Microbiology, Module 5, Portage
Learning
universal precautions - Answer any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to
be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials
process of microbial analysis - Answer SSMPGRC/staying sexy makes people get really
cool (size/shape, motility, picture, gram +/-, reactions, color)
Streptococcus - Answer a Gram positive, round bacteria that tend to link together in
chain-like structures/ catalase negative, meaning it cannot breakdown peroxides
blood agar plate - Answer plate on which strep is often cultured
As there are numerous subtypes of streptococcus, culturing on BAP is perhaps the
quickest way to identify and classify a potential streptococcus microbe based on its
____________. - Answer hemolytic properties
Lancefield groupings - Answer Antigenic groupings of beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, all
are catalase-negative and coagulase-negative, the distinction lies in the carbohydrate
composition of bacterial antigens located in the cell wall.
Streptococcal pharyngitis - Answer {Strep throat} Group A disease characterized by
fever, enlargement of lymph nodes in the neck and a reddening within the lining of the
throat surface tissue causing soreness and discomfort. Causative agent is
streptococcus pyrogenes.
If left untreated, Strep Shroat and Scarlet Fever can progress to ____________. -
Answer rheumatic fever (occurs in approximately 3% of untreated cases of
streptococcal pharyngitis, presenting approximately 2-3 weeks post-infection.)
rheumatic fever symptoms - Answer Presents with an inflammation of the joints,
involuntary jerking movements, the development of pea-sized nodules beneath the skin,
and reddened areas with raised edges over the surface of the skin
The most serious development of rheumatic fever is the damage to ________________
as the bacteria targets this organ - Answer heart valves
Treatment of rheumatic fever: - Answer penicillin
Inflammation of the heart tissues in Rheumatic Fever occurs due to the similarities
between _____________ found within heart tissue and those belonging to
Streptococcus. - Answer antigens
, (antibodies meant to destroy the microbe have the potential to (undesirably) cross-react
with the heart tissue, causing further inflammation and damage.
Streptococcal septicemia - Answer {Blood Poisoning} Caused by a Group B
streptococcus infection of the blood but can also secondarily infect other surrounding
tissues. The host response (fever, increased heart rate, etc) to the infectious foreign
agent and not just the foreign microbe alone can be equally damaging to the body.
septicemia - Answer A serious, life-threatening infection that worsens quickly due to its
systemic nature, can arise from infections in the lungs, abdomen, or urinary tract and
may precede or accompany meningitis or endocarditis.
Septicemia is not limited to just Streptococcus but can also be caused by other foreign
microbes including species of E. coli, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella.
symptoms of septicemia - Answer fever, chills, rapid breathing and an increased heart
rate/rapidly progress to shock (with fever or hypothermia) and a decrease in blood
pressure
treatment of septicemia - Answer antibiotics, IV fluids and oxygen
Staphylococcus - Answer a Gram positive, round bacteria that tend to form grape-like
clusters/ both catalase & coagulase-positive & is a facultative anaerobe
facultative anaerobe - Answer capable of growth both aerobically & anaerobically
commensal bacterium - Answer neither harms nor benefits the host from which it
obtains nutrients, ex. Staph
folliculitis - Answer (Staph aureus) affects the hair follicles causing the formation of
lesions called pustules, larger pus-filled skin lesions (boils and carbuncles) can also
develop anywhere on the surface of the skin
scalded skin syndrome - Answer (Staph aureus) most often seen in young children and
infants, causes pustules to rupture yielding a 'scalded' appearance due to the peeling of
the skin
Stapholococcus treatment - Answer penicillin or erythromycin antibiotics
impetigo - Answer (Staph aureus) a contagious childhood skin disease and presents as
fluid-filled red sores near the mouth and/or nose/when ruptured, scratched or rubbed
the infection can be spread to other parts of the body or to anyone who comes into
direct contact with the fluid
Learning
universal precautions - Answer any and all samples, whether known or unknown, are to
be treated as potentially hazardous (or pathogenic) materials
process of microbial analysis - Answer SSMPGRC/staying sexy makes people get really
cool (size/shape, motility, picture, gram +/-, reactions, color)
Streptococcus - Answer a Gram positive, round bacteria that tend to link together in
chain-like structures/ catalase negative, meaning it cannot breakdown peroxides
blood agar plate - Answer plate on which strep is often cultured
As there are numerous subtypes of streptococcus, culturing on BAP is perhaps the
quickest way to identify and classify a potential streptococcus microbe based on its
____________. - Answer hemolytic properties
Lancefield groupings - Answer Antigenic groupings of beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, all
are catalase-negative and coagulase-negative, the distinction lies in the carbohydrate
composition of bacterial antigens located in the cell wall.
Streptococcal pharyngitis - Answer {Strep throat} Group A disease characterized by
fever, enlargement of lymph nodes in the neck and a reddening within the lining of the
throat surface tissue causing soreness and discomfort. Causative agent is
streptococcus pyrogenes.
If left untreated, Strep Shroat and Scarlet Fever can progress to ____________. -
Answer rheumatic fever (occurs in approximately 3% of untreated cases of
streptococcal pharyngitis, presenting approximately 2-3 weeks post-infection.)
rheumatic fever symptoms - Answer Presents with an inflammation of the joints,
involuntary jerking movements, the development of pea-sized nodules beneath the skin,
and reddened areas with raised edges over the surface of the skin
The most serious development of rheumatic fever is the damage to ________________
as the bacteria targets this organ - Answer heart valves
Treatment of rheumatic fever: - Answer penicillin
Inflammation of the heart tissues in Rheumatic Fever occurs due to the similarities
between _____________ found within heart tissue and those belonging to
Streptococcus. - Answer antigens
, (antibodies meant to destroy the microbe have the potential to (undesirably) cross-react
with the heart tissue, causing further inflammation and damage.
Streptococcal septicemia - Answer {Blood Poisoning} Caused by a Group B
streptococcus infection of the blood but can also secondarily infect other surrounding
tissues. The host response (fever, increased heart rate, etc) to the infectious foreign
agent and not just the foreign microbe alone can be equally damaging to the body.
septicemia - Answer A serious, life-threatening infection that worsens quickly due to its
systemic nature, can arise from infections in the lungs, abdomen, or urinary tract and
may precede or accompany meningitis or endocarditis.
Septicemia is not limited to just Streptococcus but can also be caused by other foreign
microbes including species of E. coli, Pseudomonas, and Klebsiella.
symptoms of septicemia - Answer fever, chills, rapid breathing and an increased heart
rate/rapidly progress to shock (with fever or hypothermia) and a decrease in blood
pressure
treatment of septicemia - Answer antibiotics, IV fluids and oxygen
Staphylococcus - Answer a Gram positive, round bacteria that tend to form grape-like
clusters/ both catalase & coagulase-positive & is a facultative anaerobe
facultative anaerobe - Answer capable of growth both aerobically & anaerobically
commensal bacterium - Answer neither harms nor benefits the host from which it
obtains nutrients, ex. Staph
folliculitis - Answer (Staph aureus) affects the hair follicles causing the formation of
lesions called pustules, larger pus-filled skin lesions (boils and carbuncles) can also
develop anywhere on the surface of the skin
scalded skin syndrome - Answer (Staph aureus) most often seen in young children and
infants, causes pustules to rupture yielding a 'scalded' appearance due to the peeling of
the skin
Stapholococcus treatment - Answer penicillin or erythromycin antibiotics
impetigo - Answer (Staph aureus) a contagious childhood skin disease and presents as
fluid-filled red sores near the mouth and/or nose/when ruptured, scratched or rubbed
the infection can be spread to other parts of the body or to anyone who comes into
direct contact with the fluid
