Exam 1 - HEENT Exam questions and answers all correct

Exam 1 - HEENT Exam questions and answers all correct Otitis media Correct Answer: Middle ear infection Sensorineural hearing loss Causes? Correct Answer: Problem in the inner ear (cochlear nerve, neuronal transmission into brain) Causes - Loud noise exposure (85 dB) - Inner ear infections - Trauma - Tumors - Congenital - Aging Conductive hearing loss Causes? Correct Answer: External or middle ear disorder impairs sounds conduction into brain - You can still hear through the bone b/c it transmits directly to the cochlea (avoids the outer/middle ear) Causes - Foreign body - Otitis media - Perforated eardrum - Otosclerosis of ossicles Vermillion border Correct Answer: Line between lips and face skin Isthmus Correct Answer: The middle of the thyroid's lobes Normal HEAD exam example (charting) Correct Answer: - NC/AT (normocephalic/atraumatic) - Non-tender to palpation at lymph nodes. Normal EYE exam example (charting) Correct Answer: - Visual acuity 20/20 B/L - Field of vision good - EOMI - Sclera white, Conjunctiva Pink - PERRLA - Disc margins sharp - No hemorrhages or exudates Normal EAR exam example (charting) Correct Answer: - Acuity good to finger rubbing - Weber midline - ACBC - TM's with good cone of light Normal NOSE exam example (charting) Correct Answer: - Nasal mucosa pink - Septum midline - No sinus tenderness Normal THROAT exam example (charting) Correct Answer: - Trachea midline - Thyroid symmetric, not enlarged, no palpable nodules - Neck supple Patulous Correct Answer: Eustachian tube dysfunction - Tube won't close Opposite of dilatory Dilatory Correct Answer: Eustachian tube dysfunction - Tube won't DILATE - Can't equalize pressure in head What can you see on otoscopic exam? Correct Answer: - Tympanic membrane - Cone of light - Incus - Malleus - Umbo (foot of malleus) What is the most common sense lost due to nerve damage? Correct Answer: Hearing! Weber test Correct Answer: 256 Hz tuning fork - Testing for relative hearing between L/R ears - Vibrate and put on top of pt's skull, midline - + result = hear equally loud in both ears - - resuls = lateralizes to one ear Rinne test Correct Answer: 256 Hz tuning fork - Testing to see if ACBC - Vibrate fork, place on pt's skull behind ear - When they can NO LONGER hear the fork, flip it in front of their ear - + result = ACBC - - result = BCAC (can't hear after the flip) Sinuses of the face? Correct Answer: Frontal Ethmoid Maxillary Pinna Correct Answer: Outside of ear - "Auricle" Types of dizziness Correct Answer: Vertigo - Neural - Room spinning Lightheadedness - Vascular - Feeling faint Rinorrhea Correct Answer: Nasal drainage Anosmia Correct Answer: Can't smell Epistaxis Correct Answer: Nose bleed Scotomas Correct Answer: Spots/floaters in vision A blind spot in an otherwise normal visual field Most important part of the eye exam Correct Answer: Visual acuity! - That's why we do it first - This is because it determines eye FUNCTION - Uses Snellen charts Eye muscle that helps you see - Medial and Up/Middle/Down? - Lateral and Up/Middle/Down? Correct Answer: Medial - Up = superior rectus - Middle = medial rectus - Down = inferior rectus Lateral - Up = inferior oblique - Middle = lateral rectus - Down = superior oblique Strabismus Problem? How to test for it? Treatment? Correct Answer: Heterophoria - Eye don't have parallel lines of gaze How to test for it - Cover test Treatment - Patch the good eye