ROUTING AND ROUTING PROTOCOLS
a)Using a suitable diagram, describe the Ip packet header and its main contents.
Checksum-used for error checking.
b)Outline any 4 mechanisms used to address the shortage of IPv4 addresses.
1)Private addressing- This is where by some IP addresses from the classes are reserved for
private use.
2)Use of IPv6 addresses- IPv6 has a larger address pool than IPv4.
3)DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)-Involves assigning IP addresses automatically
and dynamically such that it is on a temporary basis.
4)NAT(Network Address Translation)-Used to map private IP addresses to a public one.
c)Discuss IPV4 address space management.
ICANN delegates ip address management to IANA. IANA then delegates to the regional
registries who delegate to the local registries and then degates to ISPS. The regional
registries(RIRS) include:
For North America and sub-Saharan Africa refer to The American Registry for Internet
Numbers (ARIN).
For Europe, refer to Réseaux IP Européens (RIPE).
a)Using a suitable diagram, describe the Ip packet header and its main contents.
Checksum-used for error checking.
b)Outline any 4 mechanisms used to address the shortage of IPv4 addresses.
1)Private addressing- This is where by some IP addresses from the classes are reserved for
private use.
2)Use of IPv6 addresses- IPv6 has a larger address pool than IPv4.
3)DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)-Involves assigning IP addresses automatically
and dynamically such that it is on a temporary basis.
4)NAT(Network Address Translation)-Used to map private IP addresses to a public one.
c)Discuss IPV4 address space management.
ICANN delegates ip address management to IANA. IANA then delegates to the regional
registries who delegate to the local registries and then degates to ISPS. The regional
registries(RIRS) include:
For North America and sub-Saharan Africa refer to The American Registry for Internet
Numbers (ARIN).
For Europe, refer to Réseaux IP Européens (RIPE).
