Summary Physical properties of organic compounds

Thriftiest properties of organic torrentz.ws
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polar substances dissolve in polar solvents

you polar substances dissolve in non polar solvents
.
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* to form hydrogen
① ability to form hydrogen bonds with water bond with water ,
molecule 49s -10 be
→
↑ ability -10 form hydrogen bonds with water ↑ solubility
, polar and must
contain 9 highly
② nonpolar character electronegative 9-10M
like ◦ ◦ rN
→
the shorter / smaller The hydrocarbon portion ,
the smaller its nonpolar character , the more soluble compound

③ same functional group
/ molecular mass ↑ results in ↓ solubility in water
④ different molecule size /

writing point
✓ dipole dipole forces }
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ethers dispersion forces
911<9495 aldehydes
9 / Keyes < Ketones < 209miyes /
◦
qmiyes amides with H bonded -10N
< < alcohols < carboxylic acids <

alkynes ester
3.
◦
amines 6

4 increasing strength of hydrogen bonds + dipole dipole forces } dispersion forces
-




typically
comparison across same functional groups
°


dispersion
forces
① ↑
same functional group
/ molecular mass

↑ boiling point ↑ intermolecular forces
different molecular mass / because


②
\↑ 1- branching causes ↓ surface area
same functional UP
✗
resulting in ↓ intermolecular forces
same general formula extend of branching

presence of branching / ↓ boiling point




Ñ✓✓MtÑ boiling point and solubility in water
the stronger the dispersion
forces the more energy
,




CH3 CH3 needed -10 Overcome during boil
CH3
I " CH37
CH3 CH3
CH3
/
"
27cm / hey
"
,
/
"
21cm } CH3
/
"
that ,
/
CH3 -
,-
/ a,
/


IH3 CH3 IH3
6=3,4 dimethyl pentave
-
D= / methyl butane
-
E =
2. 2. 3,4 -

tetrqwethylpeitqre
[ 91120 C5H / 2 C9H 20
nonpolar
/
C. D , and E9H 9lkqiresm.io/ispersionforcesh9stobeovercowe9 during boiling
C3E have greater molar mgssthanb ,
:b has the weakest dispersion force

becqysechqsfewerbrqycvescovypgredl-OE.ir/cveqsingC'smolecylqrsyrfqceqveqi.chqs-hes-wng.es/- dispersion forces
Ehqsqsmgllermotecylqrsyrfqceqve9-49nc.by/- greater than D. i. strength of dispersion in E1-9HS between cgndb

ANSWER : C
,
D ,
E
◦
decreasing boiling point


131cm CH22
"
CH2 CH21
§\NHz
OH /
[µ
_
nay , / / vs
, CH2 /
,

1+1 dipole dipole "'
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}
-




4) dispersion 1+1 dipole dipole -
:
has higher boiling point

OH
4) dispersion



[µ,
/
CH2
us
CH3Y
◦ '
CH3 CH3
/
"
2)
[µ / CH21 /
OH
vsqyjCHZIC.tk/CH2l( µ
1- hydrogen bonding ability with H20 I
4) hydrogen bond
i. higher boiling point