HEENT 2022 100% solved questions
Which of the following eye conditions may be prevented with the use of vitamins C and E, beta
carotene, and zinc? (objective 2) Correct Answer: macular degeneration
A patient has a history of chronic ear infections and presents to your office with hearing loss and
otorrhea. The patients hearing field is verified and shows conductive hearing loss. Gentle lavage of the
ear is performed with minimal cerumen removed. There is no acute otitis media noted. Appropriate
antibiotic therapy is given, and the patient fails to respond. Which of the following is the most likely
cause for this presentation? (objective 2) Correct Answer: presbycusis
A 50 year old male presents with acute pain in his right ear which occurred three days after he started to
develop cold symptoms. He denies drainage from the ear. He has not been swimming. He has not been
around anyone who has similar symptoms. He denies sore throat or dysphagia. He denies eye pain or
itchiness. Physical exam reveals an afebrile male who is nontoxic in appearance. Examination of the right
ear reveals the right tympanic membrane to be erythematous with poor mobility on pneumatic
otoscopy. The rest of the auditory canal is unremarkable. Which of the following is the treatment of
choice? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Amoxicillin
. A 6 year old male presents to the clinic with fever and earache. He has just finished a course of
unsuccessful amoxicillin. On physical examination the right tympanic membrane appears injected.
Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacologic therapy? (objective 2) Correct Answer:
Cefaclor (Ceclor)
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a severe sore throat. The patient recently had acute
necrotizing gingivitis and is diagnosed with having Vincent angina. Which of the following is the
causative organism for this condition? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Anaerobes
. A 69 year old male who smokes and drinks, has rotten teeth, has a hard, fixed 4 cm mass in his left
neck. The mass is just medial to and in front of the sternomastoid muscle, at the level of the upper notch
of the thyroid cartilage. It has been there for at least 6 months, and it is growing. Which of the following
is the most appropriate next step in diagnosis? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Panendoscopy (triple
endoscopy) and mucosal biopsies
A 20 year old pregnant female is experiencing rapidly progressive hearing loss. Several relatives have
developed deafness prior to age 25 years. Otoscopic examination shows normal tympanic membranes
bilaterally. Hearing test shows a conductive hearing loss, with one ear being affected more severely than
the other. Which of the following diagnosis is most likely? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Otosclerosis
A 19 year old female consults an allergist about constant nasal stuffiness. She has a variety of pets in her
house including fish, dogs, and a cat. Screening tests demonstrate blood elevations of eosinophils and
IgE. Extensive skin testing demonstrates marked sensitivity to cat dandruff. Which of the following is her
preferred treatment for her cat allergy? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Get rid of the cat
, A 54 year old male presents with "ringing in his ears," a feeling of "spinning," and a progressive loss of
hearing in his left ear. He states that this all began a while ago with a slight feeling of unsteadiness as
well as an "annoying ringing." He did not go to the doctor initially because he thought he was going
crazy, but now his wife is getting worried that the television needs to be much louder and that he
constantly says "What?" when she speaks to him on his left side. He denies any chronic medical
conditions, does not take any medications, and does not drink alcohol. Examination reveals nystagmus,
but no other abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? (objective 2) Correct
Answer: *Meniere disease*
Trabeculectomy may be used in the surgical management of which of the following conditions?
(objective 2) Correct Answer: glaucoma
A 59 year old male is seen because of chronic, intractable sinusitis. The decision is made to treat the
patient surgically, with evacuation of sinus contents and dilation of the sinus ostia. The material
removed is sent routinely for pathologic examination. An unexpected finding is the presence of fungal
with broad, nonseptate, irregularly shaped hyphae. Subsequent review of the patient's chart reveals a
long history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is the most likely causative
organism? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Rhizopus
A 24 year old female presents to her healthcare provider with a dilated right eye and a complaint that
she can not read a lunch menu with the same eye. Which of the following drugs is most likely
responsible for her symptoms? (objective 2) Correct Answer: scopolamine (scopace)
A pilot working for a major commercial airline suffers from hay fever. Which of the following drugs
would be most suitable for the pilot during working hours? (objective 2) Correct Answer: fexofenadine
(allegra)
Which of the following is the most common precipitant of a hairy tongue? (objective 2) Correct Answer:
dehydration
Which of the following symptoms typically associated with Wegener granulomatosis? (objective 2)
Correct Answer: recurrent upper respiratory tract symptoms
Which of the following oral lesions is most likely to be associated with oral cancer? (objective 2) Correct
Answer: erythroplakia
. A newborn infant is in respiratory distress in the delivery room and requires several attempts at
resuscitation because of difficulty breathing and frequent cyanosis. The health care provider notes that
during the crying, the infant's breathing improves and breath and heart sounds normalize. Direct
laryngoscopy is unremarkable as well. Deep inspirations by the neonate are ineffective. Which of the
following is the most effective intervention? (objective 2) Correct Answer: insert an endotracheal tube
Which of the following is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in the adult population?
(objective 2) Correct Answer: presbycusis
A 73 year old obese female presents to the emergency room because of a painful right eye. The pain
came on suddenly as she was preparing dinner and was accompanied by severely blurred vision, nausea,
and one episode of vomiting. Examination reveals an extremely tender eye with a hazy cornea and a
Which of the following eye conditions may be prevented with the use of vitamins C and E, beta
carotene, and zinc? (objective 2) Correct Answer: macular degeneration
A patient has a history of chronic ear infections and presents to your office with hearing loss and
otorrhea. The patients hearing field is verified and shows conductive hearing loss. Gentle lavage of the
ear is performed with minimal cerumen removed. There is no acute otitis media noted. Appropriate
antibiotic therapy is given, and the patient fails to respond. Which of the following is the most likely
cause for this presentation? (objective 2) Correct Answer: presbycusis
A 50 year old male presents with acute pain in his right ear which occurred three days after he started to
develop cold symptoms. He denies drainage from the ear. He has not been swimming. He has not been
around anyone who has similar symptoms. He denies sore throat or dysphagia. He denies eye pain or
itchiness. Physical exam reveals an afebrile male who is nontoxic in appearance. Examination of the right
ear reveals the right tympanic membrane to be erythematous with poor mobility on pneumatic
otoscopy. The rest of the auditory canal is unremarkable. Which of the following is the treatment of
choice? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Amoxicillin
. A 6 year old male presents to the clinic with fever and earache. He has just finished a course of
unsuccessful amoxicillin. On physical examination the right tympanic membrane appears injected.
Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacologic therapy? (objective 2) Correct Answer:
Cefaclor (Ceclor)
A patient is admitted to the hospital with a severe sore throat. The patient recently had acute
necrotizing gingivitis and is diagnosed with having Vincent angina. Which of the following is the
causative organism for this condition? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Anaerobes
. A 69 year old male who smokes and drinks, has rotten teeth, has a hard, fixed 4 cm mass in his left
neck. The mass is just medial to and in front of the sternomastoid muscle, at the level of the upper notch
of the thyroid cartilage. It has been there for at least 6 months, and it is growing. Which of the following
is the most appropriate next step in diagnosis? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Panendoscopy (triple
endoscopy) and mucosal biopsies
A 20 year old pregnant female is experiencing rapidly progressive hearing loss. Several relatives have
developed deafness prior to age 25 years. Otoscopic examination shows normal tympanic membranes
bilaterally. Hearing test shows a conductive hearing loss, with one ear being affected more severely than
the other. Which of the following diagnosis is most likely? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Otosclerosis
A 19 year old female consults an allergist about constant nasal stuffiness. She has a variety of pets in her
house including fish, dogs, and a cat. Screening tests demonstrate blood elevations of eosinophils and
IgE. Extensive skin testing demonstrates marked sensitivity to cat dandruff. Which of the following is her
preferred treatment for her cat allergy? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Get rid of the cat
, A 54 year old male presents with "ringing in his ears," a feeling of "spinning," and a progressive loss of
hearing in his left ear. He states that this all began a while ago with a slight feeling of unsteadiness as
well as an "annoying ringing." He did not go to the doctor initially because he thought he was going
crazy, but now his wife is getting worried that the television needs to be much louder and that he
constantly says "What?" when she speaks to him on his left side. He denies any chronic medical
conditions, does not take any medications, and does not drink alcohol. Examination reveals nystagmus,
but no other abnormalities. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis? (objective 2) Correct
Answer: *Meniere disease*
Trabeculectomy may be used in the surgical management of which of the following conditions?
(objective 2) Correct Answer: glaucoma
A 59 year old male is seen because of chronic, intractable sinusitis. The decision is made to treat the
patient surgically, with evacuation of sinus contents and dilation of the sinus ostia. The material
removed is sent routinely for pathologic examination. An unexpected finding is the presence of fungal
with broad, nonseptate, irregularly shaped hyphae. Subsequent review of the patient's chart reveals a
long history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. Which of the following is the most likely causative
organism? (objective 2) Correct Answer: Rhizopus
A 24 year old female presents to her healthcare provider with a dilated right eye and a complaint that
she can not read a lunch menu with the same eye. Which of the following drugs is most likely
responsible for her symptoms? (objective 2) Correct Answer: scopolamine (scopace)
A pilot working for a major commercial airline suffers from hay fever. Which of the following drugs
would be most suitable for the pilot during working hours? (objective 2) Correct Answer: fexofenadine
(allegra)
Which of the following is the most common precipitant of a hairy tongue? (objective 2) Correct Answer:
dehydration
Which of the following symptoms typically associated with Wegener granulomatosis? (objective 2)
Correct Answer: recurrent upper respiratory tract symptoms
Which of the following oral lesions is most likely to be associated with oral cancer? (objective 2) Correct
Answer: erythroplakia
. A newborn infant is in respiratory distress in the delivery room and requires several attempts at
resuscitation because of difficulty breathing and frequent cyanosis. The health care provider notes that
during the crying, the infant's breathing improves and breath and heart sounds normalize. Direct
laryngoscopy is unremarkable as well. Deep inspirations by the neonate are ineffective. Which of the
following is the most effective intervention? (objective 2) Correct Answer: insert an endotracheal tube
Which of the following is the most common cause of sensorineural hearing loss in the adult population?
(objective 2) Correct Answer: presbycusis
A 73 year old obese female presents to the emergency room because of a painful right eye. The pain
came on suddenly as she was preparing dinner and was accompanied by severely blurred vision, nausea,
and one episode of vomiting. Examination reveals an extremely tender eye with a hazy cornea and a
