Hesi Pediatric Exam 55 Questions 2022-2023
1. The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child who is 2 hours postop from a cardiac catheterization via the
right femoral artery. Which assessment finding is an indication of arterial obstruction?
A. Blood pressure trend is downward and pulse is rapid and irregular.
B.Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
C. Pulse distal to the femoral artery is weaker on the left foot than right foot.
D. The pressure dressing at right femoral area is moist and oozing blood. Correct Answer: B. Right foot
is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched
Following a motor vehicle collision, a 3-year old girl has a spica cast applied. Which toyis best for the
nurse for this 3 year old child?
A. Duck that squeaks.
B. Fashion doll and clothes
C. Set of cloth and hand puppets
D. Hand held video game Correct Answer: C. Set of cloth and hand puppets
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Whichaction should the
nurse implement first?
A. Administer morphine sulphate.
B. Start IV fluids.
C.Place the infant in a knee-chest position
D. Provide 100% oxygen by face mask Correct Answer: C.
A child admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis is demonstrating Kussmaul respirations. Thenurse determines
that the increased respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for which acid base alteration?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Metabolic acidosis Correct Answer: D.
7 years old is admitted to the hospital with persistent vomiting, and a nasogastrictube attached to low
intermittent suction is applied. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare
provider?
A. Gastric output of 100 mL in the last 8 hours
B. Shift intake of 640 mL IV fluids plus 30 mL PO ice chips
C. Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
D. Serum pH of 7.45 Correct Answer: C. Serum Potassium of 3.0 (normal is 3.5 to 5.5)
The nurse is evaluating diet teaching for a client who has nontropical sprue (celiac disease). Choosing
which food indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A. Creamed Corn
B. Pancakes
C. Rye Cakes
D. Cooked Oatmeal Correct Answer: A.
During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby's blanket, and the baby looks for the
block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby developing?
A. Separation anxiety
. B. Associative play.
, C. Object prehension.
D. Object permanence Correct Answer: D.
The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-months old infant, and notes that
the FOC has increased 5 inches since birth and the child's head appears large in relation to body size.
Which action is most important for the nurse to take next?
A. Measure the infant's head-to-toe length.
B. Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging
C. Observe the infant for sunken eyes
D. Plot the measurement on the infant's growth chart. Correct Answer: B
The nurse is preparing a 10 year old with a lacerated forehead for suturing. Both parents and 12 year old
sibling are at the child's bedside. Which instruction best supports family?
A. While waiting for the healthcare provider, only one visitor may stay with the child.
B. All of you should leave while the healthcare provider sutures the child's forehead.
C. It is best if the sibling goes to the waiting room until the suturing is completed.
D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing Correct Answer: D
10. The nurse is planning for a 5-month old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose weight has
decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric intake and decrease
vomiting, what instructions should the nurse provide this mother?
A. Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding. B. Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
C. Dilute the childs formula with equal parts of water. D. Offer 10 % dextrose in water between most
feedings. Correct Answer:
The leading cause of adolescent mortality in the US is Correct Answer: unintentional injury
the most common cause of hospital admission among children is Correct Answer: asthma
Cultural Awareness: Communication Correct Answer: * Include family members in interactions
*be an active listener
*observe verbal and nonverbal cues
*Learn culturally appropriate actions
*Repeat important info more than once
*use terms the family can understand
*allow time for questions
*intergenerational needs
*native language if possible
WHO recommendations for breastfeeding Correct Answer: Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months with
no supplementation of water, formula, solids prior to this point
Iron supplementation infants Correct Answer: All infants 6 months old and older require iron
supplements (fortified cereals etc)
Cow's milk in infants Correct Answer: Do not feed until age 1
Corn syrup/honey infants Correct Answer: Infants less than 1 should not have this due to C botulism
bacteria
Sucrose water Correct Answer: Can help to relieve pain infants
1. The nurse is caring for a 3-year old child who is 2 hours postop from a cardiac catheterization via the
right femoral artery. Which assessment finding is an indication of arterial obstruction?
A. Blood pressure trend is downward and pulse is rapid and irregular.
B.Right foot is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched.
C. Pulse distal to the femoral artery is weaker on the left foot than right foot.
D. The pressure dressing at right femoral area is moist and oozing blood. Correct Answer: B. Right foot
is cool to the touch and appears pale and blanched
Following a motor vehicle collision, a 3-year old girl has a spica cast applied. Which toyis best for the
nurse for this 3 year old child?
A. Duck that squeaks.
B. Fashion doll and clothes
C. Set of cloth and hand puppets
D. Hand held video game Correct Answer: C. Set of cloth and hand puppets
An infant with tetralogy of Fallot becomes acutely cyanotic and hyperpneic. Whichaction should the
nurse implement first?
A. Administer morphine sulphate.
B. Start IV fluids.
C.Place the infant in a knee-chest position
D. Provide 100% oxygen by face mask Correct Answer: C.
A child admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis is demonstrating Kussmaul respirations. Thenurse determines
that the increased respiratory rate is a compensatory mechanism for which acid base alteration?
A. Metabolic alkalosis
B. Respiratory acidosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Metabolic acidosis Correct Answer: D.
7 years old is admitted to the hospital with persistent vomiting, and a nasogastrictube attached to low
intermittent suction is applied. Which finding is most important for the nurse to report to the healthcare
provider?
A. Gastric output of 100 mL in the last 8 hours
B. Shift intake of 640 mL IV fluids plus 30 mL PO ice chips
C. Serum potassium of 3.0 mg/dL.
D. Serum pH of 7.45 Correct Answer: C. Serum Potassium of 3.0 (normal is 3.5 to 5.5)
The nurse is evaluating diet teaching for a client who has nontropical sprue (celiac disease). Choosing
which food indicates that the teaching has been effective?
A. Creamed Corn
B. Pancakes
C. Rye Cakes
D. Cooked Oatmeal Correct Answer: A.
During a well-baby check, the nurse hides a block under the baby's blanket, and the baby looks for the
block. Which normal growth and development milestone is the baby developing?
A. Separation anxiety
. B. Associative play.
, C. Object prehension.
D. Object permanence Correct Answer: D.
The nurse is measuring the frontal occipital circumference (FOC) of a 3-months old infant, and notes that
the FOC has increased 5 inches since birth and the child's head appears large in relation to body size.
Which action is most important for the nurse to take next?
A. Measure the infant's head-to-toe length.
B. Palpate the anterior fontanel for tension and bulging
C. Observe the infant for sunken eyes
D. Plot the measurement on the infant's growth chart. Correct Answer: B
The nurse is preparing a 10 year old with a lacerated forehead for suturing. Both parents and 12 year old
sibling are at the child's bedside. Which instruction best supports family?
A. While waiting for the healthcare provider, only one visitor may stay with the child.
B. All of you should leave while the healthcare provider sutures the child's forehead.
C. It is best if the sibling goes to the waiting room until the suturing is completed.
D. Please decide who will stay when the healthcare provider begins suturing Correct Answer: D
10. The nurse is planning for a 5-month old with gastroesophageal reflux disease whose weight has
decreased by 3 ounces since the last clinic visit one month ago. To increase caloric intake and decrease
vomiting, what instructions should the nurse provide this mother?
A. Give small amounts of baby food with each feeding. B. Thicken formula with cereal for each feeding.
C. Dilute the childs formula with equal parts of water. D. Offer 10 % dextrose in water between most
feedings. Correct Answer:
The leading cause of adolescent mortality in the US is Correct Answer: unintentional injury
the most common cause of hospital admission among children is Correct Answer: asthma
Cultural Awareness: Communication Correct Answer: * Include family members in interactions
*be an active listener
*observe verbal and nonverbal cues
*Learn culturally appropriate actions
*Repeat important info more than once
*use terms the family can understand
*allow time for questions
*intergenerational needs
*native language if possible
WHO recommendations for breastfeeding Correct Answer: Exclusive breastfeeding until 6 months with
no supplementation of water, formula, solids prior to this point
Iron supplementation infants Correct Answer: All infants 6 months old and older require iron
supplements (fortified cereals etc)
Cow's milk in infants Correct Answer: Do not feed until age 1
Corn syrup/honey infants Correct Answer: Infants less than 1 should not have this due to C botulism
bacteria
Sucrose water Correct Answer: Can help to relieve pain infants
