Portage Learning- BIOD 101 Exam 1
What is matter and what states can it exist in? - Answer Matter is anything that takes up
space, by having volume, and has mass. Can exist in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state.
Explain the difference between essential and trace elements - Answer Essential
elements are required for human life. Trace elements are only required in small
quantities
Describe an ionic bond - Answer formed when ions of molecules of opposite charge are
attracted to one another
Describe a covalent bond - Answer formed when electrons are shared equally between
two atoms to complete the valence shells of both
Describe a hydrogen bond - Answer formed by electrostatic interactions between
molecules- relatively weak and breaks easily
True or False: Anions are positive charged ions whereas cations are negatively charged
ions. - Answer False: cations are positively charged ions whereas anions are negatively
charged ions
Which of the following is not one of the organic compounds that make up a
biomacromolecule; lipids, proteins, ribosomes, or carbohydrates - Answer Ribosomes
What are carbohydrates? - Answer Carbohydrates are the primary source of fuel for
organisms and have the same three elements in their structure; carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen
Why are lipids unique among the biomacromolecules? - Answer They are unique
because most of them are insoluble in water. Lipids also are not monomers and instead
are assembled from smaller molecules that are chemically linked together
Why are lipids insoluble in water? - Answer Lipids are insoluble in water because they
are made of non polar hydrocarbon chains. Water is polar meaning that it can only
dissolve other polar or ionically bonded substances.
How are phospholipids arranged? - Answer Phospholipids are made up of a hydrophilic
head and a hydrophobic tail.
Name the functions of proteins as mentioned in the module - Answer Can act as
enzymes and regulate metabolic functions, store amino acids, act as hormones, form
antibodies for immunological defense, act as carriers for transport and the formation of
membrane channels, form cell surface receptors to receive chemical messages, and act
as structural molecules for support and movement
What is matter and what states can it exist in? - Answer Matter is anything that takes up
space, by having volume, and has mass. Can exist in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state.
Explain the difference between essential and trace elements - Answer Essential
elements are required for human life. Trace elements are only required in small
quantities
Describe an ionic bond - Answer formed when ions of molecules of opposite charge are
attracted to one another
Describe a covalent bond - Answer formed when electrons are shared equally between
two atoms to complete the valence shells of both
Describe a hydrogen bond - Answer formed by electrostatic interactions between
molecules- relatively weak and breaks easily
True or False: Anions are positive charged ions whereas cations are negatively charged
ions. - Answer False: cations are positively charged ions whereas anions are negatively
charged ions
Which of the following is not one of the organic compounds that make up a
biomacromolecule; lipids, proteins, ribosomes, or carbohydrates - Answer Ribosomes
What are carbohydrates? - Answer Carbohydrates are the primary source of fuel for
organisms and have the same three elements in their structure; carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen
Why are lipids unique among the biomacromolecules? - Answer They are unique
because most of them are insoluble in water. Lipids also are not monomers and instead
are assembled from smaller molecules that are chemically linked together
Why are lipids insoluble in water? - Answer Lipids are insoluble in water because they
are made of non polar hydrocarbon chains. Water is polar meaning that it can only
dissolve other polar or ionically bonded substances.
How are phospholipids arranged? - Answer Phospholipids are made up of a hydrophilic
head and a hydrophobic tail.
Name the functions of proteins as mentioned in the module - Answer Can act as
enzymes and regulate metabolic functions, store amino acids, act as hormones, form
antibodies for immunological defense, act as carriers for transport and the formation of
membrane channels, form cell surface receptors to receive chemical messages, and act
as structural molecules for support and movement
