ATI Practice Pharmacology questions and answers

1. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving intravenous therapy and observes redness and inflammation along the vein. The nurse would identify this finding as which of the following complications of IV therapy? a. Phlebitis b. Infiltration c. Venous spasm d. Extravasation a. Phlebitis 2. A nurse is reviewing the plan of care with a client who has a new prescription for lovastatin. Which of the following statements by the client should indicate to the nurse a need for further assessment? a. "I was just diagnosed with hepatitis B." b. "I should avoid drinking grapefruit juice." c. "I take metformin for my diabetes." d. "I am trying to decrease my dietary fat intake." d. "I am trying to decrease my dietary fat intake." 00:42 01:07 3. A nurse is teaching a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis about management of medication for the disease. Which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to make? a. "You should report monthly to have your blood drawn to monitor kidney function while taking this medication." b. "You will need to take two or more medications to treat your disease." c. "You should anticipate taking medication to treat your disease for at least the next three years." d. "You will need to undergo tuberculin skin tests every 6 months while taking medication for your disease." d. "You will need to undergo tuberculin skin tests every 6 months while taking medication for your disease." 4. A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has erectile dysfunction and is requesting a prescription for sildenafil. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications is a contraindication for receiving this medication? a. Furosemide b. Nitroglycerin c. Indomethacin d. Albuterol b. Nitroglycerin 5. A nurse is providing discharge dietary teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. "Avoid caffeinated beverages." b. "Take the medication with meals." c. "Restrict milk products." d. "Limit your sodium intake." a. "Avoid caffeinated beverages." 6. A nurse in the emergency department is admitting a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis and a blood glucose level of 800 mg/dL. Which of the following interventions should the nurse initiate first? a. Potassium chloride 10 mEq/hr b. Bicarbonate by IV infusion c. 0.9% sodium chloride 15 mL/kg/hr d. Subcutaneous insulin injections c. 0.9% sodium chloride 15 mL/kg/hr 7. A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments? a. Cardiac output b. Urine output c. Blood pressure d. Stroke volume c. Blood pressure 8. A nurse realizes that they failed to administer a medication that was due 4 hr ago to a client. Which of the following actions should be taken first? a. File an incident report. b. Report the missed dosage to the client's provider. c. Determine factors that led to the omission. d. Assess the client for adverse reactions. b. Report the missed dosage to the client's provider. 9. A nurse is completing a medication reconciliation for a client prior to his transfer to a long-term care facility. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Include medications the client received in the acute setting but will no longer need after transfer. b. Remove duplicate medications of different dosages from the reconciliation list. c. Compare the current list of mediations to medications the client will receive after transfer. d. Omit over-the-counter medications from the at-home medication list. b. Remove duplicate medications of different dosages from the reconciliation list. 10. A nurse recently administered filgrastim intravenously to a client who has cancer and is receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. For which of the following data, discovered after the medication was administered, should the nurse file an incident report? a. The client has chemotherapy 12 hr before the medication was administered. b. The nurse flushed the client's IV line dextrose 5% in water before and after medication was administered. c. The medication vial sat at room temperature for 2 hr before it was administered d. The client's absolute neutrophil count was 2,500/mm3 before the medication was administered. a. The client has chemotherapy 12 hr before the medication was administered. 11. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ceftriaxone intravenously. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an allergic reaction? a. Polyuria b. Hypotension c. Nausea d. Bradycardia b. Hypotension 12. A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a client who has heart failure. The nurse should withhold the medication for which of the following findings? a. BP 160/90 mm Hg b. Urinary output 30mL/hr c. Weight gain of 0.7 kg (1.5lb) in 24 hr d. Pulse rate 56/min a. BP 160/90 mm Hg