CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
Possible topics covered in this Knowledge Check include:
• myocardial infarction
• endocarditis
• myocarditis
• valvular disorders
• lipid panels
• coagulation
• clotting cascade
• deep vein thrombosis
• hypertension
• heart failure
• COPD
• asthma
• pneumonias
Question 1
1. CC: “I have been having terrible chest and arm pain for the past 2 hours and I think I am
having a heart attack.”
HPI: Mr. Hammond is a 57-year-old African American male who presents to the
Emergency Department with a chief complaint of chest pain that radiates down his left
arm. He states that he started having pain several hours ago and says the pain “it feels like
an elephant is sitting on my chest”. He rates the pain as 8/10. Nothing has made the pain
better or worse. He denies any previous episode of chest pain. Denies nausea, dyspnea, or
lightheadedness. He was given 0.4 mg nitroglycerine tablet sublingual x 1 which
decreased, but not stopped the pain.
Lipid panel reveals Total Cholesterol 324 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein (HDL) 31
mg/dl, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 122 mg/dl, Triglycerides 402 mg/dl, Very Low-
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 54 mg/dl
, CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
His diagnosis is an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.
1 of 2 Questions:
Why is HDL considered the “good” cholesterol? HDL is a ‘good “cholesterol because it
absorbs cholesterol back to the liver, liver distributes to the body and it lowers the risk
of cardiovascular diseases and stroke (CDC n. d).
2 points
, CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
Question 2
1. CC: “I have been having terrible chest and arm pain for the past 2 hours and I think I am
having a heart attack.”
HPI: Mr. Hammond is a 57-year-old African American male who presents to the
Emergency Department with a chief complaint of chest pain that radiates down his left
arm. He states that he started having pain several hours ago and says the pain “it feels like
an elephant is sitting on my chest”. He rates the pain as 8/10. Nothing has made the pain
better or worse. He denies any previous episode of chest pain. Denies nausea, dyspnea, or
lightheadedness. He was given 0.4 mg nitroglycerine tablet sublingual x 1 which
decreased, but not stopped the pain.
Lipid panel reveals Total Cholesterol 324 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein (HDL) 31
mg/dl, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 122 mg/dl, Triglycerides 402 mg/dl, Very Low-
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 54 mg/dl
His diagnosis is an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.
2 of 2 Questions:
Explain the role inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis.
Inflammation in atherosclerosis involves cells like macrophages, T-lymphocytes,
endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, mast cells. the innate immune response, which
involves macrophages, is initiated by the arterial endothelial cells which respond to
modified lipoproteins and lead to Th1 cell subset activation and generation of
inflammatory cytokines and chemoattractant chemokines
references
Conti, P., & Shaik-Dasthagirisaeb, Y. (2015). Atherosclerosis: a chronic inflammatory
disease mediated by mast cells. Central-European journal of immunology, 40(3), 380–
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
Possible topics covered in this Knowledge Check include:
• myocardial infarction
• endocarditis
• myocarditis
• valvular disorders
• lipid panels
• coagulation
• clotting cascade
• deep vein thrombosis
• hypertension
• heart failure
• COPD
• asthma
• pneumonias
Question 1
1. CC: “I have been having terrible chest and arm pain for the past 2 hours and I think I am
having a heart attack.”
HPI: Mr. Hammond is a 57-year-old African American male who presents to the
Emergency Department with a chief complaint of chest pain that radiates down his left
arm. He states that he started having pain several hours ago and says the pain “it feels like
an elephant is sitting on my chest”. He rates the pain as 8/10. Nothing has made the pain
better or worse. He denies any previous episode of chest pain. Denies nausea, dyspnea, or
lightheadedness. He was given 0.4 mg nitroglycerine tablet sublingual x 1 which
decreased, but not stopped the pain.
Lipid panel reveals Total Cholesterol 324 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein (HDL) 31
mg/dl, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 122 mg/dl, Triglycerides 402 mg/dl, Very Low-
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 54 mg/dl
, CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
His diagnosis is an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.
1 of 2 Questions:
Why is HDL considered the “good” cholesterol? HDL is a ‘good “cholesterol because it
absorbs cholesterol back to the liver, liver distributes to the body and it lowers the risk
of cardiovascular diseases and stroke (CDC n. d).
2 points
, CARDIOVASCULAR AND RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
KNOWLEDGE CHECK 100% CORRECT Q & A
Question 2
1. CC: “I have been having terrible chest and arm pain for the past 2 hours and I think I am
having a heart attack.”
HPI: Mr. Hammond is a 57-year-old African American male who presents to the
Emergency Department with a chief complaint of chest pain that radiates down his left
arm. He states that he started having pain several hours ago and says the pain “it feels like
an elephant is sitting on my chest”. He rates the pain as 8/10. Nothing has made the pain
better or worse. He denies any previous episode of chest pain. Denies nausea, dyspnea, or
lightheadedness. He was given 0.4 mg nitroglycerine tablet sublingual x 1 which
decreased, but not stopped the pain.
Lipid panel reveals Total Cholesterol 324 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein (HDL) 31
mg/dl, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) 122 mg/dl, Triglycerides 402 mg/dl, Very Low-
Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) 54 mg/dl
His diagnosis is an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction.
2 of 2 Questions:
Explain the role inflammation has in the development of atherosclerosis.
Inflammation in atherosclerosis involves cells like macrophages, T-lymphocytes,
endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, mast cells. the innate immune response, which
involves macrophages, is initiated by the arterial endothelial cells which respond to
modified lipoproteins and lead to Th1 cell subset activation and generation of
inflammatory cytokines and chemoattractant chemokines
references
Conti, P., & Shaik-Dasthagirisaeb, Y. (2015). Atherosclerosis: a chronic inflammatory
disease mediated by mast cells. Central-European journal of immunology, 40(3), 380–
