Maternal child Ch. 40
Which statement best describes why children have fewer respiratory tract infections as
they grow older?
a. The amount of lymphoid tissue decreases.
b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity.
c. Viral organisms are less prevalent in the population.
d. Secondary infections rarely occur after viral illnesses. - Answer ANS: B
Children have increased immunity after exposure to a virus. The amount of lymphoid
tissue increases as
children grow older. Viral organisms are not less prevalent, but older children have the
ability to resist
invading organisms. Secondary infections after viral illnesses include Mycoplasma
pneumoniae and groups A
and B streptococcal infections.
A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion
with purulent nasal
drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. The nurse
recognizes that these symptoms
are characteristic of which respiratory condition?
a. Allergic rhinitis c. Asthma
b. Bronchitis d. Sinusitis - Answer ANS: D
Sinusitis is characterized by signs and symptoms of a cold that do not improve after 14
days, a low-grade
fever, nasal congestion and purulent nasal discharge, headache, tenderness, a feeling
of fullness over the
affected sinuses, halitosis, and a cough that increases when the child is lying down. The
classic symptoms of
allergic rhinitis are watery rhinorrhea; itchy nose, eyes, ears, and palate; and sneezing.
Symptoms occur as long
as the child is exposed to the allergen. Bronchitis is characterized by a gradual onset of
rhinitis and a cough
that is initially nonproductive but may change to a loose cough. The manifestations of
asthma may vary, with
wheezing being a classic sign. The symptoms presented in the question do not suggest
asthma.
Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper
respiratory tract
infection. Instructions for nose drops should include:
a. Avoiding use for more than 3 days.
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 648
b. Keeping drops to use again for nasal congestion.
c. Administering drops until nasal congestion subsides.
, d. Administering drops after feedings and at bedtime. - Answer ANS: A
Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as Neo-Synephrine should not be used for more than
3 days to avoid rebound
congestion. Drops should be discarded after one illness because they may become
contaminated with bacteria. Vasoconstrictive nose drops can have a rebound effect
after 3 days of use. Drops administered before feedings
are more helpful.
When caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated
temperature, an appropriate
nursing intervention is to:
a. Give tepid water baths to reduce fever.
b. Encourage food intake to maintain caloric needs.
c. Have child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling.
d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. - Answer
ANS: D
Preventing dehydration by small frequent feedings is an important intervention in the
febrile child. Tepid water
baths may induce shivering, which raises temperature. Food should not be forced; it
may result in the child
vomiting. The febrile child should be dressed in light, loose clothing.
The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health
care professional if the
infant:
a. Becomes fussy. c. Has a fever over 99 F.
b. Has a cough. d. Shows signs of an earache. - Answer ANS: D
If an infant with nasopharyngitis has a fever over 101 F, there is early evidence of
respiratory complications.
Irritability and a slight fever are common in an infant with a viral illness. Cough can be a
sign of
nasopharyngitis.
It is generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis can return
to school:
a. When the sore throat is better. c. After taking antibiotics for 24 hours.
b. If no complications develop. d. After taking antibiotics for 3 days. - Answer ANS: C
After children have taken antibiotics for 24 hours, even if the sore throat persists, they
are no longer contagious
to other children. Complications may take days to weeks to develop.
A child is diagnosed with influenza, probably type A disease. Management includes:
a. Clear liquid diet for hydration.
b. Aspirin to control fever.
c. Amantadine hydrochloride to reduce symptoms.
d. Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection. - Answer ANS: C
Which statement best describes why children have fewer respiratory tract infections as
they grow older?
a. The amount of lymphoid tissue decreases.
b. Repeated exposure to organisms causes increased immunity.
c. Viral organisms are less prevalent in the population.
d. Secondary infections rarely occur after viral illnesses. - Answer ANS: B
Children have increased immunity after exposure to a virus. The amount of lymphoid
tissue increases as
children grow older. Viral organisms are not less prevalent, but older children have the
ability to resist
invading organisms. Secondary infections after viral illnesses include Mycoplasma
pneumoniae and groups A
and B streptococcal infections.
A child has had cold symptoms for more than 2 weeks, a headache, nasal congestion
with purulent nasal
drainage, facial tenderness, and a cough that increases during sleep. The nurse
recognizes that these symptoms
are characteristic of which respiratory condition?
a. Allergic rhinitis c. Asthma
b. Bronchitis d. Sinusitis - Answer ANS: D
Sinusitis is characterized by signs and symptoms of a cold that do not improve after 14
days, a low-grade
fever, nasal congestion and purulent nasal discharge, headache, tenderness, a feeling
of fullness over the
affected sinuses, halitosis, and a cough that increases when the child is lying down. The
classic symptoms of
allergic rhinitis are watery rhinorrhea; itchy nose, eyes, ears, and palate; and sneezing.
Symptoms occur as long
as the child is exposed to the allergen. Bronchitis is characterized by a gradual onset of
rhinitis and a cough
that is initially nonproductive but may change to a loose cough. The manifestations of
asthma may vary, with
wheezing being a classic sign. The symptoms presented in the question do not suggest
asthma.
Decongestant nose drops are recommended for a 10-month-old infant with an upper
respiratory tract
infection. Instructions for nose drops should include:
a. Avoiding use for more than 3 days.
Test Bank - Maternal Child Nursing Care by Perry (6th Edition, 2017) 648
b. Keeping drops to use again for nasal congestion.
c. Administering drops until nasal congestion subsides.
, d. Administering drops after feedings and at bedtime. - Answer ANS: A
Vasoconstrictive nose drops such as Neo-Synephrine should not be used for more than
3 days to avoid rebound
congestion. Drops should be discarded after one illness because they may become
contaminated with bacteria. Vasoconstrictive nose drops can have a rebound effect
after 3 days of use. Drops administered before feedings
are more helpful.
When caring for an infant with an upper respiratory tract infection and elevated
temperature, an appropriate
nursing intervention is to:
a. Give tepid water baths to reduce fever.
b. Encourage food intake to maintain caloric needs.
c. Have child wear heavy clothing to prevent chilling.
d. Give small amounts of favorite fluids frequently to prevent dehydration. - Answer
ANS: D
Preventing dehydration by small frequent feedings is an important intervention in the
febrile child. Tepid water
baths may induce shivering, which raises temperature. Food should not be forced; it
may result in the child
vomiting. The febrile child should be dressed in light, loose clothing.
The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health
care professional if the
infant:
a. Becomes fussy. c. Has a fever over 99 F.
b. Has a cough. d. Shows signs of an earache. - Answer ANS: D
If an infant with nasopharyngitis has a fever over 101 F, there is early evidence of
respiratory complications.
Irritability and a slight fever are common in an infant with a viral illness. Cough can be a
sign of
nasopharyngitis.
It is generally recommended that a child with acute streptococcal pharyngitis can return
to school:
a. When the sore throat is better. c. After taking antibiotics for 24 hours.
b. If no complications develop. d. After taking antibiotics for 3 days. - Answer ANS: C
After children have taken antibiotics for 24 hours, even if the sore throat persists, they
are no longer contagious
to other children. Complications may take days to weeks to develop.
A child is diagnosed with influenza, probably type A disease. Management includes:
a. Clear liquid diet for hydration.
b. Aspirin to control fever.
c. Amantadine hydrochloride to reduce symptoms.
d. Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection. - Answer ANS: C
