HEENT Review questions and answers

HEENT Review questions and answers A 29 year old PT student presents for evaluation of eyelid problem. The right eyeball appears to be protruding forward, which is? A) ptosis B) exophthalmos C) ectropion D) epicanthus Correct Answer: exophthalmos A 19 YO college sophomore presents for evaluation of an area of blood in the eye. He denies trauma but has been coughing forcefully. Denies visual disturbances, eye pain or discharge. There is a homogenous, sharply demarcated area at the lateral aspect of the base of the left eye; the cornea is clear...what is it? A) conjunctivitis B) acute iritis C) corneal abrasion D) subconjunctival hemorrhage Correct Answer: subconjunctival hemorrhage Subconjunctival hemorrhage is a bright red patch appearing in the white of the eye beneath the clear lining of the eye (conjunctiva). Which area of the fundus is the central focal point for incoming images? Correct Answer: fovea A light is pointed at a patient's pupil, which contracts. It is also noted that the other pupil contracts though it is not directly exposed to bright light. What is this phenomenon? A) direct reaction B) near reaction C) consensual reaction D) accommodation Correct Answer: C) consensual reaction Visual fields have a circumference of 90 degrees from the focus of gaze, but peripheral vision in one eye is normally limited in the other side. On which side do visual fields... Correct Answer: Temporal sides A temporal defect in the visual field of one eye suggest a nasal defect in the other eye. T/F Correct Answer: False Inspecting for the presence of a crescent-shaped shadow on the iris is assessing ... Correct Answer: opacities of the cornea and lens Extra ocular muscle function can be assessed by: Correct Answer: leading the patient's eyes through the six cardinal fields of gaze What is drooping of the eyelid? Correct Answer: ptosis There are glands that produce an oily substance that prevents the evaporation of the eye's tears...prevent tear spillage on the cheek and makes the closed lids airtight... Correct Answer: meibomian gland Which of the following raises the upper eyelid? Correct Answer: levator palpebra Which helps control the pressure in the eye by allowing the aqueous humor to circulate from the ___ of the eye through the pupil and then into the anterior portion of the eye? Correct Answer: canal of schlemm Cerumen Correct Answer: earwax aniscoria Correct Answer: pupillary inequality of less than 0.5 mm caries Correct Answer: cavities diplopia Correct Answer: double vision nystagmus Correct Answer: fine rhythmic oscillation of the eyes What is otitis externa? Correct Answer: Otitis externa is a condition that causes inflammation (redness and swelling) of the external ear canal, which is the tube between the outer ear and eardrum. Otitis externa is often referred to as "swimmer's ear" because repeated exposure to water can make the ear canal more vulnerable to inflammation. The test for lateralization is the: Correct Answer: weber test The test to compare air and bone conduction is the: Correct Answer: rhine test A normal tympanic membrane appears: Correct Answer: pearly and translucent You have conducted the rhine test on your current patient. Which of the following documentations expresses a normal result? Correct Answer: ACBC Painful movement of the auricle and tragus, AKA the "tug test" is highly indicative of what disease process? Correct Answer: otitis externa Which of the following structures is part of the middle ear? a. eustachian tube b. cochlea c. auricle d. external acoustic meatus Correct Answer: a. eustachian tube During physical examination of a patient, the "tug test" is negative; however, the mastoid process is tender to palpation. The finding is suggestive of: Correct Answer: otitis media Where is the labyrinth located, which helps an individual maintain balance? Correct Answer: inner ear A college student presents with a sore throat, fever, and fatigue for several days. You notice exudates on her enlarged tonsils. You do a careful lymphatic exam and notice some scattered, small, mobile lymph nodes just behind her sternocleidomastoid muscles bilaterally. What group of nodes is this? A) submandibular B) anterior cervical C) supraclavicular D) posterior cervical Correct Answer: D) posterior cervical You feel a small mass that you think is a lymph node. It is non tender and mobile in both the up and down and side to side directions. Which of the following is most likely? A) cancer B) lymph node C) deep scar D) muscle Correct Answer: B) lymph node When completing the thyroid examination, all of the following are true except: A) The gland should slide upward during swallowing B) one preferred position for exam is with examiner behind patient C) a gland that is palpable is abnormal D) a normal gland may be visible Correct Answer: D) a normal gland may be visible When inserting the nasal scope into each nostril, particular care must be be given to avoid: Correct Answer: contact with the septum The parotid duct opening can be identified.... Correct Answer: on the buccal mucosa near the upper 2nd molar The sternomastoid muscle, the trapezius muscle, and the clavicle comprise the borders of the: Correct Answer: posterior triangle The sinuses that are examined during the HEENT portion of the physical exam are the frontal and the: Correct Answer: maxillary A tonsillar node that pulsates is really an: Correct Answer: artery Tender nodes suggest: Correct Answer: inflammation or infection Hard or fixed nodes suggest: Correct Answer: malignancy Which of the following is NOT one of the six characteristics of a palpable lymph node... Correct Answer: color When palpating the thyroid, which is true? A) flex the neck slightly backward B) place the index fingers just above the cricoid cartilage C) the thyroid isthmus may not be palpable