HSA 3111 Final Exam
In the past, patient behaviors within the health care delivery system were formed from
the authoritarian positions of better-educated providers who expected patients to be
compliant and grateful. Today, health care providers and consumers - Answer
encourage more proactive roles for patients' participation in health care decisions with
"shared decision-making"
The U.S. healthcare delivery system has numerous stakeholders. In terms of financial
power, control of delivery system parameters for the majority of Americans, and
influence on consumers and providers of health care, which of the following pairs of
stakeholders is the most influential - Answer Government and private health insurers
Of the levels of prevention associated with the natural history of disease, primary
prevention refers to: - Answer health education and specific protection
In the natural history of a disease, the pre-pathogenesis period refers to - Answer
Behavioral, genetic, environmental and other factors that may contribute to an
individual's likelihood of contracting a disease
Americans spend $9 billion + each year on alternative and complementary therapies.
This trend has caused - Answer many private insurers and Medicare and Medicaid to
provide benefit coverage for certain treatments
The service priorities of the U.S. health care system reflect America's fascination with
dramatic high-tech medicine. As a result - Answer - little of the health care dollar is
spent on prevention
- the US system is the most expensive in the world
- the US has the world's most advanced medical capability
U.S. annual health care expenditures far outstrip those of 7 other developed nations. In
relationship with expenditures, U.S. health population status ranking on critical
indicators in comparison with those other developed nations is - Answer Dismally lower
Potential conflicts of interest occur when physicians own or invest in businesses (e.g.
diagnostic, medical supply companies) to which they can refer patients to generate
profits. In response to these physician conflict of interest issues - Answer The ACA
includes "Sunshine provisions" require reporting of all financial transactions and
transfers of value between pharmaceutical/biologic product manufacturers and
physicians, hospitals and other entities reimbursed by the federal government
Long term care needs of older, chronically ill Americans pose a particular delivery
system challenge because - Answer Neither Medicare nor private insurance support
ongoing, non-acute services
,The major health care advances of the second half of the 20th century were in the area
of - Answer vaccines and antibiotics to prevent and control infectious diseases,
tranquilizers, the birth control pill
Blue Cross Hospital Insurance, the predominant form of health insurance for decades,
was modeled after - Answer Baylor University Hospital's school teachers plan
The Medicaid program has a history of very low reimbursement as compared with
Medicare reimbursement; critics site low Medicaid reimbursement as a major reason
that primary care doctors have rejected serving the Medicaid population. An ACA
provision addresses this issue by - Answer Reimbursing states for primary care
physician fees for Medicaid patients at no less than100% of Medicare payment rates
The explosion of science and technology in the 1970s resulted in which of the
following? - Answer - Encouragement for physicians' specialization
- Higher costs of health care
- Medical school efforts to attract more students to primary care
As early as the 19th century some Americans carried "health insurance" through
employers, fraternal orders, guilds, trade associations, unions or commercial insurance
companies. However unlike health insurance of today, these insurance policies only
provided for - Answer Fixed payments to compensate for lost wages due to injury,
sickness or disability
The Oregon Death with Dignity Act was a response to which of the following - Answer
public and professional concerns about painful and demeaning terminal medical care
The American Medical Association's initial reaction to Blue Cross hospital insurance
plans suggested that the plans: - Answer Were unsound and unethical
A central provision of the ACA to assure health care coverage for most Americans is -
Answer the individual mandate
The most significant social legislation passed by any Congress in the history of the
United States was the - Answer Social Security Act of 1935
To receive incentive payments for demonstrating "meaningful use," providers must meet
criteria in three stages of EHR implementation. In what stage must providers meet
objectives for "capturing patient data and sharing data in a standardized format with
patients and other health care professionals? - Answer Stage 1
Two primary issues that concerned many regarding the ACA - Answer individual
mandate & Medicaid expansion
HIPAA implementation introduced several new provisions beneficial to individuals.
Other than the privacy provision concerning patient data, which other was an important
, provision - Answer Elimination of preexisting periods for individuals moving from job-to-
job
Which of the following is synonymous with an EHR - Answer None of the above
(Remember, EMR, EHR, PHR are all different)
This key Act provided financial incentive programs for physicians to buy, install and
adopt EHR systems - Answer HITECH Act
Policies that benefit only certain groups of people by taking money from one group and
using it to benefit another (i.e. Medicaid) - Answer Redistributive
The US health care system is unlike any in the world because - Answer - it is
fragmented
- it is a $2.7 trillion industry
Integrated health systems or ____________ have been a key provision in the ACA;
these systems better coordinate care and improve quality - Answer Accountable Care
Organizations
The majority of financing in the US Health Care system comes from - Answer private
sources
Policies that call on the government to prescribe and control behavior of a group of
individuals in which sanctions are imposed for noncompliance - Answer Regulatory
This level of prevention consists of rehabilitation and maximizing remaining functional
capacity when disease has occurred and left residual damage; the most costly, labor-
intensive aspect of medical care - Answer Tertiary prevention
A health information exchange architecture that is designed for all institutions to
periodically send copies of their clinical data to one central repository - Answer
Monolithic Model
A major health care concern that has spurred multiple policies in health care - Answer -
cost
- access
- quality
The use of wireless communication devices to support public health and clinical practice
- Answer M-health
The two objectives of any health care delivery system, according to Shi & Singh -
Answer enable all citizens access to care AND cost effective, quality care
In the past, patient behaviors within the health care delivery system were formed from
the authoritarian positions of better-educated providers who expected patients to be
compliant and grateful. Today, health care providers and consumers - Answer
encourage more proactive roles for patients' participation in health care decisions with
"shared decision-making"
The U.S. healthcare delivery system has numerous stakeholders. In terms of financial
power, control of delivery system parameters for the majority of Americans, and
influence on consumers and providers of health care, which of the following pairs of
stakeholders is the most influential - Answer Government and private health insurers
Of the levels of prevention associated with the natural history of disease, primary
prevention refers to: - Answer health education and specific protection
In the natural history of a disease, the pre-pathogenesis period refers to - Answer
Behavioral, genetic, environmental and other factors that may contribute to an
individual's likelihood of contracting a disease
Americans spend $9 billion + each year on alternative and complementary therapies.
This trend has caused - Answer many private insurers and Medicare and Medicaid to
provide benefit coverage for certain treatments
The service priorities of the U.S. health care system reflect America's fascination with
dramatic high-tech medicine. As a result - Answer - little of the health care dollar is
spent on prevention
- the US system is the most expensive in the world
- the US has the world's most advanced medical capability
U.S. annual health care expenditures far outstrip those of 7 other developed nations. In
relationship with expenditures, U.S. health population status ranking on critical
indicators in comparison with those other developed nations is - Answer Dismally lower
Potential conflicts of interest occur when physicians own or invest in businesses (e.g.
diagnostic, medical supply companies) to which they can refer patients to generate
profits. In response to these physician conflict of interest issues - Answer The ACA
includes "Sunshine provisions" require reporting of all financial transactions and
transfers of value between pharmaceutical/biologic product manufacturers and
physicians, hospitals and other entities reimbursed by the federal government
Long term care needs of older, chronically ill Americans pose a particular delivery
system challenge because - Answer Neither Medicare nor private insurance support
ongoing, non-acute services
,The major health care advances of the second half of the 20th century were in the area
of - Answer vaccines and antibiotics to prevent and control infectious diseases,
tranquilizers, the birth control pill
Blue Cross Hospital Insurance, the predominant form of health insurance for decades,
was modeled after - Answer Baylor University Hospital's school teachers plan
The Medicaid program has a history of very low reimbursement as compared with
Medicare reimbursement; critics site low Medicaid reimbursement as a major reason
that primary care doctors have rejected serving the Medicaid population. An ACA
provision addresses this issue by - Answer Reimbursing states for primary care
physician fees for Medicaid patients at no less than100% of Medicare payment rates
The explosion of science and technology in the 1970s resulted in which of the
following? - Answer - Encouragement for physicians' specialization
- Higher costs of health care
- Medical school efforts to attract more students to primary care
As early as the 19th century some Americans carried "health insurance" through
employers, fraternal orders, guilds, trade associations, unions or commercial insurance
companies. However unlike health insurance of today, these insurance policies only
provided for - Answer Fixed payments to compensate for lost wages due to injury,
sickness or disability
The Oregon Death with Dignity Act was a response to which of the following - Answer
public and professional concerns about painful and demeaning terminal medical care
The American Medical Association's initial reaction to Blue Cross hospital insurance
plans suggested that the plans: - Answer Were unsound and unethical
A central provision of the ACA to assure health care coverage for most Americans is -
Answer the individual mandate
The most significant social legislation passed by any Congress in the history of the
United States was the - Answer Social Security Act of 1935
To receive incentive payments for demonstrating "meaningful use," providers must meet
criteria in three stages of EHR implementation. In what stage must providers meet
objectives for "capturing patient data and sharing data in a standardized format with
patients and other health care professionals? - Answer Stage 1
Two primary issues that concerned many regarding the ACA - Answer individual
mandate & Medicaid expansion
HIPAA implementation introduced several new provisions beneficial to individuals.
Other than the privacy provision concerning patient data, which other was an important
, provision - Answer Elimination of preexisting periods for individuals moving from job-to-
job
Which of the following is synonymous with an EHR - Answer None of the above
(Remember, EMR, EHR, PHR are all different)
This key Act provided financial incentive programs for physicians to buy, install and
adopt EHR systems - Answer HITECH Act
Policies that benefit only certain groups of people by taking money from one group and
using it to benefit another (i.e. Medicaid) - Answer Redistributive
The US health care system is unlike any in the world because - Answer - it is
fragmented
- it is a $2.7 trillion industry
Integrated health systems or ____________ have been a key provision in the ACA;
these systems better coordinate care and improve quality - Answer Accountable Care
Organizations
The majority of financing in the US Health Care system comes from - Answer private
sources
Policies that call on the government to prescribe and control behavior of a group of
individuals in which sanctions are imposed for noncompliance - Answer Regulatory
This level of prevention consists of rehabilitation and maximizing remaining functional
capacity when disease has occurred and left residual damage; the most costly, labor-
intensive aspect of medical care - Answer Tertiary prevention
A health information exchange architecture that is designed for all institutions to
periodically send copies of their clinical data to one central repository - Answer
Monolithic Model
A major health care concern that has spurred multiple policies in health care - Answer -
cost
- access
- quality
The use of wireless communication devices to support public health and clinical practice
- Answer M-health
The two objectives of any health care delivery system, according to Shi & Singh -
Answer enable all citizens access to care AND cost effective, quality care
