HESI A2 BIOLOGY

HESI A2 BIOLOGY V1 & V2 1. Which movement requires carrier protein but noo direct cellular energy? Facilitated transport 2. Which term denotes the movement of glucose molecules from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration? Active transport 3. Plasmolysis is a term describing? Cellular shrinkage, which occurs when cells are immersed in hypertonic solurion 4. The movement of substances from lesser concentration to higher concentration is called? Active transport 5. Which particular structure is present in both eucaryotic and prokaryotic cells? Cell membrane 6. Plant cells differ from animal cells in? The plant cells have a cell wall and animal cells do not 7. Which cell type is characterized by the lack of true nucleus and the absence of membrane-bound organelle? Prokaryotic cell 8. Which organelle is associated with hydrolytic enzymes and is sometimes reffered to as a "suicide bag" Lysosomes 9. Pinocytosis is the process of? Enclosing a liquid substance in a membrane and secreting it into the cell 10. The plasma membrane of the eurokaryotic cell determines selectively which substances can enter and leave the cell. Such a membrane is said to be ? Selectively permeable 11. What primarily determines the shape of cells that lack cell walls? Microtubule and microfilaments 12. Which pair of organelles is responsible foe energy supply to eurokaryotic cells? Chloroplast and mitochondria 13. Whit which organelle is the synthesis of ATP associated? Mitochondrion 14. The plasma membrane is soluble to? Lipids 15. The process whereby muscle cell produce lactic acid is called? Fermentation 16. During aerobic respiration, which one of the following substances is released? 36ATP 17. Noncyclic-photophosphorylation takes place inside the? Thylakoids 18. The dark reaction of photosynthesis takes place in ? Stroma 19. Aerobic cellular respiration is more important to sustaining life than anaerobic because it produces? More energy 20. Which organelle is responsible for oxygen production? Chloroplast 21. An organic catalyst that enhances the chemical reaction is called ? An enzyme 22. The first stage of aerobic cellular respiration is? Glycolysis 23. Glycolysis occurs in the ? Cytoplasm 24. For the aerobic pathway, electron transport systems are located in the ? Mitochondrion 25. Codominance occurs when? Both the alleles in a heterozygote are expressed phenotypically in a individual 26. Mitosis in a single human cell usually results in the formation of ? 2 diploid cells 27. Meiosis in a single human cell usually results in the formation of ? 4 haploid cells 28. If you reproduce sexually, you produce gamets via? Meiosis 29. If you reproduce asexually, you produce offspring via? Mitosis 30. What type of allele is expressed in the phenotype of only a homozygous individual? Dominant 31. The sex of a human child is determined by the sex chromosome from? The father 32. Cell division occurs most rapidly in? Cancerous tissue 33. Which blood type would be a universal donor? O 34. Passage of water through the membrane of a cell is called ? Osmosis 35. Which term includes all others? Organism 36. The kreb cycle produces? CO2 and H2 37. The presence of which substance is most important for all cell activity ? Water 38. The basic structure of a cell membranes is a ? Protein-impregnated phospholipid bilayer 39. Cytoplasmic structures that contain powerful hydrolysis enzymes, which could lead to cell destruction in the absence of surrounding membranes, are? Lysosomes 40. Organic substances made up of several amino acids bound together are? Proteins 41. The smallest known microorganisms are? Viruses 42. The end product of protein metabolism is ? Amino acids 43. Carbohydrates are absorbed into the blood as ? Glucose 44. The substance basic to life is? Proteins 45. The body obtains most of its nitrogen from ? Proteins 46. The basic unit of living organism is ? Cell 47. The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is known as ? Osmosis 48. The process in which carbon dioxide and water are combined under the influence of light in green plants is called ? Photosynthesis 49. A protein substance that initiates and accelerates a chemical reaction is called ? Enzyme 50. Amino acids that cannot be manufactured by the body are called ? Essential amino acids 51. The body's continual response to changes in the external and internal enviroment is called ? Homeostasis 52. The ability of a cell to reproduce is called ? Mitosis 53. The part of the cell necessary for reproduction is the ? Nucleus 54. Proteins are polymers of ? Amino acids 55. In cellular metabolism glycolysis ? Does not require O2 56. Cellular proteins are synthesized in ? Ribosomes 57. In eukaryotic cells, the phase of division that produces two daughter cells is ? Cytokinesis 58. Some substances are transported across cell membranes by proteins known as ? Permeases 59. The cellular organelle where respiratory reactions for the release of energy occurs is a ? Mitochondrion 60. The most efficient cellular respiratiry process, in terms of energy-yield per molecule of glucose, is ? Aerobic respiration 61. A cellular organelle found in typical plant cells but not in typical animal cells is the ? Chloroplast 62. Every cell contains ? A cell membrane and cytoplasm 63. The two organic substances present in chromosomes are ? Protein and nucleic acid 64. Genes may be defined as ? Functional segments of chromosomes 65. The dense mass of ribonucleic acid found within the nucleus is the ? Nucleolus 66. The endoplasmic reticulum may be described as a ? Series of membranes in the cell's cytoplasm 67. The lysosomes of a cell contain many ? Digestive enzyme 68. The mitochondria of the cell are best known as the organelles where ? Energy is released from food molecules 69. The flagella of human cells cause ? Cell movement 70. During the process of diffusion Molecules moves from a region of high concentrarion to one of low concentration 71. The plasma membrane is a semipermeable membrane because it ? Lets only certain molecules throug