CWS-100 Practice Test-1
In the 2.4GHz range, what distance between the center frequencies (in megahertz) is required for two
channels to be considered nonoverlapping for HR/DSSS? Correct Answer: BB??
Why is a 2.4 GHz RF signal able to propagate through a section of drywall and be received at a higher
signal strength than a 5 GHz RF signal when they are both transmitted using the same transmit power?
Correct Answer: 2.4 GHz signals have a longer wavelength. Note:
Not only do lower frequencies propagate farther due to their longer wavelength, but they also
penetrate obstructions better, resulting in higher signal strengths on the opposite side of the
obstruction from the AP than would happen if a higher frequency were used. This is one of the reasons
you see 2.4 GHz sill in use in so many places like logistics and warehousing.
What is the purpose of a WLAN Management system? Correct Answer: To allow centralized AP
administration.
Note: WLAN Management systems allow centralized administration of WLAN APs and controllers. The
management system may be on premises or hosted in the Cloud so cloud based administration is not
always provided.
When acting as a RADIUS server, enterprise quality APs can use what kind of authentication database
when no centralized identity database exists? Correct Answer: Local
Note: Active Directory and eDirectory are centralized solutions. A local database is used when no
centralized solution is available.
Increasing the transmit power used by an access point will result in an increase in what characteristic of
an RF signal? Correct Answer: Amplitude
Note: The term amplitude is used to describe the power of an RF signal. Any change in transmit power
of an RF signal will change the amplitude of that signal.
What phenomenon of wireless transmissions is deemed to have a negative impact on SISO deployments
but is desirable in MIMO deployments? Correct Answer: Multipath
Note: All of the reflected signals caused by multipath are something you try to mitigate using antenna
diversity in a SISO network. However, in a MIMO network the reflections caused by multipath give the
receiver additional instances of the same signal, allowing for better decoding of the special streams.
Within what mode is an access point operating when it is collecting information wirelessly for a Wireless
Intrusion Prevention System (WIPS) and not supporting clients? Correct Answer: Monitor Mode
Note: Monitor Mode or Scanner Mode is used to turn an access point into a sensor for a WIPS. When
used in this mode, client support is not available on the radios used by the access point to scan.
,The component used to connect an antenna to a radio that uses a different connector type is most
commonly referred to by what name? Correct Answer: A Pigtail
Note: The component that is used to connect antennas and radios using different connector types is
most commonly referred to as a pigtail.
As a station moves closer to an access point it begins to use a higher data rate than it was using before
at a greater distance. What is the name used to describe this behavior? Correct Answer: Dynamic Rate
Switching (DRS)
Note: Client devices and access points negotiate the fastest data rate they both support to improve
performance. As a stations moves about, the signal from the access point may be detected as growing
weaker or growing stronger. The signal strength with which a station detects an access point is used by
the station to determine the data rate it should be using to remain connected to the access point. The
stronger the signal strength detected the higher the data rate used. The lower the signal strength the
lower the data rate used. This process is called Dynamic Rate Switching (DRS).
What should you consider when deploying additional access points in a wireless LAN to increase
capacity? Correct Answer: All of these important factors:
a. Channels already in use by existing access points
b. The number of concurrent connections required in the service set area
c. Distance of new AP's from the mounting points of existing access points
Note: When expanding a wireless LAN there are many factors to take into account with regard to
existing access points. APs may need to be moved, power levels adjusted, channels adjusted, or APs may
need to be replaced with newer devices. Expanding an existing WLAN can be as large a challenge as
deploying a new one.
When deploying an access point in an office environment, what is a reason to use an external antenna
vs. using an access point with an internal antenna? Correct Answer: To provide the desired coverage
Note: Antennas not only amplify signals they also help to shape the coverage. However, most office use
access points with internal antennas for looks and to reduce the number of stations that are able to see
and connect to any one access point.
Users within a company have a need to print wirelessly. The office manager has purchased a wireless
printer for their use. What is the best way for printer be configured for use in the office? Correct
Answer: Connect the printer to the network via Ethernet cable, disable the wireless card in the printer
and treat the printer as any other network asset
Note: Although the printer has a wireless card, ad-hoc networking should never be used in an office and
enabling an AP in a printer is problematic as it is not typically considered in the access WLAN design.
Additionally, users' computers can only be connected to one AP at a time. Connecting the printer
wirelessly could work. However, you may have to enable station to station traffic on the WLAN which
introduces too many security concerns, such as peer-to-peer attacks. The best thing to do is to connect
the printer to the network using an Ethernet cable and treat it as any other network resource.
, When an RF signal strikes an object and is neither reflected nor diffracted by the object but fails to pass
through the object, what term best describes this phenomenon? Correct Answer: Absorption
Note: When an RF signal fails to penetrate an object, is not reflected by nor diffracted by the object, that
phenomenon is called absorption.
Even though you know there are several legacy clients on your network, you have disabled the two
lowest data rates on all of your access points. What is a benefit of this configuration? Correct Answer:
Clients must be closer to the access points to connect
Note: By disabling the two lowest data rates, clients must be closer to the access points to connect. This
will increase throughput for each service set due to the lack of data transmissions at the lower speeds
causing undesirable contention and forcing clients at distance to roam to a closer access point.
When there are no AC power outlets near the locations where access points are to be deployed and the
switches used to connect the access points to the wired LAN do not provide PoE connectivity, how can
you power the access points without adding AC power outlets or using extension cords? Correct Answer:
Use midspan PoE injectors to power the access points
Note: Midspan injectors draw power from AC outlets and inject the power into the Ethernet cables used
to connect the access points. Placing generators at each location is not a cost-feasible solution and over-
the-air power is not an available solution today.
Your office has recently allowed the use of personal devices on the corporate network by using a
separate SSID (wireless network name). The network as utilized at about 40% before making this
change. Users now complain about long waits when downloading files from the corporate network using
company owned devices. What is the most likely cause of the problem? Correct Answer: The personal
devices and the new SSID have increased network use and channel contention slowing down throughput
Note: Additional devices using the same access points, even with an additional SSID, will increase
contention and slow throughput. The extra beacon frames (frames used to announce the network) from
the additional SSID consume extra airtime. The additional devices are consuming extra airtime as well.
The result will be decreased throughput for the corporate devices if the WLAN was already heavily
utilized.
A neighboring office has just implemented a new hotspot for their guests using channel 9. What is the
most likely reason your access points on channels 6 and 11 near this new access point are having
difficulty providing good service to your clients in the same area? Correct Answer: Channel 9 overlaps
with channels 6 and 11 causing interference
Note: Channel 9 overlaps with channels 6 and 11. When your access points and their stations in range of
the neighboring guest network try to transmit they do not detect the signals from the neighboring guest
network as 802.11 frames but rather as noise. When your access points and stations on channels 6 and
11 in the area transmit, their frames are having a high collision rate due to the adjacent channel
interference caused by your neighbor's guest network.
Within the 2.4 GHz spectrum, which combination of three channels is considered to be non-overlapping
when used in the same space? Correct Answer: 1, 7 and 13
In the 2.4GHz range, what distance between the center frequencies (in megahertz) is required for two
channels to be considered nonoverlapping for HR/DSSS? Correct Answer: BB??
Why is a 2.4 GHz RF signal able to propagate through a section of drywall and be received at a higher
signal strength than a 5 GHz RF signal when they are both transmitted using the same transmit power?
Correct Answer: 2.4 GHz signals have a longer wavelength. Note:
Not only do lower frequencies propagate farther due to their longer wavelength, but they also
penetrate obstructions better, resulting in higher signal strengths on the opposite side of the
obstruction from the AP than would happen if a higher frequency were used. This is one of the reasons
you see 2.4 GHz sill in use in so many places like logistics and warehousing.
What is the purpose of a WLAN Management system? Correct Answer: To allow centralized AP
administration.
Note: WLAN Management systems allow centralized administration of WLAN APs and controllers. The
management system may be on premises or hosted in the Cloud so cloud based administration is not
always provided.
When acting as a RADIUS server, enterprise quality APs can use what kind of authentication database
when no centralized identity database exists? Correct Answer: Local
Note: Active Directory and eDirectory are centralized solutions. A local database is used when no
centralized solution is available.
Increasing the transmit power used by an access point will result in an increase in what characteristic of
an RF signal? Correct Answer: Amplitude
Note: The term amplitude is used to describe the power of an RF signal. Any change in transmit power
of an RF signal will change the amplitude of that signal.
What phenomenon of wireless transmissions is deemed to have a negative impact on SISO deployments
but is desirable in MIMO deployments? Correct Answer: Multipath
Note: All of the reflected signals caused by multipath are something you try to mitigate using antenna
diversity in a SISO network. However, in a MIMO network the reflections caused by multipath give the
receiver additional instances of the same signal, allowing for better decoding of the special streams.
Within what mode is an access point operating when it is collecting information wirelessly for a Wireless
Intrusion Prevention System (WIPS) and not supporting clients? Correct Answer: Monitor Mode
Note: Monitor Mode or Scanner Mode is used to turn an access point into a sensor for a WIPS. When
used in this mode, client support is not available on the radios used by the access point to scan.
,The component used to connect an antenna to a radio that uses a different connector type is most
commonly referred to by what name? Correct Answer: A Pigtail
Note: The component that is used to connect antennas and radios using different connector types is
most commonly referred to as a pigtail.
As a station moves closer to an access point it begins to use a higher data rate than it was using before
at a greater distance. What is the name used to describe this behavior? Correct Answer: Dynamic Rate
Switching (DRS)
Note: Client devices and access points negotiate the fastest data rate they both support to improve
performance. As a stations moves about, the signal from the access point may be detected as growing
weaker or growing stronger. The signal strength with which a station detects an access point is used by
the station to determine the data rate it should be using to remain connected to the access point. The
stronger the signal strength detected the higher the data rate used. The lower the signal strength the
lower the data rate used. This process is called Dynamic Rate Switching (DRS).
What should you consider when deploying additional access points in a wireless LAN to increase
capacity? Correct Answer: All of these important factors:
a. Channels already in use by existing access points
b. The number of concurrent connections required in the service set area
c. Distance of new AP's from the mounting points of existing access points
Note: When expanding a wireless LAN there are many factors to take into account with regard to
existing access points. APs may need to be moved, power levels adjusted, channels adjusted, or APs may
need to be replaced with newer devices. Expanding an existing WLAN can be as large a challenge as
deploying a new one.
When deploying an access point in an office environment, what is a reason to use an external antenna
vs. using an access point with an internal antenna? Correct Answer: To provide the desired coverage
Note: Antennas not only amplify signals they also help to shape the coverage. However, most office use
access points with internal antennas for looks and to reduce the number of stations that are able to see
and connect to any one access point.
Users within a company have a need to print wirelessly. The office manager has purchased a wireless
printer for their use. What is the best way for printer be configured for use in the office? Correct
Answer: Connect the printer to the network via Ethernet cable, disable the wireless card in the printer
and treat the printer as any other network asset
Note: Although the printer has a wireless card, ad-hoc networking should never be used in an office and
enabling an AP in a printer is problematic as it is not typically considered in the access WLAN design.
Additionally, users' computers can only be connected to one AP at a time. Connecting the printer
wirelessly could work. However, you may have to enable station to station traffic on the WLAN which
introduces too many security concerns, such as peer-to-peer attacks. The best thing to do is to connect
the printer to the network using an Ethernet cable and treat it as any other network resource.
, When an RF signal strikes an object and is neither reflected nor diffracted by the object but fails to pass
through the object, what term best describes this phenomenon? Correct Answer: Absorption
Note: When an RF signal fails to penetrate an object, is not reflected by nor diffracted by the object, that
phenomenon is called absorption.
Even though you know there are several legacy clients on your network, you have disabled the two
lowest data rates on all of your access points. What is a benefit of this configuration? Correct Answer:
Clients must be closer to the access points to connect
Note: By disabling the two lowest data rates, clients must be closer to the access points to connect. This
will increase throughput for each service set due to the lack of data transmissions at the lower speeds
causing undesirable contention and forcing clients at distance to roam to a closer access point.
When there are no AC power outlets near the locations where access points are to be deployed and the
switches used to connect the access points to the wired LAN do not provide PoE connectivity, how can
you power the access points without adding AC power outlets or using extension cords? Correct Answer:
Use midspan PoE injectors to power the access points
Note: Midspan injectors draw power from AC outlets and inject the power into the Ethernet cables used
to connect the access points. Placing generators at each location is not a cost-feasible solution and over-
the-air power is not an available solution today.
Your office has recently allowed the use of personal devices on the corporate network by using a
separate SSID (wireless network name). The network as utilized at about 40% before making this
change. Users now complain about long waits when downloading files from the corporate network using
company owned devices. What is the most likely cause of the problem? Correct Answer: The personal
devices and the new SSID have increased network use and channel contention slowing down throughput
Note: Additional devices using the same access points, even with an additional SSID, will increase
contention and slow throughput. The extra beacon frames (frames used to announce the network) from
the additional SSID consume extra airtime. The additional devices are consuming extra airtime as well.
The result will be decreased throughput for the corporate devices if the WLAN was already heavily
utilized.
A neighboring office has just implemented a new hotspot for their guests using channel 9. What is the
most likely reason your access points on channels 6 and 11 near this new access point are having
difficulty providing good service to your clients in the same area? Correct Answer: Channel 9 overlaps
with channels 6 and 11 causing interference
Note: Channel 9 overlaps with channels 6 and 11. When your access points and their stations in range of
the neighboring guest network try to transmit they do not detect the signals from the neighboring guest
network as 802.11 frames but rather as noise. When your access points and stations on channels 6 and
11 in the area transmit, their frames are having a high collision rate due to the adjacent channel
interference caused by your neighbor's guest network.
Within the 2.4 GHz spectrum, which combination of three channels is considered to be non-overlapping
when used in the same space? Correct Answer: 1, 7 and 13
