WGU Biochemistry OA Questions And
Answers
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) Ans - C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure Ans - Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure Ans - Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure Ans - -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure Ans - Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction Ans - -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction Ans - Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat &
light)
Example of exothermic reaction Ans - Cellular respiration- breaks down
glucose to make cellular energy
Endothermic reaction Ans - Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction Ans - Photosynthesis- takes in light to
break down to create glucose
Catalyst Ans - Substance that will decrease the activation energy
needed to start a chemical reaction
Enzymes Ans - -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
, Enzyme structure Ans - -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate Ans - Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site Ans - -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. Ans - -increase
expression
-2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule Ans - Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its
cell membrane as it adapts to lower temperatures? Ans - Produce lipids
with shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol Ans - Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins Ans - A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? Ans - An increase in
NAD+ concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs
and high levels of fats? Ans - Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids Ans - -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the
chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? Ans -
Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) Ans - A recessive genetic disease that
occurs when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision
repair are nonfunctional
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the
general population? Ans - The mutation of all other genes is higher due
to failure to repair.
Answers
Bohr Effect chart (low pH) Ans - C- High CO2
H- High H+
A- Acidic
R-Release of O2(rt. Shift)
T- tense state (in tissues)
Primary structure Ans - Sequence of amino acids that make up a protein
Secondary Structure Ans - Sequence of amino acids fold.
Tertiary Structure Ans - -more folding in a 3D shape.
-R groups (side chains)
Quaternary Structure Ans - Protein has more than 1 polypeptide chain.
Chemical reaction Ans - -absorb and release energy
-activation energy
-energy is released (heat & light) when bonds are broken.
Exothermic reaction Ans - Exo=to release
Thermo=heat
-chemical reaction that releases more energy than it absorbs (as heat &
light)
Example of exothermic reaction Ans - Cellular respiration- breaks down
glucose to make cellular energy
Endothermic reaction Ans - Endo=absorb
Thermos=heat
-absorbs more energy than it releases
Example of endothermic reaction Ans - Photosynthesis- takes in light to
break down to create glucose
Catalyst Ans - Substance that will decrease the activation energy
needed to start a chemical reaction
Enzymes Ans - -catalysts used by cells
-increase the rate of chemical reaction
-specific to substrates
, Enzyme structure Ans - -they are proteins
-twist, fold, bend to final shape
-shape attracts specific molecules
Substrate Ans - Molecules that bind to the enzyme
Active site Ans - -location on enzyme where substrate binds
Function of DNA polymerase in process of PCR. Ans - -increase
expression
-2 genes
-SIRT1 & SIRT2
Function of a molecule Ans - Structural component of the lipid bilayer
How would lipid production in a cell change in order to maintain fluidity of its
cell membrane as it adapts to lower temperatures? Ans - Produce lipids
with shorter fatty acid chains
Function of cholesterol Ans - Maintains membrane fluidity
Lipid (fat) soluble vitamins Ans - A, D, E, K
What stimulates beta-oxidation of fatty acids? Ans - An increase in
NAD+ concentration in the mitochondrial matrix
What occurs in an otherwise healthy person whose diet has very few carbs
and high levels of fats? Ans - Acetone is produced in the blood
Amino acids Ans - -Non-polar (hydrophobic)
-Polar charged
-Polar uncharged
Which type of mammalian DNA damage repair requires the presence of the
chromosome that is homologous to the damaged chromosome? Ans -
Recombination
Xeroxerma Pigmentosum (XP) Ans - A recessive genetic disease that
occurs when one or more of the genes that perform nucleotide excision
repair are nonfunctional
Why do XP patients have a much higher incidence of skin cancer than the
general population? Ans - The mutation of all other genes is higher due
to failure to repair.
