2022 NASM PRACTICE EXAM.
The Golgi tendon oran is an essential component of static stretching because it Correct Answer:
prevents the muscle from being placed under excessive tension.
Which of the following is the correct force-couple relationship that allows for the upward rotation of the
scapula? Correct Answer: Upper trapezius and lower portions of the serratus an anterior
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through which of the following
vessels? Correct Answer: Pulmonary arteries
Dynamic stretching improves soft tissue extensibility by using which of the following? Correct Answer:
Reciprocal inhibition
The oxidative system is primarily used when a client Correct Answer: jogs for 30 minutes
Which of the following would aid the primary respiratory muscles in breathing after a set of maximum
effort sprints? Correct Answer: Scalenes
When an exercise is high intensity and lasts about 10 seconds, which of the following energy pathways is
predominantly in use? Correct Answer: ATP-PC
A client who is practicing repeated squat exercises in order to create permanent changes in her
technique is exhibiting Correct Answer: motor learning
Which of the following stimulates muscle fibers to go through a series of steps that initiate muscle
contractions? Correct Answer: Acetylcholine
Which of the following exercises uses a ball-and-socket joint as the primary mover? Correct Answer:
Seated dumbbell lateral raise
The body's ability to differentiate between walking on concrete and walking on sand is an example of
which of the following functions of the nervous system? Correct Answer: Sensory
If a client exhibits increased force output of his hamstrings and adductor magnus to compensate for a
weakened gluteus maximus during hip extension, this is an example of which of the following? Correct
Answer: Synergistic dominance
If a client squats with his feet excessively externally rotated, it is evidence of which of the following?
Correct Answer: Altered arthrokinematics
Which of the following is considered the functional unit of the muscle? Correct Answer: Sarcomere
Which structure of the skeletal muscle contains a combination of glycogen, fats, minerals, and oxygen-
binding myoglobin? Correct Answer: Sarcoplasm
,Which of the following is considered one method to estimate the maximum heart rate of a client?
Correct Answer: Subtract the client's age from 220
After performing a 3-minute step test, it is determined that a client falls in the "Below Average" category
for cardiovascular fitness. What is the appropriate starting zone for the client? Correct Answer: Zone
one
Which of the following muscles is probably under active if a client's support or standing leg falls inward
during a single-leg squat assessment? Correct Answer: Gluteus medius
A trainer is working with a senior client. The trainer should be aware of which of the following
physiological characteristics? Correct Answer: Decreases lean body mass
A client's head protrudes during a pulling assessment. Which of the following muscles should be
stretched? Correct Answer: Sternocleidomastoid
Muscle Imbalances Correct Answer: Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
Reciprocal Inhibition Correct Answer: Simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its
antagonist to allow movement to take place
Altered reciprocal inhibition Correct Answer: Concept of muscle inhibition, caused by tight agonist,
which inhibits its functional antagonist
Synergistic Dominance Correct Answer: Neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate
muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover
Anterior Tibialis Correct Answer: Front of leg
Integrated Function: Eccentrically decelerates plantar flexion and eversion.
Isometrically stabilizes the arch of the foot
Posterior Tibialis Correct Answer: Back of leg, calf.
Integrated Function: Eccentrically decelerates dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot
Isometrically stabilizes the arch of the foot
Soleus Correct Answer: Back of lower leg and forms the achilles tendon when it inserts into the
gastrocnemius aponeurosis.
Integrated Function: Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Gastrocnemius Correct Answer: Lower leg, run entire length of the lower leg, connecting behind the
knee and at the heel.
Integrated function:
Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Peroneus Longus Correct Answer: Lateral (outside) leg
Integrated function:
, Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Biceps Femoris-Long Head Correct Answer: Think femoral artery of the thigh, back of thigh, One of
three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial internal rotation at mid-stance of the gait
cycle
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee
Biceps Femoris-Short Head Correct Answer: Think femoral artery of the thigh, back of thigh, One of
three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, tibial internal rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the knee
Semimembranosus Correct Answer: One of three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial external rotation.
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee.
Semitendinosus Correct Answer: One of three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial external rotation.
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee.
Vastus Lateralis Correct Answer: Part of Quads.
Squat Assessment-Feet Turn out, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Soleus, Lateral Gastrocnemius,
Biceps Femoris, Tensor Fascia lata (TFL)
Squat Assessment-Feet Turn out, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Med. Gastrocnemius, Med.
Hamstring, Gluteus-Medius/Maximus, Gracilis, Popliteus
Squat Assessment-Knees fall inward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Med. Hamstring, Med.
Gastrocnemius, Vastus medialis
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall inward, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Adductor Complex, bicep
Femoris short head, Tensor Fascia Lata, Lat. Gastrocnemius, Vastus Lateralis
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall outward, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Piriformis, Biceps Femoris,
TFL, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall Outward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Adductor Complex, Med.
Hamstring, Gluteus Maximus
Squat Assessment- Arms Fall forward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Mid/Lower Trapezium,
Rhomboids, Posterior Deltiod, Rotator Cuff
Squat Assessment-Excessive Forward lean, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Soleus, Gastrocnemius,
Hip flexor complex
The Golgi tendon oran is an essential component of static stretching because it Correct Answer:
prevents the muscle from being placed under excessive tension.
Which of the following is the correct force-couple relationship that allows for the upward rotation of the
scapula? Correct Answer: Upper trapezius and lower portions of the serratus an anterior
Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs through which of the following
vessels? Correct Answer: Pulmonary arteries
Dynamic stretching improves soft tissue extensibility by using which of the following? Correct Answer:
Reciprocal inhibition
The oxidative system is primarily used when a client Correct Answer: jogs for 30 minutes
Which of the following would aid the primary respiratory muscles in breathing after a set of maximum
effort sprints? Correct Answer: Scalenes
When an exercise is high intensity and lasts about 10 seconds, which of the following energy pathways is
predominantly in use? Correct Answer: ATP-PC
A client who is practicing repeated squat exercises in order to create permanent changes in her
technique is exhibiting Correct Answer: motor learning
Which of the following stimulates muscle fibers to go through a series of steps that initiate muscle
contractions? Correct Answer: Acetylcholine
Which of the following exercises uses a ball-and-socket joint as the primary mover? Correct Answer:
Seated dumbbell lateral raise
The body's ability to differentiate between walking on concrete and walking on sand is an example of
which of the following functions of the nervous system? Correct Answer: Sensory
If a client exhibits increased force output of his hamstrings and adductor magnus to compensate for a
weakened gluteus maximus during hip extension, this is an example of which of the following? Correct
Answer: Synergistic dominance
If a client squats with his feet excessively externally rotated, it is evidence of which of the following?
Correct Answer: Altered arthrokinematics
Which of the following is considered the functional unit of the muscle? Correct Answer: Sarcomere
Which structure of the skeletal muscle contains a combination of glycogen, fats, minerals, and oxygen-
binding myoglobin? Correct Answer: Sarcoplasm
,Which of the following is considered one method to estimate the maximum heart rate of a client?
Correct Answer: Subtract the client's age from 220
After performing a 3-minute step test, it is determined that a client falls in the "Below Average" category
for cardiovascular fitness. What is the appropriate starting zone for the client? Correct Answer: Zone
one
Which of the following muscles is probably under active if a client's support or standing leg falls inward
during a single-leg squat assessment? Correct Answer: Gluteus medius
A trainer is working with a senior client. The trainer should be aware of which of the following
physiological characteristics? Correct Answer: Decreases lean body mass
A client's head protrudes during a pulling assessment. Which of the following muscles should be
stretched? Correct Answer: Sternocleidomastoid
Muscle Imbalances Correct Answer: Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
Reciprocal Inhibition Correct Answer: Simultaneous relaxation of one muscle and the contraction of its
antagonist to allow movement to take place
Altered reciprocal inhibition Correct Answer: Concept of muscle inhibition, caused by tight agonist,
which inhibits its functional antagonist
Synergistic Dominance Correct Answer: Neuromuscular phenomenon that occurs when inappropriate
muscles take over the function of a weak or inhibited prime mover
Anterior Tibialis Correct Answer: Front of leg
Integrated Function: Eccentrically decelerates plantar flexion and eversion.
Isometrically stabilizes the arch of the foot
Posterior Tibialis Correct Answer: Back of leg, calf.
Integrated Function: Eccentrically decelerates dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot
Isometrically stabilizes the arch of the foot
Soleus Correct Answer: Back of lower leg and forms the achilles tendon when it inserts into the
gastrocnemius aponeurosis.
Integrated Function: Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Gastrocnemius Correct Answer: Lower leg, run entire length of the lower leg, connecting behind the
knee and at the heel.
Integrated function:
Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Peroneus Longus Correct Answer: Lateral (outside) leg
Integrated function:
, Decelerates ankle dorsiflexion
Isometrically stabilizes the foot and ankle complex
Biceps Femoris-Long Head Correct Answer: Think femoral artery of the thigh, back of thigh, One of
three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial internal rotation at mid-stance of the gait
cycle
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee
Biceps Femoris-Short Head Correct Answer: Think femoral artery of the thigh, back of thigh, One of
three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, tibial internal rotation
Isometrically stabilizes the knee
Semimembranosus Correct Answer: One of three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial external rotation.
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee.
Semitendinosus Correct Answer: One of three muscles that make up the hamstring complex.
Eccentrically decelerates knee extension, hip flexion, tibial external rotation.
Isometrically stabilizes the limbo-pelvic-hip complex and knee.
Vastus Lateralis Correct Answer: Part of Quads.
Squat Assessment-Feet Turn out, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Soleus, Lateral Gastrocnemius,
Biceps Femoris, Tensor Fascia lata (TFL)
Squat Assessment-Feet Turn out, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Med. Gastrocnemius, Med.
Hamstring, Gluteus-Medius/Maximus, Gracilis, Popliteus
Squat Assessment-Knees fall inward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Med. Hamstring, Med.
Gastrocnemius, Vastus medialis
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall inward, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Adductor Complex, bicep
Femoris short head, Tensor Fascia Lata, Lat. Gastrocnemius, Vastus Lateralis
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall outward, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Piriformis, Biceps Femoris,
TFL, Gluteus Medius, Gluteus Minimus
Squat Assessment-Kness Fall Outward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Adductor Complex, Med.
Hamstring, Gluteus Maximus
Squat Assessment- Arms Fall forward, Underactive muscles Correct Answer: Mid/Lower Trapezium,
Rhomboids, Posterior Deltiod, Rotator Cuff
Squat Assessment-Excessive Forward lean, Overactive muscles Correct Answer: Soleus, Gastrocnemius,
Hip flexor complex
