AGNP BOARD EXAM
Endocrinology Assessment
(48 Questions with Answers and Explanations)
Question:
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an infant is:
History of poor intestinal absorption
Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
Meconium ileus
Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person and over time.
Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times, symptoms may become more severe.
One of the first signs of CF that parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes salty when
kissed, or the baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs and symptoms of
CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the respiratory, digestive, or reproductive
systems of the body.
Question:
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical manifestation
would be evident?
Prematurity
Hyperthermia
Hyperactivity
Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after term. Most practitioners
now depend on the screening test in newborns to diagnose this condition since the symptoms or
signs take time to develop. The symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism may include some of
the following: puffy face, coarse facial features, enlarged anterior fontanel, thick protruding
1
,tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced stooling, prolonged jaundice, decreased activity
with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and pale skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve
abnormality), poor weight gain due to poor appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
Question:
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is termed:
amenorrhea.
gynecomastia.
adrenarche.
precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is considered precocious
puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation. Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast
tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8 years old.
Question:
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx and above the
clavicles is the:
parathyroid gland.
thyroid gland. Correct
hypothalamus gland.
thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx
and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located in the neck
behind the thyroid gland. The thymus gland is rectangular and located in the mediastinum of the
thoracic cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the sternum. The hypothalamus
is located in the brain.
2
, Question:
When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is suggestive of:
a carotid aneurysm.
a normal finding.
hyperthyroidism. Correct
a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an enlarged thyroid may be
heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal finding. A bruit is not usually associated with a
thyroid malignancy.
Question:
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is noted. These findings
describe:
a cyst.
a nodule. Correct
a goiter.
hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid cysts are fluid-filled. A
goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck. Hyperplasia is an abnormal increase in the
volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells
Question:
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth hormones is known
as:
gigantism.
prolactinoma.
acromegaly. Correct
congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
3
Endocrinology Assessment
(48 Questions with Answers and Explanations)
Question:
The earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of cystic fibrosis in an infant is:
History of poor intestinal absorption
Foul smelling, frothy, greasy stools
Meconium ileus
Salty taste on the skin Correct
Explanation:
The signs and symptoms of cystic fibrosis (CF) vary from person to person and over time.
Sometimes there will be few symptoms and other times, symptoms may become more severe.
One of the first signs of CF that parents may notice is that their baby's skin tastes salty when
kissed, or the baby doesn't pass stool when first born. Most of the other signs and symptoms of
CF happen later. They're related to how CF affects the respiratory, digestive, or reproductive
systems of the body.
Question:
If a newborn is suspected of having congenital hypothyroidism, which clinical manifestation
would be evident?
Prematurity
Hyperthermia
Hyperactivity
Enlarged anterior fontanel Correct
Explanation:
Infants with congenital hypothyroidism are usually born at term or after term. Most practitioners
now depend on the screening test in newborns to diagnose this condition since the symptoms or
signs take time to develop. The symptoms of congenital hypothyroidism may include some of
the following: puffy face, coarse facial features, enlarged anterior fontanel, thick protruding
1
,tongue, poor feeding, constipation or reduced stooling, prolonged jaundice, decreased activity
with hypotonia, hypothermia and cool and pale skin, goiter, birth defects (e.g., heart valve
abnormality), poor weight gain due to poor appetite, and swollen hands, feet and genitals.
Question:
The appearance of breast development in girls before the age of 8 years is termed:
amenorrhea.
gynecomastia.
adrenarche.
precocious puberty. Correct
Explanation:
Puberty that begins before age 8 in girls and before age 9 in boys is considered precocious
puberty. Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation. Gynecomastia is swelling of the breast
tissue in boys or men. Adrenarche is the early presence of pubic hair in girls aged 5-8 years old.
Question:
A butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx and above the
clavicles is the:
parathyroid gland.
thyroid gland. Correct
hypothalamus gland.
thymus gland.
Explanation:
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the middle of the neck below the larynx
and above the clavicles. The parathyroid glands are small endocrine glands located in the neck
behind the thyroid gland. The thymus gland is rectangular and located in the mediastinum of the
thoracic cavity anterior and superior to the heart and posterior to the sternum. The hypothalamus
is located in the brain.
2
, Question:
When auscultating the enlarged thyroid with a stethoscope, a bruit is suggestive of:
a carotid aneurysm.
a normal finding.
hyperthyroidism. Correct
a thyroid malignancy.
Explanation:
A systolic or continuous bruit auscultated with a stethoscope over an enlarged thyroid may be
heard in hyperthyroidism. This is not a normal finding. A bruit is not usually associated with a
thyroid malignancy.
Question:
During assessment of the thyroid, a fixed, firm, nontender large mass is noted. These findings
describe:
a cyst.
a nodule. Correct
a goiter.
hyperplasia.
Explanation:
A thyroid nodule presents as a fixed, firm, nontender large mass. Thyroid cysts are fluid-filled. A
goiter causes visible swelling at the base of the neck. Hyperplasia is an abnormal increase in the
volume of a tissue or organ caused by the formation and growth of new normal cells
Question:
A hormonal disorder in adults resulting from the overproduction of growth hormones is known
as:
gigantism.
prolactinoma.
acromegaly. Correct
congenital adrenal hyperplasia.
3
