awareness and self-
image.
b. the presence of culture within the individual.
c. basic drives that are self-centered.
d. present in infants at the time of their birth.
(Conceptual; answer: a; page 118)
21. Mead placed the origin of the self in:
a. biological drives.
b. genetics.
89
