ATI RN Nutrition Practice B
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory date of four clients. The nurse identify that which of
the following clients is experiencing fluid overload?
a. a client who has an albumin level of 5.5 g/dl
b. a client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.035
c. a client who has a Hct of 55%
d. a client who has a sodium level of 130 mEq/L - Answer d. a client who has a sodium
level of 130 mEq/L
*The nurse should identify that this client's sodium level is lower than the expected
reference range of 136 to 145 mEq/L and indicates hyponatremia. Hyponatremia, often
called water deficit, is a decrease of sodium concentration in the blood caused by an
excess of water. Manifestations of hyponatremia include confusion, headache, nausea,
and fatigue.
A nursing is planning discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following a
placement of a colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. "resume a regular diet by 4 weeks after surgery"
B. "Add high fiber foods to your diet"
C. "increase your intake of foods containing pectin"
D. "drink 4 to 6 cups of water per day" - Answer C. "increase your intake of foods
containing pectin"
*the nurse should instruct the client to consume foods that thicken the consistency of
feces, such as foods containing pectin.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which if
the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for impaired
wound healing?
A) Hgb 15 g/dl
B) Serum Albumin 3.0 g/dl
C) Prothrombin time 11.5 seconds
D) WBC 6,000/mm3 - Answer B) Serum Albumin 3.0 g/dl
*The nurse should identify that this albumin level is less than the expected reference
range of 3.5 to 5 g/dL. A decreased albumin level is a manifestation of malnutrition and
can increase the risk for poor wound healing and infection.
a nurse is providing teaching to a client who is lactating about increasing her protein
intake. which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best source of
protein?
a.) legumes
b.) cottage cheese
c.)peanut butter
,d) whole grain cereal
b.) cottage cheese - Answer b.) cottage cheese
*The nurse should recommend cottage cheese as the best source of protein because it
is a complete protein. Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids and
provide the best support for human growth and nourishment.
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which
intervention should she include?
a.) Weigh the client once weekly at the same time of the day.
b.) Stay with the client for 30 min after meals.
c.) Allow the client to schedule mealtimes.
d.) Assign privileges based on direct weight gain. - Answer d.) Assign privileges based
on direct weight gain.
*The nurse should explain to the client that restrictions and privileges will be dependent
on treatment compliance and direct weight gain. This approach involves the client in
development of the plan of care and gives them control in achieving desired privileges.
a nurse in an antepartum clinic is teaching a client about nutritional recommendations
during pregnancy. which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
a.) "I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy."
b.) "I should decrease protein intake during my pregnancy."
c.) "I should plan to gain at least 50 pounds during my pregnancy."
d.) "I should increase my fat intake during the first trimester of my pregnancy." - Answer
a.) "I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy."
*Clients who are pregnant should take 30 mg of iron supplementation daily to reduce
the risk for iron-deficiency anemia.
A nurse is admitting a client who has had a fever and diarrhea for the past 3 days.
which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is dehydrated?
a.) Distended neck veins
b.) Orthostatic hypotension
c.) Weight gain
d.) Peripheral edema - Answer b.) Orthostatic hypotension
*The nurse should identify a client who is dehydrated can experience orthostatic
hypotension due to the fluid loss from the client's body, which causes low blood volume,
resulting in low blood pressure.
A nurse is providing information regarding breastfeeding to the parents of a newborn.
which of the following statements should the nurse make?
a.) "Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age."
, b.) "Iron-fortified infant formulas are nutritionally inferior to breast milk."
c.) "Supplemental water is needed to provide an adequate fluid intake."
d.) "Use whole cow's milk if you discontinue breastfeeding in the first year." - Answer a.)
"Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age."
*Breast milk is nutritionally complete to support growth and development of newborns
and infants.
a nurse is assessing a client who experienced a 5% weight loss in the past 30 days.
which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of malnutrition?
a.) Moist skin
b.) Ankle edema
c.) Hyperreflexia
d.) Dilated pupils - Answer b.) Ankle edema
*The nurse should identify that lower extremity edema is a manifestation of malnutrition
and is indicative of a protein deficiency in the client.
A nurse is providing teaching regarding diet modifications to a client who is at a risk for
cardiovascular disease. the client is accustomed to traditional Mexican foods and wants
to continue to include them in her diet. which of the following recommendations should
the nurse give the client?
a.) Use canola oil instead of lard for frying.
b.) Use soy milk instead of cow's milk.
c.) Use vegetables in salads rather than in soups.
d.) Limit ground beef intake to 8 oz per day. - Answer a.) Use canola oil instead of lard
for frying.
*The nurse should teach the client to use monounsaturated fats, such as canola oil,
instead of saturated fats, such as lard, to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease.
a nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has dysphagia and is being
discharged home with a prescription for a mechanical soft diet. which of the following
foods should the nurse include in the plan?
a.) Fresh peas
b.) White rice
c.) Orange slices
d.) Mashed potatoes - Answer d.) Mashed potatoes
*A mechanical soft diet is a diet of foods with altered texture. It includes cooked fruits
and vegetables, foods that are softened with liquids, and foods that are thickened for
consistency.
A nurse is caring for a client who has age-relate macular degeneration (AMD) and asks
the nurse if there are any nutritional changes to consider. which of the following
responses should the nurse make?
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory date of four clients. The nurse identify that which of
the following clients is experiencing fluid overload?
a. a client who has an albumin level of 5.5 g/dl
b. a client who has a urine specific gravity of 1.035
c. a client who has a Hct of 55%
d. a client who has a sodium level of 130 mEq/L - Answer d. a client who has a sodium
level of 130 mEq/L
*The nurse should identify that this client's sodium level is lower than the expected
reference range of 136 to 145 mEq/L and indicates hyponatremia. Hyponatremia, often
called water deficit, is a decrease of sodium concentration in the blood caused by an
excess of water. Manifestations of hyponatremia include confusion, headache, nausea,
and fatigue.
A nursing is planning discharge teaching for a client who is postoperative following a
placement of a colostomy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
A. "resume a regular diet by 4 weeks after surgery"
B. "Add high fiber foods to your diet"
C. "increase your intake of foods containing pectin"
D. "drink 4 to 6 cups of water per day" - Answer C. "increase your intake of foods
containing pectin"
*the nurse should instruct the client to consume foods that thicken the consistency of
feces, such as foods containing pectin.
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a pressure ulcer. Which if
the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is at risk for impaired
wound healing?
A) Hgb 15 g/dl
B) Serum Albumin 3.0 g/dl
C) Prothrombin time 11.5 seconds
D) WBC 6,000/mm3 - Answer B) Serum Albumin 3.0 g/dl
*The nurse should identify that this albumin level is less than the expected reference
range of 3.5 to 5 g/dL. A decreased albumin level is a manifestation of malnutrition and
can increase the risk for poor wound healing and infection.
a nurse is providing teaching to a client who is lactating about increasing her protein
intake. which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as the best source of
protein?
a.) legumes
b.) cottage cheese
c.)peanut butter
,d) whole grain cereal
b.) cottage cheese - Answer b.) cottage cheese
*The nurse should recommend cottage cheese as the best source of protein because it
is a complete protein. Complete proteins contain all nine essential amino acids and
provide the best support for human growth and nourishment.
A nurse is creating a plan of care for a client who has anorexia nervosa. Which
intervention should she include?
a.) Weigh the client once weekly at the same time of the day.
b.) Stay with the client for 30 min after meals.
c.) Allow the client to schedule mealtimes.
d.) Assign privileges based on direct weight gain. - Answer d.) Assign privileges based
on direct weight gain.
*The nurse should explain to the client that restrictions and privileges will be dependent
on treatment compliance and direct weight gain. This approach involves the client in
development of the plan of care and gives them control in achieving desired privileges.
a nurse in an antepartum clinic is teaching a client about nutritional recommendations
during pregnancy. which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of
the teaching?
a.) "I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy."
b.) "I should decrease protein intake during my pregnancy."
c.) "I should plan to gain at least 50 pounds during my pregnancy."
d.) "I should increase my fat intake during the first trimester of my pregnancy." - Answer
a.) "I should take a daily iron supplement during my pregnancy."
*Clients who are pregnant should take 30 mg of iron supplementation daily to reduce
the risk for iron-deficiency anemia.
A nurse is admitting a client who has had a fever and diarrhea for the past 3 days.
which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse the client is dehydrated?
a.) Distended neck veins
b.) Orthostatic hypotension
c.) Weight gain
d.) Peripheral edema - Answer b.) Orthostatic hypotension
*The nurse should identify a client who is dehydrated can experience orthostatic
hypotension due to the fluid loss from the client's body, which causes low blood volume,
resulting in low blood pressure.
A nurse is providing information regarding breastfeeding to the parents of a newborn.
which of the following statements should the nurse make?
a.) "Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age."
, b.) "Iron-fortified infant formulas are nutritionally inferior to breast milk."
c.) "Supplemental water is needed to provide an adequate fluid intake."
d.) "Use whole cow's milk if you discontinue breastfeeding in the first year." - Answer a.)
"Breast milk is nutritionally complete for an infant up to 6 months of age."
*Breast milk is nutritionally complete to support growth and development of newborns
and infants.
a nurse is assessing a client who experienced a 5% weight loss in the past 30 days.
which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication of malnutrition?
a.) Moist skin
b.) Ankle edema
c.) Hyperreflexia
d.) Dilated pupils - Answer b.) Ankle edema
*The nurse should identify that lower extremity edema is a manifestation of malnutrition
and is indicative of a protein deficiency in the client.
A nurse is providing teaching regarding diet modifications to a client who is at a risk for
cardiovascular disease. the client is accustomed to traditional Mexican foods and wants
to continue to include them in her diet. which of the following recommendations should
the nurse give the client?
a.) Use canola oil instead of lard for frying.
b.) Use soy milk instead of cow's milk.
c.) Use vegetables in salads rather than in soups.
d.) Limit ground beef intake to 8 oz per day. - Answer a.) Use canola oil instead of lard
for frying.
*The nurse should teach the client to use monounsaturated fats, such as canola oil,
instead of saturated fats, such as lard, to reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease.
a nurse is developing a teaching plan for a client who has dysphagia and is being
discharged home with a prescription for a mechanical soft diet. which of the following
foods should the nurse include in the plan?
a.) Fresh peas
b.) White rice
c.) Orange slices
d.) Mashed potatoes - Answer d.) Mashed potatoes
*A mechanical soft diet is a diet of foods with altered texture. It includes cooked fruits
and vegetables, foods that are softened with liquids, and foods that are thickened for
consistency.
A nurse is caring for a client who has age-relate macular degeneration (AMD) and asks
the nurse if there are any nutritional changes to consider. which of the following
responses should the nurse make?
