Peds Exam 1 questions and answers 100% correct
1. The nurse needs to take the blood pressure of a preschool boy for the first time. Which action would
be best in gaining his cooperation?
A. Taking his blood pressure when a parent is there to comfort him
B. Telling him that this procedure will help him get well faster.
C. Explaining to him how the blood flows through the arm and why the blood pressure is important
D. Permitting him to handle equipment and see the dial move before putting the cuff in place Correct
Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
2. It is time to give 3-year-old David his medication. Which approach is most likely to receive a positive
response?
A. "It's time for your medication now, David. Would you like water or apple juice afterward?"
B. "Wouldn't you like to take your medicine, David?"
C. "You must take your medicine, David, because the doctor says it will make you better."
D. "See how nicely John took his medicine? Now take yours." Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
3. When should clear liquids be stopped before scheduled surgery?
A. 2 hours before surgery
B. 6 hours before surgery
C. The night before surgery, at 8 PM
D. The night before surgery, at midnight Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
4. The nurse is doing preoperative teaching with a child and his parents. The parents say that he is
"dreading the shot" for premedication. The nurse's response should be based on the knowledge that:
A. Preanesthetic medication can only be given intramuscularly.
B. In children the intramuscular route is safer than the intravenous (IV) route.
C. The child will have no memory of the injection because of amnesia.
D. Preanesthetic medication should be "atraumatic," using oral, existing intravenous, or rectal routes.
Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
5. Maria, age 10, requires daily medications for a chronic illness. Her mother tells the nurse that she is
always nagging her to take her medicine before school. What is the most appropriate nursing action to
promote Maria's compliance?
A. Establishing a contract with her, including rewards
B. Suggesting time-outs when she forgets her medicine
C. Discussing with her mother the damaging effects of nagging
D. Asking Maria to bring her medicine containers to each appointment so they can be counted Correct
Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
,6. Allison, age 7 years, has a fever associated with a viral illness. She is being cared for at home. The
nurse should recognize that the principal reason for treating fever in this child is:
A. Relief of discomfort.
B. Reassurance that illness is temporary.
C. Prevention of secondary bacterial infection.
D. Prevention of life-threatening complications. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
7. Standard Precautions for infection control include:
A. Gloves are worn any time a patient is touched.
B. Needles are capped immediately after use and disposed of in a special container.
C. Gloves are worn to change diapers when there are loose or explosive stools.
D. Masks are needed only when caring for patients with airborne infections. Correct Answer: Correct
Answer: C
Your Response:
8. The nurse is preparing a plan to teach a mother how to administer 1½ teaspoons of medicine to her 6-
month-old child. The nurse should recommend using:
A. A household measuring spoon.
B. A regular silverware teaspoon.
C. A paper cup measure in 5-ml increments.
D. A plastic syringe (without needle) calibrated in milliliters. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
9. Several types of long-term central venous access devices are used. A benefit of using an implanted
port (e.g., Port-a-cath) is that it:
A. Is easy to use for self-administered infusions.
B. Does not need to pierce the skin for access.
C. Does not need to limit regular physical activity, including swimming.
D. Cannot dislodge from the port, even if child plays with port site. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: C
Your Response:
10. The nurse observes erythema, pain, and edema at a child's intravenous (IV) site with streaking along
the vein. What should the nurse do first?
A. Immediately stop the infusion.
B. Check for a good blood return.
C. Ask another nurse to check the IV site.
D. Increase the IV drip for 1 minute and recheck. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
11. The best explanation for why pulse oximetry is used on young children is that it:
A. Is noninvasive.
B. Is better than capnography.
C. Is more accurate than arterial blood gases.
D. Provides intermittent measurements of O2. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
12. When is bronchial (postural) drainage generally performed?
,A. Immediately before all aerosol therapy
B. Before meals and at bedtime
C. Immediately on arising and at bedtime
D. Thirty minutes after meals and at bedtime Correct Answer: Correct Answer: B
Your Response:
13. The nurse is caring for an infant with a tracheostomy when accidental decannulation occurs. The
nurse is unable to reinsert the tube. What should be the next action by the nurse?
A. Notifying the surgeon
B. Performing oral intubation
C. Trying to insert a larger-size tube
D. Trying to insert smaller-size tube Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
14. A neonate had corrective surgery 3 days ago for esophageal atresia. The nurse notices that after the
child receives his gastrostomy feeding, there is often a backup of formula feeding into the tube. As a
result, the nurse should:
A. Position the child in a supine position after feedings.
B. Position the child on his or her left side after feedings.
C. Leave the gastrostomy tube open and suspended after feedings.
D. Leave the gastrostomy tube clamped after feedings. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: C
Your Response:
1. What should the nurse consider when having consent forms signed for surgery and procedures on
children?
a. Only a parent or legal guardian can give consent.
b. The person giving consent must be at least 18 years old.
c. The risks and benefits of a procedure are part of the consent process.
d. A mental age of 7 years or older is required for a consent to be considered "informed." Correct
Answer: ANS: C
The informed consent must include the nature of the procedure, benefits and risks, and alternatives to
the procedure. In special circumstances such as emancipated minors, the consent can be given by
someone younger than 18 years without the parent or legal guardian. A mental age of 7 years is too
young for consent to be informed.
2. The nurse is planning how to prepare a 4-year-old child for some diagnostic procedures. Guidelines
for preparing this preschooler should include to:
a. Plan for a short teaching session of about 30 minutes.
b. Tell the child that procedures are never a form of punishment.
c. Keep equipment out of the child's view.
d. Use correct scientific and medical terminology in explanations. Correct Answer: ANS: B
Illness and hospitalization may be viewed as punishment in preschoolers. Always state directly that
procedures are never a form of punishment. Teaching sessions for this age group should be 10 to 15
minutes in length. Demonstrate the use of equipment and allow the child to play with miniature or
actual equipment. Explain the procedure in simple terms and how it affects the child.
, 3. Katie, 4 years old, is admitted to outpatient surgery for removal of a cyst on her foot. Her mother puts
the hospital gown on her, but Katie is crying because she wants to leave on her underpants. The most
appropriate nursing action is to:
a. Allow her to wear her underpants.
b. Discuss with her mother why this is important to Katie.
c. Ask her mother to explain to her why she cannot wear them.
d. Explain in a kind, matter-of-fact manner that this is hospital policy. Correct Answer: ANS: A
It is appropriate for the child to leave her underpants on. This allows her some measure of control
during the foot surgery. The mother should not be required to make the child more upset. Katie is too
young to understand what hospital policy means.
4. Using knowledge of child development, the best approach when preparing a toddler for a procedure
is to:
a. Avoid asking the child to make choices.
b. Demonstrate the procedure on a doll.
c. Plan for the teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
d. Show necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it. Correct Answer: ANS: B
Prepare toddlers for procedures by using play. Demonstrate on a doll, but avoid the child's favorite doll
because the toddler may think the doll is really "feeling" the procedure. In preparing a toddler for a
procedure, the child is allowed to participate in care and help whenever possible. Teaching sessions for
toddlers should be about 5 to 10 minutes. Use a small replica of the equipment and allow the child to
handle it.
5. The nurse is preparing a 12-year-old girl for a bone marrow aspiration. She tells the nurse that she
wants her mother with her "like before." The most appropriate nursing action is to:
a. Grant her request.
b. Explain why this is not possible.
c. Identify an appropriate substitute for her mother.
d. Offer to provide support to her during the procedure. Correct Answer: ANS: A
The parents' preferences for assisting, observing, or waiting outside the room should be assessed, as
well as the child's preference for parental presence. The child's choice should be respected. If the
mother and child are agreeable, the mother is welcome to stay. An appropriate substitute for the
mother is necessary only if the mother does not wish to stay. Support is offered to the child regardless
of parental presence.
6. The emergency department nurse is cleaning multiple facial abrasions on 9-year-old Mike. His mother
is present. He is crying and screaming loudly. The nurse should:
a. Ask him to be quieter.
b. Have his mother tell him to relax.
c. Tell him it is okay to cry and scream.
d. Suggest that he talk to his mother instead of crying. Correct Answer: ANS: C
The child should be allowed to express feelings of anger, anxiety, fear, frustration, or any other emotion.
The child needs to know that it is all right to cry. There is no reason for him to be quieter. He is too upset
and needs to be able to express his feelings.
7. In some genetically susceptible children anesthetic agents can trigger malignant hyperthermia. The
nurse should be alert in observing that, in addition to an increased temperature, an early sign of this
disorder is:
1. The nurse needs to take the blood pressure of a preschool boy for the first time. Which action would
be best in gaining his cooperation?
A. Taking his blood pressure when a parent is there to comfort him
B. Telling him that this procedure will help him get well faster.
C. Explaining to him how the blood flows through the arm and why the blood pressure is important
D. Permitting him to handle equipment and see the dial move before putting the cuff in place Correct
Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
2. It is time to give 3-year-old David his medication. Which approach is most likely to receive a positive
response?
A. "It's time for your medication now, David. Would you like water or apple juice afterward?"
B. "Wouldn't you like to take your medicine, David?"
C. "You must take your medicine, David, because the doctor says it will make you better."
D. "See how nicely John took his medicine? Now take yours." Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
3. When should clear liquids be stopped before scheduled surgery?
A. 2 hours before surgery
B. 6 hours before surgery
C. The night before surgery, at 8 PM
D. The night before surgery, at midnight Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
4. The nurse is doing preoperative teaching with a child and his parents. The parents say that he is
"dreading the shot" for premedication. The nurse's response should be based on the knowledge that:
A. Preanesthetic medication can only be given intramuscularly.
B. In children the intramuscular route is safer than the intravenous (IV) route.
C. The child will have no memory of the injection because of amnesia.
D. Preanesthetic medication should be "atraumatic," using oral, existing intravenous, or rectal routes.
Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
5. Maria, age 10, requires daily medications for a chronic illness. Her mother tells the nurse that she is
always nagging her to take her medicine before school. What is the most appropriate nursing action to
promote Maria's compliance?
A. Establishing a contract with her, including rewards
B. Suggesting time-outs when she forgets her medicine
C. Discussing with her mother the damaging effects of nagging
D. Asking Maria to bring her medicine containers to each appointment so they can be counted Correct
Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
,6. Allison, age 7 years, has a fever associated with a viral illness. She is being cared for at home. The
nurse should recognize that the principal reason for treating fever in this child is:
A. Relief of discomfort.
B. Reassurance that illness is temporary.
C. Prevention of secondary bacterial infection.
D. Prevention of life-threatening complications. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
7. Standard Precautions for infection control include:
A. Gloves are worn any time a patient is touched.
B. Needles are capped immediately after use and disposed of in a special container.
C. Gloves are worn to change diapers when there are loose or explosive stools.
D. Masks are needed only when caring for patients with airborne infections. Correct Answer: Correct
Answer: C
Your Response:
8. The nurse is preparing a plan to teach a mother how to administer 1½ teaspoons of medicine to her 6-
month-old child. The nurse should recommend using:
A. A household measuring spoon.
B. A regular silverware teaspoon.
C. A paper cup measure in 5-ml increments.
D. A plastic syringe (without needle) calibrated in milliliters. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
9. Several types of long-term central venous access devices are used. A benefit of using an implanted
port (e.g., Port-a-cath) is that it:
A. Is easy to use for self-administered infusions.
B. Does not need to pierce the skin for access.
C. Does not need to limit regular physical activity, including swimming.
D. Cannot dislodge from the port, even if child plays with port site. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: C
Your Response:
10. The nurse observes erythema, pain, and edema at a child's intravenous (IV) site with streaking along
the vein. What should the nurse do first?
A. Immediately stop the infusion.
B. Check for a good blood return.
C. Ask another nurse to check the IV site.
D. Increase the IV drip for 1 minute and recheck. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
11. The best explanation for why pulse oximetry is used on young children is that it:
A. Is noninvasive.
B. Is better than capnography.
C. Is more accurate than arterial blood gases.
D. Provides intermittent measurements of O2. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: A
Your Response:
12. When is bronchial (postural) drainage generally performed?
,A. Immediately before all aerosol therapy
B. Before meals and at bedtime
C. Immediately on arising and at bedtime
D. Thirty minutes after meals and at bedtime Correct Answer: Correct Answer: B
Your Response:
13. The nurse is caring for an infant with a tracheostomy when accidental decannulation occurs. The
nurse is unable to reinsert the tube. What should be the next action by the nurse?
A. Notifying the surgeon
B. Performing oral intubation
C. Trying to insert a larger-size tube
D. Trying to insert smaller-size tube Correct Answer: Correct Answer: D
Your Response:
14. A neonate had corrective surgery 3 days ago for esophageal atresia. The nurse notices that after the
child receives his gastrostomy feeding, there is often a backup of formula feeding into the tube. As a
result, the nurse should:
A. Position the child in a supine position after feedings.
B. Position the child on his or her left side after feedings.
C. Leave the gastrostomy tube open and suspended after feedings.
D. Leave the gastrostomy tube clamped after feedings. Correct Answer: Correct Answer: C
Your Response:
1. What should the nurse consider when having consent forms signed for surgery and procedures on
children?
a. Only a parent or legal guardian can give consent.
b. The person giving consent must be at least 18 years old.
c. The risks and benefits of a procedure are part of the consent process.
d. A mental age of 7 years or older is required for a consent to be considered "informed." Correct
Answer: ANS: C
The informed consent must include the nature of the procedure, benefits and risks, and alternatives to
the procedure. In special circumstances such as emancipated minors, the consent can be given by
someone younger than 18 years without the parent or legal guardian. A mental age of 7 years is too
young for consent to be informed.
2. The nurse is planning how to prepare a 4-year-old child for some diagnostic procedures. Guidelines
for preparing this preschooler should include to:
a. Plan for a short teaching session of about 30 minutes.
b. Tell the child that procedures are never a form of punishment.
c. Keep equipment out of the child's view.
d. Use correct scientific and medical terminology in explanations. Correct Answer: ANS: B
Illness and hospitalization may be viewed as punishment in preschoolers. Always state directly that
procedures are never a form of punishment. Teaching sessions for this age group should be 10 to 15
minutes in length. Demonstrate the use of equipment and allow the child to play with miniature or
actual equipment. Explain the procedure in simple terms and how it affects the child.
, 3. Katie, 4 years old, is admitted to outpatient surgery for removal of a cyst on her foot. Her mother puts
the hospital gown on her, but Katie is crying because she wants to leave on her underpants. The most
appropriate nursing action is to:
a. Allow her to wear her underpants.
b. Discuss with her mother why this is important to Katie.
c. Ask her mother to explain to her why she cannot wear them.
d. Explain in a kind, matter-of-fact manner that this is hospital policy. Correct Answer: ANS: A
It is appropriate for the child to leave her underpants on. This allows her some measure of control
during the foot surgery. The mother should not be required to make the child more upset. Katie is too
young to understand what hospital policy means.
4. Using knowledge of child development, the best approach when preparing a toddler for a procedure
is to:
a. Avoid asking the child to make choices.
b. Demonstrate the procedure on a doll.
c. Plan for the teaching session to last about 20 minutes.
d. Show necessary equipment without allowing child to handle it. Correct Answer: ANS: B
Prepare toddlers for procedures by using play. Demonstrate on a doll, but avoid the child's favorite doll
because the toddler may think the doll is really "feeling" the procedure. In preparing a toddler for a
procedure, the child is allowed to participate in care and help whenever possible. Teaching sessions for
toddlers should be about 5 to 10 minutes. Use a small replica of the equipment and allow the child to
handle it.
5. The nurse is preparing a 12-year-old girl for a bone marrow aspiration. She tells the nurse that she
wants her mother with her "like before." The most appropriate nursing action is to:
a. Grant her request.
b. Explain why this is not possible.
c. Identify an appropriate substitute for her mother.
d. Offer to provide support to her during the procedure. Correct Answer: ANS: A
The parents' preferences for assisting, observing, or waiting outside the room should be assessed, as
well as the child's preference for parental presence. The child's choice should be respected. If the
mother and child are agreeable, the mother is welcome to stay. An appropriate substitute for the
mother is necessary only if the mother does not wish to stay. Support is offered to the child regardless
of parental presence.
6. The emergency department nurse is cleaning multiple facial abrasions on 9-year-old Mike. His mother
is present. He is crying and screaming loudly. The nurse should:
a. Ask him to be quieter.
b. Have his mother tell him to relax.
c. Tell him it is okay to cry and scream.
d. Suggest that he talk to his mother instead of crying. Correct Answer: ANS: C
The child should be allowed to express feelings of anger, anxiety, fear, frustration, or any other emotion.
The child needs to know that it is all right to cry. There is no reason for him to be quieter. He is too upset
and needs to be able to express his feelings.
7. In some genetically susceptible children anesthetic agents can trigger malignant hyperthermia. The
nurse should be alert in observing that, in addition to an increased temperature, an early sign of this
disorder is:
