SOPHIA-INTRO TO ETHICS – PHIL 200 Intro to Ethics Final Unit (GRADED A)

Intro to Ethics – PHIL 200 Unit Final Which of the following statements supports egoism? Answer: Self-determined ethics are more successful than ethics dictated by others. "Abortion is acceptable if the woman doesn't want to be a mother." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? Answer: Egoism Which of the following statements reflects conventionalism? Answer: Moral truths differ from culture to culture. Which action demonstrates a shortcoming of virtue-based ethics? Answer: Donating to a charity out of a sense of superiority and ego On which of the following statements would a hedonic utilitarian and an idealist utilitarian disagree? Answer: Some goods can't be directly compared. According to egoism, what might an egoist think about when compelled to serve on a jury? Answer: I have an important project at work I am obligated to complete this week. Which of the following is a benefit of philosophy? Answer: Philosophy improves understanding of argumentation. Ellie believes that every person should show compassion at all times. Which of the following actions is inconsistent with her belief? Answer: Ellie calls the police on a homeless person who's sleeping too close to her storefront. Ingrid steals from a wealthy neighbor's excess so she can afford shoes for her children. How would a utilitarian classify this action? Answer: Obligatory Marcy and Wayne watched from a window as a car without a handicap parking sticker parked in the reserved spot in front of their office building. A woman jumped out and ran into the building. “I’m going to report that to the front desk,” announced Marcy indignantly. “Relax,” said Wayne. “If she’s fast and doesn’t get caught, what’s the harm?” Wayne is most likely a . Answer: consequentialist Many people confuse topics of religion, social etiquette, and law with ethical topics. Select the example related to law. Answer: Don masks his income to avoid paying income taxes for twenty years. According to Kantian deontology, which of the following would make an act impermissible? Answer: It is done with bad intent. Consider the following argument: (1) I should get a raise (2) because I complete all my projects prior to the deadline, (3) I arrive at work early and stay late, (4) and I always receive positive comments on my work. Which of the four numbered statements is the conclusion? Answer: 1 Which of the following statements is an example of metaethics? Answer: Kantian deontology is the correct ethical theory. Mai has moved to the United States from Myanmar. She does not know how to drive and is frightened by the freeways and traffic congestion. Her husband insists that she learn to drive because they live in a suburb with no public transportation. “No,” says Mai firmly. “I am 38 years old and I have always been able to reach my destination without driving a car.” According to conventionalism, who has the stronger ethical stance— Mai or her husband? Answer: Her husband, because driving is a societal norm in the United States. Select the statement that reveals personal interest as a source of bias in ethical evaluation. Answer: I call myself a liberal, but I vote for a conservative candidate when his or her policies will benefit me financially. Which of the following people would likely be satisfied with utilitarianism? Answer: Zach is looking for an ethical framework that applies evenly to everyone. "Eating pork is morally wrong because the Torah forbids it." To which theory of ethics is the person who made this statement likely appealing? Answer: Divine command theory Which of the following represents a challenge to the voluntarist option of divine command theory? Answer: God's commands have no basis in reason. According to Kant, which of the following violates a person's humanity? Answer: Forcing someone to do something Which of the following is an inductive argument? Answer: My new cell phone charges to full capacity in 30 minutes. My best friend’s new cell phone does the same thing, and so does my sister’s. It follows that all new cell phones recharge in 30 minutes. Which of the following people would likely be satisfied with Kantian deontology? Answer: Frannie is looking for an ethical framework that can evaluate actions beyond just their effects. Which of the following scenarios would be neutral for an egoist? Answer: Leah has a hard time deciding between the University of Minnesota and Notre Dame, but she picks Notre Dame in the end. Which of the following considerations is ethically relevant to a person who's buying a new car? Answer: Will this car keep my family and me safe on the road? Why is egoism considered a relativist theory of ethics? Answer: Because right and wrong are subject to the individual agent. Show Less