Essentials of Pathophysiology (NUR2063) /
Pathophysiology Final Rasmussen University
Winter 2021
1. •Neither recessive nor dominant—co-dominant.
• Hemoglobin S causes erythrocytes to be abnormally shaped.
• Abnormal erythrocytes carry less oxygen and clog vessels, causing hypoxia and tissue ischemia.
Exercise-induced asthma
Chronic Bronchitis
Sickle Cell Anemia
Occupational asthma
2. blood flow reestablished to quickly
Distributive shock
Anaphylactic shock
Reprofusion injury
spinal cord injury
3. •Life-threatening complication of many conditions
• Results from an inappropriate immune response
• Widespread coagulation followed by massive bleeding because of the depletion of clotting factors
• Complications: shock and multisystem organ failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation - DIC
Chronic Bronchitis Manifestations and Treatment
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DIC
Traumatic Brain Injury Complications
4. thyroid gland - T3, T4, calcitonin
parathyroid gland - parathyroid
hormone
during acute respiratory failure
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stress incontinence
secondary brain injury
Glands that regulate calcium
5. altered level of
consciousness BP drops
HR goes
up
hypotensi
ve
Glands that regulate calcium
spinal cord injury
shock sighs and symptoms
Reprofusion injury
6. chest pain that occurs while a person is at rest and not
exerting himself does not get better
hemorrhagic stroke
Bone electrolytes
sickle cell crisis
unstable angina
7. Abnormally low white blood cell count
• Normal range = 5,000 to 10,000 cells/mL3 blood
beta cells
Leukopenia
Pneumonia
CT scan
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8. damage to the alveoli
air can get in, but not out
emphysema lecture
Page 3 of 87
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Normal CO2 levels
anemia symptoms
Stabilize the patient
9. Manifestations
• May be vague and develop slowly, or may be sudden and severe.
• Symptoms may improve and then suddenly worsen.
• The outward appearance of the head is not an indication of the injury severity.
• Not being able to recall event details
• Indications of a concussion
• Changes in or unequal pupil size
• Seizures
• Asymmetrical facial features
• Fluid draining from the nose, mouth, or ears
• Fracture of skull or face
• Bruising of face
• Swelling at site of injury
• Scalp wound
• Impaired hearing, smell, taste, speech, or vision
• Inability to move one or more limbs
• Irritability (especially in children)
• Personality changes
• Unusual behavior
• Loss of consciousness
• Bradypnea
• Hypotension
• Restlessness
• Lack of coordination
• Lethargy
• Stiff neck
• Vomiting
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Manifestations and Treatment
Acute Bronchitis Manifestations
Tuberculosis Manifestations and Treatment
Traumatic Brain Injury Manifestations
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Pathophysiology Final Rasmussen University
Winter 2021
1. •Neither recessive nor dominant—co-dominant.
• Hemoglobin S causes erythrocytes to be abnormally shaped.
• Abnormal erythrocytes carry less oxygen and clog vessels, causing hypoxia and tissue ischemia.
Exercise-induced asthma
Chronic Bronchitis
Sickle Cell Anemia
Occupational asthma
2. blood flow reestablished to quickly
Distributive shock
Anaphylactic shock
Reprofusion injury
spinal cord injury
3. •Life-threatening complication of many conditions
• Results from an inappropriate immune response
• Widespread coagulation followed by massive bleeding because of the depletion of clotting factors
• Complications: shock and multisystem organ failure
Disseminated intravascular coagulation - DIC
Chronic Bronchitis Manifestations and Treatment
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DIC
Traumatic Brain Injury Complications
4. thyroid gland - T3, T4, calcitonin
parathyroid gland - parathyroid
hormone
during acute respiratory failure
1 of 52 3/14/2021, 4:58
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
Material
stress incontinence
secondary brain injury
Glands that regulate calcium
5. altered level of
consciousness BP drops
HR goes
up
hypotensi
ve
Glands that regulate calcium
spinal cord injury
shock sighs and symptoms
Reprofusion injury
6. chest pain that occurs while a person is at rest and not
exerting himself does not get better
hemorrhagic stroke
Bone electrolytes
sickle cell crisis
unstable angina
7. Abnormally low white blood cell count
• Normal range = 5,000 to 10,000 cells/mL3 blood
beta cells
Leukopenia
Pneumonia
CT scan
Page 2 of 87
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
Material
8. damage to the alveoli
air can get in, but not out
emphysema lecture
Page 3 of 87
, Stuvia.com - The Marketplace to Buy and Sell your Study
Material
Normal CO2 levels
anemia symptoms
Stabilize the patient
9. Manifestations
• May be vague and develop slowly, or may be sudden and severe.
• Symptoms may improve and then suddenly worsen.
• The outward appearance of the head is not an indication of the injury severity.
• Not being able to recall event details
• Indications of a concussion
• Changes in or unequal pupil size
• Seizures
• Asymmetrical facial features
• Fluid draining from the nose, mouth, or ears
• Fracture of skull or face
• Bruising of face
• Swelling at site of injury
• Scalp wound
• Impaired hearing, smell, taste, speech, or vision
• Inability to move one or more limbs
• Irritability (especially in children)
• Personality changes
• Unusual behavior
• Loss of consciousness
• Bradypnea
• Hypotension
• Restlessness
• Lack of coordination
• Lethargy
• Stiff neck
• Vomiting
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) Manifestations and Treatment
Acute Bronchitis Manifestations
Tuberculosis Manifestations and Treatment
Traumatic Brain Injury Manifestations
4 of 52 3/14/2021, 4:58
