Pharm Exam 2 questions and answers | A RATED| LATEST
A patient receives morphine and shows signs of toxicity. The prescriber orders naloxone [Narcan] to
reverse the effects of the morphine. The nurse understands that the naloxone reverses morphine
toxicity by which action on morphine receptor sites?
a.
Blocking transmitter reuptake
b.
Inhibiting transmitter release
c.
Interfering with transmitter storage
d.
Preventing activation of receptors Correct Answer: d.
Preventing activation of receptors
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about neuropharmacology. Which statement by a
student about peripheral nervous system (PNS) drugs indicates a need for further teaching?
a.
"Drugs affecting axonal conduction have a variety of uses."
b.
"Drugs that alter synaptic transmission can be highly selective."
c.
"Many PNS drugs act by altering synaptic transmission."
d.
"These drugs work by influencing receptor activity." Correct Answer: a.
"Drugs affecting axonal conduction have a variety of uses.
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and learns that it is a nonselective agonist drug. What
does the nurse understand about this drug?
a.
It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes.
b.
It directly activates receptors to affect a specific physiologic process.
c.
It prevents receptor activation to affect many physiologic processes.
d.
It prevents receptor activation to affect a specific physiologic processes. Correct Answer: a.
It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes.
A nurse is administering drug X to a patient. The drug information states that the drug acts by activating
receptors in the peripheral nervous system by increasing transmitter synthesis. The nurse understands
that the effect of this drug is to:
a.
activate axonal conduction.
b.
enhance transmitter storage.
,c.
increase receptor activation.
d.
synthesize supertransmitters. Correct Answer: c.
increase receptor activation.
A nurse learns about a drug that interferes with transmitter storage in the PNS. The transmitter affected
by this drug causes an increased heart rate. What response will the nurse expect to see when this drug is
administered?
a.
Bradycardia
b.
Positive inotropic effects
c.
Prolonged receptor activation
d.
Tachycardia Correct Answer: a.
Bradycardia
A patient receiving botulinum toxin injections to control muscle spasticity asks how the drug works. The
nurse knows that this drug affects the transmitter acetylcholine by:
a.
inhibiting its release.
b.
interfering with its storage.
c.
preventing its reuptake.
d.
promoting its synthesis. Correct Answer: a.
inhibiting its release.
A patient has allergies and takes an antihistamine. The patient wants to know how the drug works. The
nurse understands that antihistamines work because they are what?
a.
Activators
b.
Agonists
c.
Antagonists
d.
Antidotes Correct Answer: c.
Antagonists
A nursing student asks about drugs that interfere with the termination of transmitter action. Which
statement by the nurse is correct?
a.
"Drugs act on this process by altering the diffusion of the transmitter away from the synaptic gap."
b.
,"Drugs can interfere with termination by either increasing or decreasing reuptake of the transmitter."
c.
"Drugs in this category lead to decreased activation by the transmitter in the synapse."
d.
"These drugs reduce either reuptake or degradation of the transmitter, causing an increase in receptor
activation." Correct Answer: d.
"These drugs reduce either reuptake or degradation of the transmitter, causing an increase in receptor
activation."
What is the target organ when a beta1 agonist is administered?
a.
heart
b.
kidney
c.
respiratory
d.
liver Correct Answer: a.
heart
A nurse is teaching a patient about a medication that alters sympathetic nervous system functions. To
evaluate understanding, the nurse asks the patient to describe which functions the sympathetic nervous
system regulates. Which answer indicates the need for further teaching?
a.
"The digestive functions of the body"
b.
"The cardiovascular system"
c.
"The fight-or-flight response"
d.
"Body temperature" Correct Answer: a.
"The digestive functions of the body"
A patient is wheezing and short of breath. The nurse assesses a heart rate of 88 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 124/78 mm Hg. The prescriber orders
a nonspecific beta agonist medication. Besides evaluating the patient for a reduction in respiratory
distress, the nurse will monitor for which side effect?
a.
Hypotension
b.
Tachycardia
c.
Tachypnea
d.
Urinary retention Correct Answer: b.
Tachycardia
, A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about neurotransmitters. Which statement by a student
about acetylcholine indicates a need for further teaching?
a.
"It activates three cholinergic receptor subtypes."
b.
"It has effects in the parasympathetic, sympathetic, and somatic nervous systems."
c.
"It is used at most junctions of the peripheral nervous system."
d.
"Its transmission is terminated by reuptake into the cholinergic nerve terminal." Correct Answer: d.
"Its transmission is terminated by reuptake into the cholinergic nerve terminal."
A nurse is administering an agonist drug that acts on postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous
system. Which response will the nurse expect to see?
a.
Decreased sweating
b.
Bronchodilation
c.
Increased cardiac output
d.
Pinpoint pupils Correct Answer: c.
Increased cardiac output
Many medications list side effects that include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. What
kinds of effects are these?
a.
Alpha adrenergic
b.
Anticholinergic
c.
Beta adrenergic
d.
Sympathetic Correct Answer: b.
Anticholinergic
A nurse is explaining activation of beta2 receptors to nursing students during a clinical rotation at the
hospital. Which statement by a student demonstrates a need for further teaching?
a.
"Beta2 activation results in bronchodilation."
b.
"Beta2 activation results in contraction of uterine muscle."
c.
"Beta2 activation results in glycogenolysis."
d.
"Beta2 activation results in vasodilation of skeletal muscles." Correct Answer: b.
"Beta2 activation results in contraction of uterine muscle."
A patient receives morphine and shows signs of toxicity. The prescriber orders naloxone [Narcan] to
reverse the effects of the morphine. The nurse understands that the naloxone reverses morphine
toxicity by which action on morphine receptor sites?
a.
Blocking transmitter reuptake
b.
Inhibiting transmitter release
c.
Interfering with transmitter storage
d.
Preventing activation of receptors Correct Answer: d.
Preventing activation of receptors
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about neuropharmacology. Which statement by a
student about peripheral nervous system (PNS) drugs indicates a need for further teaching?
a.
"Drugs affecting axonal conduction have a variety of uses."
b.
"Drugs that alter synaptic transmission can be highly selective."
c.
"Many PNS drugs act by altering synaptic transmission."
d.
"These drugs work by influencing receptor activity." Correct Answer: a.
"Drugs affecting axonal conduction have a variety of uses.
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication and learns that it is a nonselective agonist drug. What
does the nurse understand about this drug?
a.
It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes.
b.
It directly activates receptors to affect a specific physiologic process.
c.
It prevents receptor activation to affect many physiologic processes.
d.
It prevents receptor activation to affect a specific physiologic processes. Correct Answer: a.
It directly activates receptors to affect many physiologic processes.
A nurse is administering drug X to a patient. The drug information states that the drug acts by activating
receptors in the peripheral nervous system by increasing transmitter synthesis. The nurse understands
that the effect of this drug is to:
a.
activate axonal conduction.
b.
enhance transmitter storage.
,c.
increase receptor activation.
d.
synthesize supertransmitters. Correct Answer: c.
increase receptor activation.
A nurse learns about a drug that interferes with transmitter storage in the PNS. The transmitter affected
by this drug causes an increased heart rate. What response will the nurse expect to see when this drug is
administered?
a.
Bradycardia
b.
Positive inotropic effects
c.
Prolonged receptor activation
d.
Tachycardia Correct Answer: a.
Bradycardia
A patient receiving botulinum toxin injections to control muscle spasticity asks how the drug works. The
nurse knows that this drug affects the transmitter acetylcholine by:
a.
inhibiting its release.
b.
interfering with its storage.
c.
preventing its reuptake.
d.
promoting its synthesis. Correct Answer: a.
inhibiting its release.
A patient has allergies and takes an antihistamine. The patient wants to know how the drug works. The
nurse understands that antihistamines work because they are what?
a.
Activators
b.
Agonists
c.
Antagonists
d.
Antidotes Correct Answer: c.
Antagonists
A nursing student asks about drugs that interfere with the termination of transmitter action. Which
statement by the nurse is correct?
a.
"Drugs act on this process by altering the diffusion of the transmitter away from the synaptic gap."
b.
,"Drugs can interfere with termination by either increasing or decreasing reuptake of the transmitter."
c.
"Drugs in this category lead to decreased activation by the transmitter in the synapse."
d.
"These drugs reduce either reuptake or degradation of the transmitter, causing an increase in receptor
activation." Correct Answer: d.
"These drugs reduce either reuptake or degradation of the transmitter, causing an increase in receptor
activation."
What is the target organ when a beta1 agonist is administered?
a.
heart
b.
kidney
c.
respiratory
d.
liver Correct Answer: a.
heart
A nurse is teaching a patient about a medication that alters sympathetic nervous system functions. To
evaluate understanding, the nurse asks the patient to describe which functions the sympathetic nervous
system regulates. Which answer indicates the need for further teaching?
a.
"The digestive functions of the body"
b.
"The cardiovascular system"
c.
"The fight-or-flight response"
d.
"Body temperature" Correct Answer: a.
"The digestive functions of the body"
A patient is wheezing and short of breath. The nurse assesses a heart rate of 88 beats per minute, a
respiratory rate of 24 breaths per minute, and a blood pressure of 124/78 mm Hg. The prescriber orders
a nonspecific beta agonist medication. Besides evaluating the patient for a reduction in respiratory
distress, the nurse will monitor for which side effect?
a.
Hypotension
b.
Tachycardia
c.
Tachypnea
d.
Urinary retention Correct Answer: b.
Tachycardia
, A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about neurotransmitters. Which statement by a student
about acetylcholine indicates a need for further teaching?
a.
"It activates three cholinergic receptor subtypes."
b.
"It has effects in the parasympathetic, sympathetic, and somatic nervous systems."
c.
"It is used at most junctions of the peripheral nervous system."
d.
"Its transmission is terminated by reuptake into the cholinergic nerve terminal." Correct Answer: d.
"Its transmission is terminated by reuptake into the cholinergic nerve terminal."
A nurse is administering an agonist drug that acts on postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous
system. Which response will the nurse expect to see?
a.
Decreased sweating
b.
Bronchodilation
c.
Increased cardiac output
d.
Pinpoint pupils Correct Answer: c.
Increased cardiac output
Many medications list side effects that include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention. What
kinds of effects are these?
a.
Alpha adrenergic
b.
Anticholinergic
c.
Beta adrenergic
d.
Sympathetic Correct Answer: b.
Anticholinergic
A nurse is explaining activation of beta2 receptors to nursing students during a clinical rotation at the
hospital. Which statement by a student demonstrates a need for further teaching?
a.
"Beta2 activation results in bronchodilation."
b.
"Beta2 activation results in contraction of uterine muscle."
c.
"Beta2 activation results in glycogenolysis."
d.
"Beta2 activation results in vasodilation of skeletal muscles." Correct Answer: b.
"Beta2 activation results in contraction of uterine muscle."
